NGN HESI RN PHARMACOLOGY Version
1 Newest With Complete All Questions And
Correct Detailed Answers| Brand New
Version!
Which drug is used as a palliative treatment for a client with tumor-induced spinal cord
compression?
A) Morphine Sulfate (Duromorph).
B) Ibuprofen (Advil).
C) Amitriptyline (Amitril).
D) Dexamethasone (Decadron). D) Dexamethasone (Decadron).
Dexamethasone (D) is a palliative treatment modality to manage symptoms related to
compression due to tumor growth. Morphine sulphate (A) is an opioid analgesic used in
oncology to manage severe or intractable pain. Ibuprofen (B), a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory
drug (NSAID), provides relief for mild to moderate pain, suppression of inflammation, and
reduction of fever. Amitriptyline (C), a tricyclic antidepressant, is often prescribed for pain
related to neuropathic origin and provides a reduction in opioid dosage.
Which action is most important for the nurse to implement prior to the administration of the
antiarrhythmic drug adenosine (Adenocard)?
A) Assess pupillary response to light.
B) Instruct the client that facial flushing may occur.
C) Apply continuous cardiac monitoring.
D) Request that family members leave the room. C) Apply continuous cardiac monitoring.
Adenosine (Adenocard) is an antiarrhythmic drug used to restore a normal sinus rhythm in
clients with rapid supraventricular tachycardia. The client's heart rate should be monitored
continuously (C) for the onset of additional arrhythmias while receiving adenosine. (A and B)
are valuable nursing interventions, but are of less importance than monitoring for potentially
fatal arrhythmias. Family members may be asked to leave the room because of the potential for
an emergency situation (D), however, this is also of less priority than (C).
Which nursing diagnosis is important to include in the plan of care for a client receiving the
angiotensin-2 receptor antagonist irbesartan (Avapro)?
A) Fluid volume deficit.
B) Risk for infection.
C) Risk for injury.
D) Impaired sleep patterns. C) Risk for injury.
Avapro is an antihypertensive agent, which acts by blocking vasoconstrictor effects at various
receptor sites. This can cause hypotension and dizziness, placing the client at high risk for injury
(C). Avapro does not act as a diuretic (A), impact the immune system (B), or alter sleep patterns
(D).
1
,A client with Parkinson's disease is taking carbidopa-levodopa (Sinemet). Which observation by
the nurse should indicate that the desired outcome of the medication is being achieved?
A) Decreased blood pressure.
B) Lessening of tremors.
C) Increased salivation.
D) Increased attention span. B) Lessening of tremors.
Sinemet increases the amount of levodopa to the CNS (dopamine to the brain). Increased
amounts of dopamine improve the symptoms of Parkinson's, such as involuntary movements,
resting tremors (B), shuffling gait, etc. (A) is a side effect of Sinemet. Decreased drooling would
be a desired effect, not (C). Sinemet does not affect (D).
The healthcare provider prescribes naloxone (Narcan) for a client in the emergency room. Which
assessment data would indicate that the naloxone has been effective? The client's
A) statement that the chest pain is better.
B) respiratory rate is 16 breaths/minute.
C) seizure activity has stopped temporarily.
D) pupils are constricted bilaterally. B) respiratory rate is 16 breaths/minute.
Naloxone (Narcan) is a narcotic antagonist that reverses the respiratory depression effects of
opiate overdose, so assessment of a normal respiratory rate (B) would indicate that the
respiratory depression has been halted. (A, C, and D) are not related to naloxone (Narcan)
administration.
Following heparin treatment for a pulmonary embolism, a client is being discharged with a
prescription for warfarin (Coumadin). In conducting discharge teaching, the nurse advises the
client to have which diagnostic test monitored regularly after discharge?
A) Perfusion scan.
B) Prothrombin Time (PT/INR).
C) Activated partial thromboplastin (APTT).
D) Serum Coumadin level (SCL). B) Prothrombin Time (PT/INR).
When used for a client with pulmonary embolus, the therapeutic goal for warfarin therapy is a
PT 1½ to 2½ times greater than the control, or an INR of 2 to 3 (B). A perfusion might be
performed to monitor lung function, but not monthly (A). APTT is monitored for the client
receiving heparin therapy (C). A blood level for Coumadin cannot be measured (D).
A client is receiving metoprolol (Lopressor SR). What assessment is most important for the
nurse to obtain?
A) Temperature.
B) Lung sounds.
C) Blood pressure.
D) Urinary output. C) Blood pressure.
It is most important to monitor the blood pressure (C) of clients taking this medication because
Lopressor is an antianginal, antiarrhythmic, antihypertensive agent. While (A and B) are
important data to obtain on any client, they are not as important for a client receiving Lopressor
as (C). Intake and output ratios and daily weights should be monitored while taking Lopressor to
2
,assess for signs and symptoms of congestive heart failure, but (D) alone does not have the
importance of (C).
Following the administration of sublingual nitroglycerin to a client experiencing an acute anginal
attack, which assessment finding indicates to the nurse that the desired effect has been achieved?
A. Client states chest pain is relieved
B. Client's pulse decreases from 120 to 90
C. Client's systolic blood pressure decreases from 180 to 90
D. Clients SaO2 level increases from 92% to 96% A. nitroglycerin reduces mycocardial
oxygen consumption which decreases ischemia and reduces chest pain
A client with hyperlipidemia recieves a prescription for niacin (niaspan). which client teaching is
most important for the nurse to provide
a. expected duration of flushing
b. symptoms of hyperglycemia
c. diets that minimize gi irritation
d. comfort measure for pruritis A. flushing of the face and neck, lasting up to an hour, is a
frequent reason for discontinuing niacin. inclusion of this effect in clietn teaching may promote
compliance in taking the med.
When assessing an adolescent who recently overdosed on acetaminophen (tylonel), it is most
important for the nurse to assess for pain in which area of the body
a. flank
b. abdomen
c. chest
d. head B. acetaminophen toxicisty an result in liver damage; therefore, it is especially important
for the nurse to assess for pain in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen (which might
indicated liver damage)
A client is admitted to the coronary care unit with a medical diagnosis of acute myocardial
infarction. which medication prescription decreases both preload and afterload
a. nitroglycerin
b. propranolol
c. propranolol
d. captopril A. nitroglycerin is a nitrate that causes peripheral vasodilation and decreases
contractility, thereby decreasing both preload and afterload
A clietn is being treated for hyperthyroidism with propylthiouracil (PTU). The nurse knows that
the action of this drug is to
A. decrease the amount of the thyroid-stimulating hormone circulating in the blood
B. increase the amount of thyroid-stimulating hormone circulating in the blood
C. increase the amount of T4 and decrease the amount of T3 produced by the thyroid
D. inhibit synthesis of T3 and T4 by the thyroid gland D. PTU is an adjunct therapy used to
control hyperthyroidism by inhibiting production of thyroid hormones. It is often prescribed in
prep for thyroidectomy or radioactive iodine therapy
Which change in data indicates to the nurse the desired effect of the angiotensin II receptor
antagonist has been achieved
A. Dependent edema reduced form +3 to +1
B. Serum HDL increased from 35 to 55mg/dl
C. PUlse rate reduced from 150 to 90 beats/min
3
, D. Blood pressure reducedf rom 160/90 to 130.80 D. angiotensin II receptor antagonist
(blocker), prescribed from treatment of HTN. The desired effect is a decrease in blood pressure.
Which instructions should the nurse give to a femail client who just recieved a prescription for
oral metronidazole (flagyl) for treatment of trichomonas vaginalis (select all that apply)
A. increase fluid intake, especially cranberry juice
B. Do not abruptly discontinue the medication; taper use
C. Check blood pressure daily to detect hypertension
D. Avoid drinking alcohol while taking this medication
E. Use condoms until treatment is completed
F. Ensure that all sexual partners are treated at the same time ADEF
The nurse is transcribing a new prescription for spironolactone (aldactone) for a client who
receives an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. Which action should the nurse implement
A. verify both prescriptions with the HCP
B. report the med interactions to the nurse manager
C. hold the ACE inhibitor and give the new prescription
D. Transcribe and send the prescription to the pharmacy A. the concomitant use of an ACE
inhibitor and a potassium-sparing diuretic sucha s spironolactone, should be given with caution
b/c the two drugs may interact to cause an elevation in serum potassium levels.
A client has myxedema, which results from a deficiency of thyroid hormone synthesis in adults.
The nurse knows that which medication should be contraindicated for this client?
A. liothyronine (cytomel) to replace iodine
B. Furosemide (Lasix) for relief of fluid retention
C. Pentobarbital sodium for sleep
D. nitroglycerin for angina pain C. persons with myxedema are dangerously hypersensitive
to narcotics, barbiturates, and anesthetics. They do not tolerate liothyronine and usually receive
iodine replacement therapy. These clients are also suceptable to heart problems such as angina
for which nitroglycerine would be indicated and and congestive heart failure for which
furosemide would be indicated
A client has a continuous IV infusion of dopamine and an IV of normal saline at 50ml/hour. The
nurse noes that the client's urinary output has been 20ml/hour for the last two hours. Which
intervention should the nurse initiate?
A. stop the infusion of dopamine
B. change the normal saline to a keep open rate
C. replace the urinary catheter
D. notify the healthcare provider of the urinary output. D.
A healthcare provider prescrives cephalexin monhydrate (Keflex) for a client with a
postoperative infection. It is most important for the nurse to assess for what additional drug
allergy before administering this prescription?
A. Penicillins
B. Aminoglycosides
C. Erythromycins
D.Sulfonamides A. Cross-allergies exist between penicillins and cephalosporines, such as
keflex. so checking for penicillin allergy is a wise precaution
Which medications should the nurse caution the client about taking while receiving an opioid
analgesic?
A. Antacids.
4
1 Newest With Complete All Questions And
Correct Detailed Answers| Brand New
Version!
Which drug is used as a palliative treatment for a client with tumor-induced spinal cord
compression?
A) Morphine Sulfate (Duromorph).
B) Ibuprofen (Advil).
C) Amitriptyline (Amitril).
D) Dexamethasone (Decadron). D) Dexamethasone (Decadron).
Dexamethasone (D) is a palliative treatment modality to manage symptoms related to
compression due to tumor growth. Morphine sulphate (A) is an opioid analgesic used in
oncology to manage severe or intractable pain. Ibuprofen (B), a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory
drug (NSAID), provides relief for mild to moderate pain, suppression of inflammation, and
reduction of fever. Amitriptyline (C), a tricyclic antidepressant, is often prescribed for pain
related to neuropathic origin and provides a reduction in opioid dosage.
Which action is most important for the nurse to implement prior to the administration of the
antiarrhythmic drug adenosine (Adenocard)?
A) Assess pupillary response to light.
B) Instruct the client that facial flushing may occur.
C) Apply continuous cardiac monitoring.
D) Request that family members leave the room. C) Apply continuous cardiac monitoring.
Adenosine (Adenocard) is an antiarrhythmic drug used to restore a normal sinus rhythm in
clients with rapid supraventricular tachycardia. The client's heart rate should be monitored
continuously (C) for the onset of additional arrhythmias while receiving adenosine. (A and B)
are valuable nursing interventions, but are of less importance than monitoring for potentially
fatal arrhythmias. Family members may be asked to leave the room because of the potential for
an emergency situation (D), however, this is also of less priority than (C).
Which nursing diagnosis is important to include in the plan of care for a client receiving the
angiotensin-2 receptor antagonist irbesartan (Avapro)?
A) Fluid volume deficit.
B) Risk for infection.
C) Risk for injury.
D) Impaired sleep patterns. C) Risk for injury.
Avapro is an antihypertensive agent, which acts by blocking vasoconstrictor effects at various
receptor sites. This can cause hypotension and dizziness, placing the client at high risk for injury
(C). Avapro does not act as a diuretic (A), impact the immune system (B), or alter sleep patterns
(D).
1
,A client with Parkinson's disease is taking carbidopa-levodopa (Sinemet). Which observation by
the nurse should indicate that the desired outcome of the medication is being achieved?
A) Decreased blood pressure.
B) Lessening of tremors.
C) Increased salivation.
D) Increased attention span. B) Lessening of tremors.
Sinemet increases the amount of levodopa to the CNS (dopamine to the brain). Increased
amounts of dopamine improve the symptoms of Parkinson's, such as involuntary movements,
resting tremors (B), shuffling gait, etc. (A) is a side effect of Sinemet. Decreased drooling would
be a desired effect, not (C). Sinemet does not affect (D).
The healthcare provider prescribes naloxone (Narcan) for a client in the emergency room. Which
assessment data would indicate that the naloxone has been effective? The client's
A) statement that the chest pain is better.
B) respiratory rate is 16 breaths/minute.
C) seizure activity has stopped temporarily.
D) pupils are constricted bilaterally. B) respiratory rate is 16 breaths/minute.
Naloxone (Narcan) is a narcotic antagonist that reverses the respiratory depression effects of
opiate overdose, so assessment of a normal respiratory rate (B) would indicate that the
respiratory depression has been halted. (A, C, and D) are not related to naloxone (Narcan)
administration.
Following heparin treatment for a pulmonary embolism, a client is being discharged with a
prescription for warfarin (Coumadin). In conducting discharge teaching, the nurse advises the
client to have which diagnostic test monitored regularly after discharge?
A) Perfusion scan.
B) Prothrombin Time (PT/INR).
C) Activated partial thromboplastin (APTT).
D) Serum Coumadin level (SCL). B) Prothrombin Time (PT/INR).
When used for a client with pulmonary embolus, the therapeutic goal for warfarin therapy is a
PT 1½ to 2½ times greater than the control, or an INR of 2 to 3 (B). A perfusion might be
performed to monitor lung function, but not monthly (A). APTT is monitored for the client
receiving heparin therapy (C). A blood level for Coumadin cannot be measured (D).
A client is receiving metoprolol (Lopressor SR). What assessment is most important for the
nurse to obtain?
A) Temperature.
B) Lung sounds.
C) Blood pressure.
D) Urinary output. C) Blood pressure.
It is most important to monitor the blood pressure (C) of clients taking this medication because
Lopressor is an antianginal, antiarrhythmic, antihypertensive agent. While (A and B) are
important data to obtain on any client, they are not as important for a client receiving Lopressor
as (C). Intake and output ratios and daily weights should be monitored while taking Lopressor to
2
,assess for signs and symptoms of congestive heart failure, but (D) alone does not have the
importance of (C).
Following the administration of sublingual nitroglycerin to a client experiencing an acute anginal
attack, which assessment finding indicates to the nurse that the desired effect has been achieved?
A. Client states chest pain is relieved
B. Client's pulse decreases from 120 to 90
C. Client's systolic blood pressure decreases from 180 to 90
D. Clients SaO2 level increases from 92% to 96% A. nitroglycerin reduces mycocardial
oxygen consumption which decreases ischemia and reduces chest pain
A client with hyperlipidemia recieves a prescription for niacin (niaspan). which client teaching is
most important for the nurse to provide
a. expected duration of flushing
b. symptoms of hyperglycemia
c. diets that minimize gi irritation
d. comfort measure for pruritis A. flushing of the face and neck, lasting up to an hour, is a
frequent reason for discontinuing niacin. inclusion of this effect in clietn teaching may promote
compliance in taking the med.
When assessing an adolescent who recently overdosed on acetaminophen (tylonel), it is most
important for the nurse to assess for pain in which area of the body
a. flank
b. abdomen
c. chest
d. head B. acetaminophen toxicisty an result in liver damage; therefore, it is especially important
for the nurse to assess for pain in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen (which might
indicated liver damage)
A client is admitted to the coronary care unit with a medical diagnosis of acute myocardial
infarction. which medication prescription decreases both preload and afterload
a. nitroglycerin
b. propranolol
c. propranolol
d. captopril A. nitroglycerin is a nitrate that causes peripheral vasodilation and decreases
contractility, thereby decreasing both preload and afterload
A clietn is being treated for hyperthyroidism with propylthiouracil (PTU). The nurse knows that
the action of this drug is to
A. decrease the amount of the thyroid-stimulating hormone circulating in the blood
B. increase the amount of thyroid-stimulating hormone circulating in the blood
C. increase the amount of T4 and decrease the amount of T3 produced by the thyroid
D. inhibit synthesis of T3 and T4 by the thyroid gland D. PTU is an adjunct therapy used to
control hyperthyroidism by inhibiting production of thyroid hormones. It is often prescribed in
prep for thyroidectomy or radioactive iodine therapy
Which change in data indicates to the nurse the desired effect of the angiotensin II receptor
antagonist has been achieved
A. Dependent edema reduced form +3 to +1
B. Serum HDL increased from 35 to 55mg/dl
C. PUlse rate reduced from 150 to 90 beats/min
3
, D. Blood pressure reducedf rom 160/90 to 130.80 D. angiotensin II receptor antagonist
(blocker), prescribed from treatment of HTN. The desired effect is a decrease in blood pressure.
Which instructions should the nurse give to a femail client who just recieved a prescription for
oral metronidazole (flagyl) for treatment of trichomonas vaginalis (select all that apply)
A. increase fluid intake, especially cranberry juice
B. Do not abruptly discontinue the medication; taper use
C. Check blood pressure daily to detect hypertension
D. Avoid drinking alcohol while taking this medication
E. Use condoms until treatment is completed
F. Ensure that all sexual partners are treated at the same time ADEF
The nurse is transcribing a new prescription for spironolactone (aldactone) for a client who
receives an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. Which action should the nurse implement
A. verify both prescriptions with the HCP
B. report the med interactions to the nurse manager
C. hold the ACE inhibitor and give the new prescription
D. Transcribe and send the prescription to the pharmacy A. the concomitant use of an ACE
inhibitor and a potassium-sparing diuretic sucha s spironolactone, should be given with caution
b/c the two drugs may interact to cause an elevation in serum potassium levels.
A client has myxedema, which results from a deficiency of thyroid hormone synthesis in adults.
The nurse knows that which medication should be contraindicated for this client?
A. liothyronine (cytomel) to replace iodine
B. Furosemide (Lasix) for relief of fluid retention
C. Pentobarbital sodium for sleep
D. nitroglycerin for angina pain C. persons with myxedema are dangerously hypersensitive
to narcotics, barbiturates, and anesthetics. They do not tolerate liothyronine and usually receive
iodine replacement therapy. These clients are also suceptable to heart problems such as angina
for which nitroglycerine would be indicated and and congestive heart failure for which
furosemide would be indicated
A client has a continuous IV infusion of dopamine and an IV of normal saline at 50ml/hour. The
nurse noes that the client's urinary output has been 20ml/hour for the last two hours. Which
intervention should the nurse initiate?
A. stop the infusion of dopamine
B. change the normal saline to a keep open rate
C. replace the urinary catheter
D. notify the healthcare provider of the urinary output. D.
A healthcare provider prescrives cephalexin monhydrate (Keflex) for a client with a
postoperative infection. It is most important for the nurse to assess for what additional drug
allergy before administering this prescription?
A. Penicillins
B. Aminoglycosides
C. Erythromycins
D.Sulfonamides A. Cross-allergies exist between penicillins and cephalosporines, such as
keflex. so checking for penicillin allergy is a wise precaution
Which medications should the nurse caution the client about taking while receiving an opioid
analgesic?
A. Antacids.
4
