ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 1: MIDTERM REVIEW QUESTIONS
& ANSWERS.
Chapter 1:
Anatomy---correct-answer-the-study-of-the-structure-of-the-body
Physiology---correct-answer-the-study-of-the-function-of-the-body---Greek-"relationship-to-nature"
Pathology---correct-answer-the-study-of-disease
Levels-of-organization---correct-answer-
atom>molecules>cells>tissues>organs>systems>organisms
Characteristics-of-life---correct-answer-metabolism---living-organisms-use-oxygen-to-release-the-
energy-stored-in-food-(oxidative-metabolism)
Responsiveness---living-organisms-respond-to-their-environment
Homeostasis---living-organisms-remain-within-certain-limits
Organization---living-organisms-have-varying-degrees-of-organization-(layers,-tissues,-organs)
Reproduction---living-things-have-the-ability-to-produce
Growth---living-organisms-will-grow
Name-the-five-(5)-body-cavities---correct-answer-two-main-cavities---dorsal-&-ventral
Dorsal:
Cranial-cavity
Spinal-cavity
Ventral:
Thoracic-cavity
Abdominal-cavity
Pelvic-cavity
Planes-of-the-body---correct-answer-frontal-(coronal)-plane---divides-the-body-into-anterior-and-
posterior-sections
Sagittal-plane---divides-the-body-into-left-and-right-sections
Transverse-(horizontal)-plane---dives-the-body-into-superior-and-interior-sections
,Describe-the-anatomical-position-and-know-the-directional-terms---correct-answer-anatomical-
position:
Body-is-upright
Standing-erect
Head-level,-eyes-forward-chin-level
Arms-at-sides,-palms-forward-(thumbs-lateral)
Feet-flat,-directed-forward,-shoulder-width-apart
Directional-terms---describe-body-directions---correct-answer-superior---a-part-above-another-
part
Directional-terms---describe-body-directions---correct-answer-inferior---a-part-is-below-another-
part
Directional-terms---describe-body-directions---correct-answer-anterior-(ventral)---means-towards-
the-front
Directional-terms---describe-body-directions---correct-answer-posterior-(dorsal)---means-
towards-the-back
Directional-terms---describe-body-directions---correct-answer-medial---an-imaginary-midline-
dividing-the-body-into-equal-right-and-left-halves
Directional-terms---describe-body-directions---correct-answer-lateral---towards-the-side,-away-
from-midline-(ears-are-lateral-to-the-yes)
Directional-terms---describe-body-directions---correct-answer-proximal---a-part-closer-to-a-point-
of-attachment-to-the-trunk-than-another-body-part-(elbow-is-proximal-to-the-wrist)
Directional-terms---describe-body-directions---correct-answer-distal---is-the-opposite-of-proximal.-
It-means-a-particular-body-part-is-farther-from-a-point-of-attachment-to-the-trunk.-(the-fingers-are-
distal-to-the-wrist)
Directional-terms---describe-body-directions---correct-answer-cranial-(cephalic)-and-caudal---tail-
side
Directional-terms---describe-body-directions---correct-answer-prone---lying-face-down
Directional-terms---describe-body-directions---correct-answer-supine---face-up
, Directional-terms---describe-body-directions---correct-answer-superficial---near-the-surface-(the-
epidermis-is-the-superficial-layer-of-the-skin)
Directional-terms---describe-body-directions---correct-answer-deep---more-internal-parts-(the-
dermis-is-the-deep-layer-of-the-skin)
Anabolism---correct-answer-metabolic-building-of-simple-compounds
Into-more-complex-substances-needed-by-the-body
Anatomical-position---correct-answer-body-is-upright
Standing-erect
Head-level,-eyes-forward-chin-level
Arms-at-sides,-palms-forward-(thumbs-lateral)
Feet-flat,-directed-forward,-shoulder-width-apart
Anatomy---correct-answer-study-of-body-structure
Catabolism---correct-answer-metabolic-breakdown-of-substances-into-simpler-substances;-
includes-digestion-of-food-and-the-oxidation-of-nutrient-molecules-for-energy
Cell---correct-answer-basic-unit-of-life
Disease---correct-answer-illness;-abnormal-state-in-which-part-of-or-all-of-the-body-does-not-
function-properly
Extracellular-fluid---correct-answer-fluid-outside-the-cell
Homeostasis---correct-answer-state-of-balance-within-the-body;-maintenance-of-body-conditions-
within-set-limits
Intracellular-fluid---correct-answer-fluid-within-the-cell
Metabolism---correct-answer-all-the-physical-and-chemical-processes-by-which-an-organism-is-
maintained
Negative-feedback---correct-answer-self-regulating-system-in-which-the-result-of-an-action-
reverses-that-action;-a-method-for-keeping-body-conditions-within-normal-range-and-maintaining-
homeostasis
& ANSWERS.
Chapter 1:
Anatomy---correct-answer-the-study-of-the-structure-of-the-body
Physiology---correct-answer-the-study-of-the-function-of-the-body---Greek-"relationship-to-nature"
Pathology---correct-answer-the-study-of-disease
Levels-of-organization---correct-answer-
atom>molecules>cells>tissues>organs>systems>organisms
Characteristics-of-life---correct-answer-metabolism---living-organisms-use-oxygen-to-release-the-
energy-stored-in-food-(oxidative-metabolism)
Responsiveness---living-organisms-respond-to-their-environment
Homeostasis---living-organisms-remain-within-certain-limits
Organization---living-organisms-have-varying-degrees-of-organization-(layers,-tissues,-organs)
Reproduction---living-things-have-the-ability-to-produce
Growth---living-organisms-will-grow
Name-the-five-(5)-body-cavities---correct-answer-two-main-cavities---dorsal-&-ventral
Dorsal:
Cranial-cavity
Spinal-cavity
Ventral:
Thoracic-cavity
Abdominal-cavity
Pelvic-cavity
Planes-of-the-body---correct-answer-frontal-(coronal)-plane---divides-the-body-into-anterior-and-
posterior-sections
Sagittal-plane---divides-the-body-into-left-and-right-sections
Transverse-(horizontal)-plane---dives-the-body-into-superior-and-interior-sections
,Describe-the-anatomical-position-and-know-the-directional-terms---correct-answer-anatomical-
position:
Body-is-upright
Standing-erect
Head-level,-eyes-forward-chin-level
Arms-at-sides,-palms-forward-(thumbs-lateral)
Feet-flat,-directed-forward,-shoulder-width-apart
Directional-terms---describe-body-directions---correct-answer-superior---a-part-above-another-
part
Directional-terms---describe-body-directions---correct-answer-inferior---a-part-is-below-another-
part
Directional-terms---describe-body-directions---correct-answer-anterior-(ventral)---means-towards-
the-front
Directional-terms---describe-body-directions---correct-answer-posterior-(dorsal)---means-
towards-the-back
Directional-terms---describe-body-directions---correct-answer-medial---an-imaginary-midline-
dividing-the-body-into-equal-right-and-left-halves
Directional-terms---describe-body-directions---correct-answer-lateral---towards-the-side,-away-
from-midline-(ears-are-lateral-to-the-yes)
Directional-terms---describe-body-directions---correct-answer-proximal---a-part-closer-to-a-point-
of-attachment-to-the-trunk-than-another-body-part-(elbow-is-proximal-to-the-wrist)
Directional-terms---describe-body-directions---correct-answer-distal---is-the-opposite-of-proximal.-
It-means-a-particular-body-part-is-farther-from-a-point-of-attachment-to-the-trunk.-(the-fingers-are-
distal-to-the-wrist)
Directional-terms---describe-body-directions---correct-answer-cranial-(cephalic)-and-caudal---tail-
side
Directional-terms---describe-body-directions---correct-answer-prone---lying-face-down
Directional-terms---describe-body-directions---correct-answer-supine---face-up
, Directional-terms---describe-body-directions---correct-answer-superficial---near-the-surface-(the-
epidermis-is-the-superficial-layer-of-the-skin)
Directional-terms---describe-body-directions---correct-answer-deep---more-internal-parts-(the-
dermis-is-the-deep-layer-of-the-skin)
Anabolism---correct-answer-metabolic-building-of-simple-compounds
Into-more-complex-substances-needed-by-the-body
Anatomical-position---correct-answer-body-is-upright
Standing-erect
Head-level,-eyes-forward-chin-level
Arms-at-sides,-palms-forward-(thumbs-lateral)
Feet-flat,-directed-forward,-shoulder-width-apart
Anatomy---correct-answer-study-of-body-structure
Catabolism---correct-answer-metabolic-breakdown-of-substances-into-simpler-substances;-
includes-digestion-of-food-and-the-oxidation-of-nutrient-molecules-for-energy
Cell---correct-answer-basic-unit-of-life
Disease---correct-answer-illness;-abnormal-state-in-which-part-of-or-all-of-the-body-does-not-
function-properly
Extracellular-fluid---correct-answer-fluid-outside-the-cell
Homeostasis---correct-answer-state-of-balance-within-the-body;-maintenance-of-body-conditions-
within-set-limits
Intracellular-fluid---correct-answer-fluid-within-the-cell
Metabolism---correct-answer-all-the-physical-and-chemical-processes-by-which-an-organism-is-
maintained
Negative-feedback---correct-answer-self-regulating-system-in-which-the-result-of-an-action-
reverses-that-action;-a-method-for-keeping-body-conditions-within-normal-range-and-maintaining-
homeostasis
