NR 571 FINAL COMPREHENSIVE EXAMINATION
TEST 2026 SOLVED QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS
◉ First line treatment of pericarditis. Answer: NSAIDs scheduled
q8h
ASA
colchicine x3 months
◉ Last line tx of pericarditis Answer: Corticosteroids only if pt
unable to take NASIDs
◉ Treatment of pericarditis due to MI Answer: Aspirin
NOT NSAIDs or corticosteroids due to impaired cardiac healing
◉ Surgical options for pericarditis Answer: Pericardial window
pericarderectomy
pericardiocentesis
pericardiotomy
◉ Indications for surgical intervention in pericarditis Answer: large
effusion
,recurrent effusions
steroid dependence
restrictive effusions
◉ A 67-year-old patient with a history of bladder cancer presents to
the emergency department with acute dyspnea. Vital signs are T
37.9°C, HR 110, RR 24, BP 89/40, and SaO2 90 %. On physical exam,
he is alert and oriented but appears anxious and has an increased
work of breathing. Lung sounds and heart sounds are normal. There
are no other abnormal physical exam findings except a swollen and
tender left lower extremity. EKG and chest x-ray are normal. Labs
and ABG results are still pending. The AGACNP strongly suspects
acute pulmonary embolism. Which of the following is the next step
in treating this patient?
a. Order bilateral lower extremity venous doppler ultrasound
b. Initiate rapid sequence intubation (RSI) and mechanical
ventilation
c. Order a non-contrast chest CT
d. Provide oxygen, IV fluids, and consider IV vasopressors Answer: d.
Provide oxygen, IV fluids, and consider IV vasopressors
◉ A 56-year-old man presented to the emergency room three hours
ago for acute onset of dyspnea. CT pulmonary angiogram performed
upon admission showed a large, central pulmonary embolism.
Treatment was initiated with subcutaneous low molecular weight
heparin (LMWH) and he was transferred to the ICU for continued
,monitoring. The nurse calls to report that the patient now has a
blood pressure of 78/50 mmHg. His pulse is 120, respiratory rate is
28, and oxygen saturation is 92% on 2 L of oxygen via nasal cannula.
His lungs are clear on auscultation but there is a new grade 2/6
systolic murmur above the left lower sternal border noted. A 1000
mL fluid bolus of LR is administered and the patient's BP initially
improves to 100/65. Which of the following is the next step in the
clinical management of this patient?
a. Continue low molecular weight heparin
b. Switch the patient to a vitamin K antagonists (coumadin)
c. Contact t Answer: c. Contact the interventional radiologist for
catheter delivered thrombolytic therapy
◉ A 54-year-old woman was admitted with COVID-19 pneumonia,
she has no prior medical history or comorbidities. Which of the
following is recommended for hospitalized VTE non-surgical
patients?
a. Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH)
b. Prophylaxis is not needed because the patient is young and has no
risk-factors
c. Mechanical compression boots
d. Direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) Answer: a. Low molecular
weight heparin (LMWH)
◉ Clinical features of acute DVT Answer: hypoechoic
, vein wall thin with smooth lumen
large and distended lumen
spongy compressibility
no collateral veins
competent valves
◉ Clinical features of chronic DVT Answer: echogenic
thin and hyperechoic vein walls
rigid and non-compressible vein walls
collaterals present
incompetent valves
◉ How long will patients be on AC for after VTE? Answer: 3-6
months
◉ Thrombolytic therapy for VTE Answer: Treatment for confirmed
thrombus
Catheter directed admin of thrombolytic drug ( eg. tPA)
Medication dissolves the clot
◉ Treatment for VTE in stable non-comorbid patients Answer:
DOAC such as dabigatran, rivaroxaban, and apixaban
TEST 2026 SOLVED QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS
◉ First line treatment of pericarditis. Answer: NSAIDs scheduled
q8h
ASA
colchicine x3 months
◉ Last line tx of pericarditis Answer: Corticosteroids only if pt
unable to take NASIDs
◉ Treatment of pericarditis due to MI Answer: Aspirin
NOT NSAIDs or corticosteroids due to impaired cardiac healing
◉ Surgical options for pericarditis Answer: Pericardial window
pericarderectomy
pericardiocentesis
pericardiotomy
◉ Indications for surgical intervention in pericarditis Answer: large
effusion
,recurrent effusions
steroid dependence
restrictive effusions
◉ A 67-year-old patient with a history of bladder cancer presents to
the emergency department with acute dyspnea. Vital signs are T
37.9°C, HR 110, RR 24, BP 89/40, and SaO2 90 %. On physical exam,
he is alert and oriented but appears anxious and has an increased
work of breathing. Lung sounds and heart sounds are normal. There
are no other abnormal physical exam findings except a swollen and
tender left lower extremity. EKG and chest x-ray are normal. Labs
and ABG results are still pending. The AGACNP strongly suspects
acute pulmonary embolism. Which of the following is the next step
in treating this patient?
a. Order bilateral lower extremity venous doppler ultrasound
b. Initiate rapid sequence intubation (RSI) and mechanical
ventilation
c. Order a non-contrast chest CT
d. Provide oxygen, IV fluids, and consider IV vasopressors Answer: d.
Provide oxygen, IV fluids, and consider IV vasopressors
◉ A 56-year-old man presented to the emergency room three hours
ago for acute onset of dyspnea. CT pulmonary angiogram performed
upon admission showed a large, central pulmonary embolism.
Treatment was initiated with subcutaneous low molecular weight
heparin (LMWH) and he was transferred to the ICU for continued
,monitoring. The nurse calls to report that the patient now has a
blood pressure of 78/50 mmHg. His pulse is 120, respiratory rate is
28, and oxygen saturation is 92% on 2 L of oxygen via nasal cannula.
His lungs are clear on auscultation but there is a new grade 2/6
systolic murmur above the left lower sternal border noted. A 1000
mL fluid bolus of LR is administered and the patient's BP initially
improves to 100/65. Which of the following is the next step in the
clinical management of this patient?
a. Continue low molecular weight heparin
b. Switch the patient to a vitamin K antagonists (coumadin)
c. Contact t Answer: c. Contact the interventional radiologist for
catheter delivered thrombolytic therapy
◉ A 54-year-old woman was admitted with COVID-19 pneumonia,
she has no prior medical history or comorbidities. Which of the
following is recommended for hospitalized VTE non-surgical
patients?
a. Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH)
b. Prophylaxis is not needed because the patient is young and has no
risk-factors
c. Mechanical compression boots
d. Direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) Answer: a. Low molecular
weight heparin (LMWH)
◉ Clinical features of acute DVT Answer: hypoechoic
, vein wall thin with smooth lumen
large and distended lumen
spongy compressibility
no collateral veins
competent valves
◉ Clinical features of chronic DVT Answer: echogenic
thin and hyperechoic vein walls
rigid and non-compressible vein walls
collaterals present
incompetent valves
◉ How long will patients be on AC for after VTE? Answer: 3-6
months
◉ Thrombolytic therapy for VTE Answer: Treatment for confirmed
thrombus
Catheter directed admin of thrombolytic drug ( eg. tPA)
Medication dissolves the clot
◉ Treatment for VTE in stable non-comorbid patients Answer:
DOAC such as dabigatran, rivaroxaban, and apixaban
