NPS EXAM STUDY GUIDE,
UPDATED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2026/2027
An Apgar Score of 4 indicates
a. a normal infant
b. no depression
c. moderate depression
d. severe depression - Answer-c. moderate depression
An infection in a newborn is more commonly associated with
a. normal body temperature
b. hypothermia
c. hyperthermia
d. decreased oxygen consumption - Answer-B. hypothermia
An L/S ratio of 3:1 indicates
a. a high-risk infant
b. a low incidence of IRDS
c. that respiratory distress will be present
d. an infant who is small for gestational age - Answer-b. a low incidence of IRDS
Which of the following would indicate a normal sweat chloride test?
a. 30 mmol/L
b. 70 mmol/L
,c. 100 mmol/L
d. 150 mmol/L - Answer-a. 30 mmol/L
All of the following could predict a high-risk infant delivery EXCEPT
a. maternal diabetes
b. age of the mother
c. maternal cigarette smoking
d. appropriate prenatal care - Answer-d. appropriate prenatal care
All of the following are transplacental infections, EXCEPT
a. gonorrhea
b. rubella (german measles)
c. syphillis
d. cytomegalovirus (CMV) - Answer-a. gonorrhea
The treatment for toxemia includes
1.bed rest, 2. diet, 3. salt restriction
a. 1 only
b. 2 only
c. 1 and 2
d. 1, 2, and 3 - Answer-d 1, 2, and 3
Which method of anesthetic administration could induce respiratory depression in an infant?
a. local
b. epidural
,c. general
d. spinal - Answer-c. general
Transient tachypnea of the newborn typically occurs as a result of
a. delayed removal of fetal lung fluid
b. a pneumothorax
c. a low-birth weight infant
d. hyperglycemia - Answer-a. delayed removal of fetal lung fluid
Normal fetal heart rate is
a. 80-100/minute
b. 100-120/minute
c. 110-160/minute
d. 160-200/minute - Answer-c. 110-160/minute
Prolonged rupture of the amniotic membranes may result in
a. neonatal sepsis
b. meconium aspiration
c. persistant fetal circulation
d. jaundice - Answer-a. neonatal sepsis
The Dubowitz method is used to determine the
a. degree of respiratory distress
b. gestational age of the newborn
c. need for resuscitation
, d. presence of maternal antibodies - Answer-b. gestation age of the newborn
Periodic breathing is defined by
a. cessation of breathing for more than 10 seconds
b. episodes of apnea less than 10 seconds alternating with normal breathing
c. rapid deep breathing alternating with normal breathing
d. shallow breathing alternating with deep rapid breathing - Answer-b. episodes of apnea less than 10
seconds alternating with normal breathing
Pre and post-ductal blood gas studies are performed to evaluate
a. right-to-left shunting
b. left-to-right shunting
c. neonatal jaundice
d. coarctation of aorta - Answer-a. right-to-left shunting
What is the most accurate site for monitoring body temperature in the newborn?
a. tympanic
b. rectal
c. skin
d. axillary - Answer-c. skin
When clubbing of the fingers or toes is present
a. the fingers or toes become enlarged due to acute hypoxia
b. loss of mobility occurs in the finger or toes due to hypercarbia
c. the angle of the nail bed is increased
d. polycythemia due to heart disease is also present - Answer-c. the angle of the nail bed is increased
UPDATED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2026/2027
An Apgar Score of 4 indicates
a. a normal infant
b. no depression
c. moderate depression
d. severe depression - Answer-c. moderate depression
An infection in a newborn is more commonly associated with
a. normal body temperature
b. hypothermia
c. hyperthermia
d. decreased oxygen consumption - Answer-B. hypothermia
An L/S ratio of 3:1 indicates
a. a high-risk infant
b. a low incidence of IRDS
c. that respiratory distress will be present
d. an infant who is small for gestational age - Answer-b. a low incidence of IRDS
Which of the following would indicate a normal sweat chloride test?
a. 30 mmol/L
b. 70 mmol/L
,c. 100 mmol/L
d. 150 mmol/L - Answer-a. 30 mmol/L
All of the following could predict a high-risk infant delivery EXCEPT
a. maternal diabetes
b. age of the mother
c. maternal cigarette smoking
d. appropriate prenatal care - Answer-d. appropriate prenatal care
All of the following are transplacental infections, EXCEPT
a. gonorrhea
b. rubella (german measles)
c. syphillis
d. cytomegalovirus (CMV) - Answer-a. gonorrhea
The treatment for toxemia includes
1.bed rest, 2. diet, 3. salt restriction
a. 1 only
b. 2 only
c. 1 and 2
d. 1, 2, and 3 - Answer-d 1, 2, and 3
Which method of anesthetic administration could induce respiratory depression in an infant?
a. local
b. epidural
,c. general
d. spinal - Answer-c. general
Transient tachypnea of the newborn typically occurs as a result of
a. delayed removal of fetal lung fluid
b. a pneumothorax
c. a low-birth weight infant
d. hyperglycemia - Answer-a. delayed removal of fetal lung fluid
Normal fetal heart rate is
a. 80-100/minute
b. 100-120/minute
c. 110-160/minute
d. 160-200/minute - Answer-c. 110-160/minute
Prolonged rupture of the amniotic membranes may result in
a. neonatal sepsis
b. meconium aspiration
c. persistant fetal circulation
d. jaundice - Answer-a. neonatal sepsis
The Dubowitz method is used to determine the
a. degree of respiratory distress
b. gestational age of the newborn
c. need for resuscitation
, d. presence of maternal antibodies - Answer-b. gestation age of the newborn
Periodic breathing is defined by
a. cessation of breathing for more than 10 seconds
b. episodes of apnea less than 10 seconds alternating with normal breathing
c. rapid deep breathing alternating with normal breathing
d. shallow breathing alternating with deep rapid breathing - Answer-b. episodes of apnea less than 10
seconds alternating with normal breathing
Pre and post-ductal blood gas studies are performed to evaluate
a. right-to-left shunting
b. left-to-right shunting
c. neonatal jaundice
d. coarctation of aorta - Answer-a. right-to-left shunting
What is the most accurate site for monitoring body temperature in the newborn?
a. tympanic
b. rectal
c. skin
d. axillary - Answer-c. skin
When clubbing of the fingers or toes is present
a. the fingers or toes become enlarged due to acute hypoxia
b. loss of mobility occurs in the finger or toes due to hypercarbia
c. the angle of the nail bed is increased
d. polycythemia due to heart disease is also present - Answer-c. the angle of the nail bed is increased
