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NURS540 – A+ Pharmacology Exam 1 2026 | High-Yield Multiple Choice Questions with Detailed Rationales

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NURS540 – A+ Pharmacology Exam 1 2026 | High-Yield Multiple Choice Questions with Detailed Rationales 1. The study of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion is known as A. pharmacotherapeutics B. pharmacodynamics C. pharmacokinetics D. pharmacy E. posology - C answer 2. The medical situation when a particular drug should not be administered is referred to as A. side effect B. adverse effect C. drug allergy D. contraindication E. antagonism - D answer 3. An unusual or unexpected drug reaction by an individual is known as A. toxic effect B. antagonism C. idiosyncrasy D. side effect E. drug allergy - C answer 4. The proprietary drug name supplied by a pharmaceutical company is also referred to as the A. generic name B. over-the-counter name C. trade name D. chemical name E. none of these - C answer 5. The time from drug administration to the first observable drug effect is known as the A. duration of action B. onset of action C. ceiling effect D. maximal response E. ceiling effect - B answer 6. A drug that has the potential for abuse and is regulated by the Drug Enforcement Agency is classified as a A. poison B. OTC drug C. prescription drug D. controlled substance E. nonproprietary drug - D answer 7. Select the term below that relates to the amount of drug administered to produce a therapeutic effect. A. posology B. toxicology C. pharmacodynamics D. pharmacotherapeutics E. pharmacy - A answer 8. A medication that does not require a physician's service to obtain is referred to as A. trade B. nonproprietary C. nonprescription D. brand E. generic - C answer 9. Which of the following could be categorized as an adverse reaction? A. idiosyncrasy B. drug allergy C. teratogenicity D. carcinogenicity E. all of these - E answer 10. The time a drug continues to produce its effect is its A. ED50 B. maximal response C. ceiling effect D. onset of action E. duration of action - E answer . The drug administration route demonstrating the slowest onset of action is A. inhalation B. transdermal C. intramuscular D. sublingual E. intravenous - B answer In order for drugs to cross the blood-brain barrier, they must be A. ionized B. positively charged C. water soluble D. lipid soluble E. negatively charged - D answer 13. First-pass metabolism refers to the metabolism of drugs in the A. kidney B. blood vessels C. liver D. heart E. adipose tissue - C answer 14. Drug X has a half-life of 6 hours. How much drug is left in the body 18 hours after an IV injection of 1200 milligrams (mg)? - B answer 15. Drugs that have demonstrated teratogenic effects in women are classified as Pregnancy Category

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Depression - Mental health condition causing persistent sadness.

answer ✅Tracheostomy care - Procedure to maintain airway and prevent infection.

answer ✅Occupational therapist - Specialist assisting with daily living activities.

answer ✅IV PCA - Intravenous patient-controlled analgesia for pain management.

answer ✅Endotracheal suctioning - Clearing airway secretions via suctioning technique.

answer ✅Assault - Threatening behavior causing fear of harm.

answer ✅NG tube - Nasogastric tube for feeding or medication administration.

answer ✅Postmortem care - Care provided to a deceased patient.

answer ✅Osteoporosis risk - Factors increasing likelihood of bone density loss.

answer ✅Pressure injury prevention - Strategies to avoid skin breakdown in immobile patients.

answer ✅Osteoporosis prevention - Recommendations to maintain bone health and strength.

answer ✅Restraints - Devices used to limit patient movement for safety.

answer ✅Blood transfusion assessment - Monitoring for adverse reactions during transfusion.

answer ✅Lower back injury repositioning - Techniques to safely move patients with back injuries.

answer ✅Hydrochlorothiazide - Diuretic medication for managing heart failure.

answer ✅Fall risk management - Strategies to prevent falls in at-risk patients.

answer ✅Cardiovascular disease risk - Factors increasing likelihood of heart-related conditions.

answer ✅Terminal illness - Condition with no expectation of recovery.

answer ✅Packed RBCs - Red blood cells concentrated for transfusion.

answer ✅Emergency consent - Obtaining permission for treatment without patient consent.

, answer ✅Heparin administration - Injecting anticoagulant to prevent blood clots.

answer ✅Pain rating scale - 0 to 10 scale for assessing pain intensity.

answer ✅Hydrogen peroxide - Antiseptic used for cleaning wounds or skin.

answer ✅High-Fowler's position - Sitting position at 60-90 degrees for comfort.

answer ✅Skin assessment - Evaluating skin condition for signs of injury.

answer ✅Epinephrine - Medication for severe allergic reactions or anaphylaxis.

answer ✅Diuretic - Medication that promotes urine production.

answer ✅Continuous tube feeding - Nutritional support delivered steadily via tube.

answer ✅Bony prominences - Areas of the body where bones are close to skin.

answer ✅Inject - Administer medication 5.1 cm from umbilicus.

answer ✅Air bubble - Expel before injecting medication to ensure accuracy.

answer ✅Tracheostomy ties - Secure with space for three fingers underneath.

answer ✅Anthropometric assessment - Includes weight, orientation, pain level, respiratory rate.

answer ✅Medication prescription - Clarify dose, time, medication, and route.

answer ✅Postoperative findings - Report surgical incision separation to provider first.

answer ✅Immobility effects - Perform ankle and knee exercises hourly.

answer ✅Dysphagia - Intervene if client drinks thickened juice with straw.

answer ✅Negligence - Blood transfusion without consent is negligent.

answer ✅Blood pressure reading - Recheck BP in other arm for comparison.

answer ✅Chronic illness adaptation - Client expresses comfort with others cooking.

answer ✅Family system change - Indicated by a young adult's close relationship.

answer ✅Atelectasis position - Place client right lateral in Trendelenburg position.

answer ✅Fluid volume excess - Dependent edema indicates fluid overload.

answer ✅Home safety - Intervene if area rug covers tile floor.

answer ✅Dysphagia medication administration - Administer medications one at a time.

answer ✅Medication administration record - Compare label when removing and before
administering.

answer ✅Wound irrigation - Use a syringe with a catheter for irrigation.

answer ✅Stroke assessment - Priority finding is frequent coughing while eating.

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