NAZISM
How did the Weimar Republic fail?
(a) It began with serious disadvantages
1. Acceptance of the Versailles Treaty:
The Weimar Republic accepted the humiliating and unpopular Versailles
Treaty, which included arms limitations, reparations, and a war-guilt
clause.
It was therefore always associated with defeat and dishonour.
German nationalists could never forgive the republic for this association.
2. Lack of Respect for Democratic Government:
There was a traditional lack of respect for democratic government and a
great admiration for the army and the 'officer class' as the rightful leaders of
Germany.
In 1919, the widespread view was that the army had not been defeated but
betrayed and 'stabbed in the back' by the democrats who had needlessly
agreed to the Versailles Treaty.
Most Germans did not realize that General Ludendorff had asked for an
armistice while the Kaiser was still in power.
The 'stab in the back' legend was eagerly fostered by all enemies of the
republic.
3. Weaknesses of the Parliamentary System:
The parliamentary system introduced in the Weimar constitution had
weaknesses, the most serious being that it was based on proportional
representation.
GERMANY: THE RISE OF NAZISM 1