NR 602 Primary Care Final Exam Prep 2026 Chamberlain College
1. A 9-month-old infant is brought in for a well-child visit. Which developmental
milestone is most appropriate for this age?
A. Walking independently
B. Tying shoelaces
C. Speaking in 3-word sentences
D. Using a pincer grasp to pick up small objects
Answer: D
Rationale: By 9 months, infants typically develop the pincer grasp. Walking usually occurs
around 12 months, and complex sentences occur much later.
2. Which of the following is a classic clinical finding in a child with Epiglottitis?
A. Barking cough
B. Steeple sign on X-ray
C. Wheezing and productive cough
D. Drooling and tripod positioning
Answer: D
Rationale: Epiglottitis is a medical emergency characterized by drooling, dysphagia, and
respiratory distress (tripod position). Barking cough is associated with Croup.
,3. What is the first-line antibiotic treatment for an uncomplicated urinary tract
infection in a non-pregnant woman?
A. Doxycycline
B. Ciprofloxacin
C. Ceftriaxone
D. Nitrofurantoin (Macrobid)
Answer: D
Rationale: Nitrofurantoin is recommended as first-line therapy for uncomplicated cystitis.
Fluoroquinolones like Ciprofloxacin are reserved for more complex cases.
4. According to the ACOG, at what age should routine cervical cancer screening
(Pap smear) begin for an average-risk woman?
A. At the onset of sexual activity
B. Age 21
C. Age 18
D. Age 25
Answer: B
Rationale: Routine Pap smears should begin at age 21, regardless of the age of onset of
sexual activity, according to most guidelines including ACOG.
5. A 4-year-old child presents with a ‘slapped-cheek’ rash and a lacy reticular
rash on the extremities. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Roseola
B. Scarlet Fever
C. Measles
D. Erythema Infectiosum (Fifth Disease)
Answer: D
Rationale: Fifth disease, caused by Parvovirus B19, typically presents with a slapped-
cheek appearance followed by a lacy body rash.
, 6. Which of the following is the most common cause of secondary amenorrhea?
A. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
B. Pituitary Adenoma
C. Hypothyroidism
D. Pregnancy
Answer: D
Rationale: Pregnancy is the most common cause of secondary amenorrhea and should
always be ruled out first.
7. In the treatment of Pediatric Asthma, what is the preferred medication for
‘quick relief’ during an acute exacerbation?
A. Inhaled Corticosteroid
B. Long-Acting Beta-Agonist (LABA)
C. Oral Prednisone
D. Short-Acting Beta-Agonist (SABA)
Answer: D
Rationale: SABAs like Albuterol are the standard for rapid bronchodilation during acute
asthma symptoms.
8. A 2-week-old newborn has a yellowish tint to the skin. The total bilirubin is 12
mg/dL. The infant is breastfeeding well. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Biliary Atresia
B. Physiological Jaundice
C. Breast Milk Jaundice
D. Rh Incompatibility
Answer: C
Rationale: Breast milk jaundice typically occurs in the second week of life and is benign if
the infant is otherwise healthy and gaining weight.
1. A 9-month-old infant is brought in for a well-child visit. Which developmental
milestone is most appropriate for this age?
A. Walking independently
B. Tying shoelaces
C. Speaking in 3-word sentences
D. Using a pincer grasp to pick up small objects
Answer: D
Rationale: By 9 months, infants typically develop the pincer grasp. Walking usually occurs
around 12 months, and complex sentences occur much later.
2. Which of the following is a classic clinical finding in a child with Epiglottitis?
A. Barking cough
B. Steeple sign on X-ray
C. Wheezing and productive cough
D. Drooling and tripod positioning
Answer: D
Rationale: Epiglottitis is a medical emergency characterized by drooling, dysphagia, and
respiratory distress (tripod position). Barking cough is associated with Croup.
,3. What is the first-line antibiotic treatment for an uncomplicated urinary tract
infection in a non-pregnant woman?
A. Doxycycline
B. Ciprofloxacin
C. Ceftriaxone
D. Nitrofurantoin (Macrobid)
Answer: D
Rationale: Nitrofurantoin is recommended as first-line therapy for uncomplicated cystitis.
Fluoroquinolones like Ciprofloxacin are reserved for more complex cases.
4. According to the ACOG, at what age should routine cervical cancer screening
(Pap smear) begin for an average-risk woman?
A. At the onset of sexual activity
B. Age 21
C. Age 18
D. Age 25
Answer: B
Rationale: Routine Pap smears should begin at age 21, regardless of the age of onset of
sexual activity, according to most guidelines including ACOG.
5. A 4-year-old child presents with a ‘slapped-cheek’ rash and a lacy reticular
rash on the extremities. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Roseola
B. Scarlet Fever
C. Measles
D. Erythema Infectiosum (Fifth Disease)
Answer: D
Rationale: Fifth disease, caused by Parvovirus B19, typically presents with a slapped-
cheek appearance followed by a lacy body rash.
, 6. Which of the following is the most common cause of secondary amenorrhea?
A. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
B. Pituitary Adenoma
C. Hypothyroidism
D. Pregnancy
Answer: D
Rationale: Pregnancy is the most common cause of secondary amenorrhea and should
always be ruled out first.
7. In the treatment of Pediatric Asthma, what is the preferred medication for
‘quick relief’ during an acute exacerbation?
A. Inhaled Corticosteroid
B. Long-Acting Beta-Agonist (LABA)
C. Oral Prednisone
D. Short-Acting Beta-Agonist (SABA)
Answer: D
Rationale: SABAs like Albuterol are the standard for rapid bronchodilation during acute
asthma symptoms.
8. A 2-week-old newborn has a yellowish tint to the skin. The total bilirubin is 12
mg/dL. The infant is breastfeeding well. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Biliary Atresia
B. Physiological Jaundice
C. Breast Milk Jaundice
D. Rh Incompatibility
Answer: C
Rationale: Breast milk jaundice typically occurs in the second week of life and is benign if
the infant is otherwise healthy and gaining weight.
