NUR 353 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026

NUR 353 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026 A 55-year-old female presents to the outpatient clinic describing irregular menstrual periods and hot flashes. Which information should the nurse share with the patient? The patient should stop regular exercise because that is probably causing these symptoms. Those symptoms are abnormal when a woman undergoes the climacteric. An assessment is not really needed because these problems are normal for older women. The patient's assessment points toward normal menopause. - Answers Normal menopause A 50-year-old male patient is seen in the clinic. He tells a nurse that he has recently lost his job and his wife of 26 years has asked for a divorce. He has a flat affect. Family history reveals that his father committed suicide at the age of 53. The nurse assesses for the following: Iron deficiency anemia Sexually transmitted infection Cardiovascular disease Depression - Answers Depression A nurse determines that a middle-aged patient is a typical example of the "sandwich generation." What did the nurse discover the patient is caught between? Job responsibilities or family responsibilities Stopping old habits and starting new ones Advancing in career or retiring Caring for children and aging parents - Answers Children & aging parents A nurse is preparing a health promotion course for a group of middle adults. Which of the following strategies should the nurse recommend? (select all that apply.) Decrease intake of calcium supplements Eye examination every 1-3 years Dexascan screening for osteoporosis Screening for depressive disorders - Answers All but decreased intake of Ca Upon assessment of a middle-aged adult, the nurse observes uneven weight bearing and decreased range of joint motion. Which area is priority? Abuse potential Fall Precautions Stroke prevention Self-esteem issues - Answers Fall precautions What is the major component of life transitions in the older adult? a. change b. increased happiness c. loss d. independence - Answers c loss Life transitions, of which loss is a major component, include retirement and the associated financial changes, changes in roles and relationships, alterations in health and functional ability, changes in one's social network, and relocation. p. 180 Potter The suicide rate of which group is the highest in the United States? a. Black females over the age of 85 b. Black males over the age of 85 c. White females over the age of 85 d. White males over the age of 85 - Answers d In fact, white men age 85 and older have the highest suicide rate in the United States (National Institute of Mental Health, n.d.Links to an external site.). Potter p. 179 An older adult who is subject to threats, insults, harassment and isolation is receiving what kind of mistreatment? a. physical abuse b. financial exploitation c. psychosocial/emotional abuse d. self-neglect - Answers c psycho/emotional These are verbal and nonverbal acts that inflict mental pain, anguish and distress. Potter p. 188 An example of therapeutic touch for the older age group includes all of the following except: a. Touching their arm b. Standing close to another c. Patting someone on the head d. Reaching to hold someone's hand - Answers c patting p. 188 Potter, do not use touch in a condescending manner such as patting an older adult on the head. Forgetfulness is an expected consequence of aging. True False - Answers false Forgetfulness as an expected consequence of aging is a myth. Potter p. 179 What primary prevention measures are appropriate to implement to maintain optimum mobility? SATA a. Fall prevention measures b. Optimal nutrition c. Regular physical activity d. Mobile mammography e. PSA testing - Answers abc. fall prevention, regular physical activity, and optimal nutrition The nurse will instruct the patient with a fractured left radius that the cast will need to remain in place: a. For at least 3 weeks b. Until x-rays show incomplete bony union. c. Until swelling of the wrist has resolved d. For several months - Answers a. for at least 3 weeks A patient with a fracture of the left femoral neck has Buck's traction in place while waiting for surgery. To assess for pressure areas on the patient's back and sacral area and to provide skin care, the nurse should: a. Have the patient lift the buttocks slightly by using a trapeze over the bed b. Place a pillow between the patient's legs and turn gently to each side c. Loosen the traction and help the patient turn onto the unaffected side d. Turn the patient partially to each side with the assistance of another nurse - Answers a. have the patient lift buttocks slighty A patient with a right lower leg fracture will be discharged home with an external fixation device in place. Which information will the nurse teach? a. "Check and clean the pin insertion sites daily." b. "Remove the external fixator for your shower." c. "Remain on bed rest until bone healing is complete." d. "Take prophylactic antibiotics until the fixator is removed." - Answers a. check and clean pin insertion sites After a motorcycle accident, a patient arrives in the emergency department with severe swelling of the left lower leg. Which action will the nurse take first? a. Apply a compression bandage b. Assess leg pulses and sensation c. Elevate the leg on 2 pillows d. Place ice packs on the lower leg - Answers b. assess leg pulses and sensation The nurse planning to assess the structure of a family should ask which question? a. "Who lives with you in this home?" b. "Who does the grocery shopping?" c. "Who provides support in your family?" d. "How old are the members of your family?" - Answers a When reviewing the purposes of a family assessment, the nurse educator would identify a need for further teaching if the student responded that family assessment is used to gain an understanding of which aspect of the family? a. Development b. Function c. Political views d. Structure - Answers c Which of the following is an advantage to using a plaster cast instead of a fiberglass (synthetic) cast? a. Lightweight b. Water resistent c. Dries quickly d. Molds closely to body parts - Answers d. molds Which of the following statements is correct regarding the difference between children and adults in relation to fractures? a. Children heal faster than in adults b. The most common fractures in children is of the femur c. The younger the child the greater the risk is for fractures d. Children require a longer period of time of immobilization - Answers a. faster Which of the following would be included in a teaching plan for a Pavlik harness? (Select all that apply) a. Limit holding of the infant to avoid improper hip alignment b. Place diaper outside of the straps to maintain proper alignment c. Use the straps to hold the child upright d. Gently message skin under straps daily to stimulate circulation e. Check skin every 8 hours under the straps for red areas - Answers de. check and massage Which of the following would be included in a plan to teach parents about hip spica cast? a. Children who require spica cast will experience gross motor delays for the rest of their lives. b. Hip spica cast will need to be changed every 6 weeks. c. After the final cast is removed, no other treatment is required. d. The spica cast is typically used for at least one year. - Answers b. 6 weeks Which of the following is a manifestation of osteomyleitis? a. Tachycardia b. Intermittent pain c. Fatigue d. Decrease temperature - Answers a. tachycardia The nurse is caring for a patient in hospice. The nurse notes that the patient is getting adequate care, but the spouse is not sleeping well. The nurse also assesses the need for better family nutrition and meals assistance. The nurse discusses these needs with the patient and family and develops a plan of care with them using community resources. Which approach is the nurse using? a. Family as system b. Family as patient c. Family as caregiver d. Family as context - Answers a. system A nurse is working with a patient. When the nurse asks about family members, the patient states that it includes my spouse, children, and aunt and uncle. How will the nurse describe this type of family? a. Extended b. Alternative c. Nuclear d. Blended - Answers a. extended A nurse is caring for a patient who needs constant care in the home setting and for whom most of the care is provided by the patient's family. Which action should the nurse take to help relieve stress? a. Focus primarily on the patient. b. Point out weaknesses. c. Provide education. d. Encourage caregiver to do as much as possible. - Answers c. education The Calgary Family Assessment Model (CFAM) is used to: a. Assess for physical abuse amongst family members b. Assess a family's structure, development, and function c. Assess alcohol abuse of family members d. Assess co-dependency of family members - Answers b. structure function development "Interelationships between and among individual family members", is the definition of: a. Family dynamics b. Family interactions c. Individual family relationships d. Interpersonal relationships - Answers a. dynamics At the age of 35 and above, which is the leading cause of death? - Answers Accidents At the age of 45 and above, which is the leading cause of death? - Answers Cancer and then heart disease Total cholesterol level should be kept under what? - Answers 200 mg/dl Total sodium level should be kept under what? What about for people at risk? - Answers 2300 mg/dl If at risk — 1500 mg/dl What are adequate levels of calcium intake? What about if it is a menopausal woman who is not taking estrogen? - Answers Above 1000 mg/day Menopausal + no estrogen — needs above 1500 mg/dl How much vitamin d is needed daily? - Answers 600 IU/day Colonoscopies should begin at the age of _____ - Answers 50 (think dad) Mammograms should begin at the age of _____ - Answers 35-40 (think beginning of middle adulthood) Lipid profiles should start at age of ____ - Answers 35 (think beginning of middle adulthood) What is the most important health concern for middle adults? - Answers 1. Promote health 2. Stress education Young old adulthood spans which age range? - Answers 65-75 Middle old adulthood spans which age range? - Answers 75-85 Old old adulthood spans which age range? - Answers 85-100 T/F: decreased insulin sensitivity is not an expected age change - Answers False. It is expected! Case: older adult wants to stay home instead of going to care facility Solution? - Answers Contact case managers. They can (1) set up home safety inspection (2) meal delivery services (3) necessary treatment like oxygen set up at home What are some ANNUAL check ups for OLDER adults? - Answers 1. Dental 2. Sensory: (a) hearing (b) eye exam 3. Cancer prevention: fecal occult blood test 4. Digital rectal and PSA for men 5. DEXA scan for osteoporosis 6. Mental health: periodic screening for depression 7. Medical What are check ups done every THREE years for OLDER adults? - Answers Diabetes and cholesterol! Adult immunizations that are needed! - Answers 1. Influenza 2. Pneumococcal Is physical activity a good or bad intervention for OLDER adults with sleep issues? - Answers Good! Which of these is an UNEXPECTED physical change for OLDER adults: SATA A. Decreased visual acuity B. Decreased color discrimination C. Increased pupil size D. Decreased peripheral vision E. Decreased reaction time F. Unchanged sexual interest - Answers C. E. What two things ensure an older adult's passage of the integrity vs despair erickson stage? - Answers 1. They are satisfied with the wholeness of their live (decisions, accomplishments) 2. They perceive death as an acceptable completion of life (accept cycle of life) What fluid changes occur due to immobility? (3) - Answers 1. Hypotension 2. Fluid buildup in lungs 3. Edema What GU changes occur due to immobility? (2) - Answers 1. Urinary retention/incontinence 2. UTI 3. Renal calculi What integumentary changes occur due to immobility? (3) - Answers 1. Less blood-flow to skin 2. Infection 3. Skin breakdown What scan is used to see metastatic bone cancer? - Answers Bone scan What scan allows the visualization of the spinal cord discs by using contrast dye? - Answers Myelogram. Look for problems in the spinal canal, especially if back pain At which age should women begin to get osteoporosis screening? How often should they get this test? - Answers Above 65 Every 15 years Morse Fall Risk Assessment - Answers Hx of falls within last 3 months IV/Saline Lock Secondary Diagnosis Gait/transferring Ambulatory Aid Mental Status Bedrest/Nurse Assistance Oriented to own ability Crutches/Cane/Walker Forgets limitations Furniture Total Score No Risk= 0-24 Low Risk=25-50 High Risk = 50 TUG assesment: walk ____ feet away from chair. Should take less than 12 seconds! - Answers 10 feet How often should you turn (reposition) an immobilized patient? - Answers Every hour! T/F: immobilized patient should not be weight bearing or practice ROM exercises because of increased risk for injury - Answers False. Weight bearing (if possible) and ROM help! What is another word for anatomic realignment? - Answers Reduction What is needed for closed reduction? - Answers Traction and countertraction What is needed for open reduction? - Answers Internal fixation Early ambulation is easier with (open/closed) reduction - Answers Open (surgery) T/F: use blow dryer on cool setting to speed plaster cast drying process - Answers False. Only use cool blow dryer to help itchiness! T/F: Apply ice for the first 24 hours after a fracture on plaster cast - Answers True Elevate cast above the heart for the first _____ hours after getting a cast - Answers 48 If compartment syndrome is suspected, what should you NEVER do? - Answers Elevating extremity above the heart Which type of fixation needs pins to hold bones in place? - Answers External Traction can be as light as 5 pounds and as heavy as ____ pounds - Answers 45 When a patient has traction, what should NEVER happen? - Answers Weights in the floor Skin traction: - short vs long term - light vs heavy - (tapes boot splint) vs (pin wire weights) - Answers - short term: 48-72 hours (2-3 days) - light: 5-10 pounds - tape, boot, splint Skeletal traction: - short vs long term - light vs heavy - (tapes boot splint) vs (pin wire weights) - Answers - long term - heavy: 5-45 pounds - pin, wire, and weights Biggest problem with skin traction? - Answers Skin breakdown Biggest problem with skeletal traction? - Answers Complications of immobility Ps of compartment syndrome: - Answers 1. Pain and pressure 2. Pulselessness 3. Paresthesia 4. Paralysis 5. Pallor Ischemia and tissue death during compartment syndrome can occur as early as ___ to ___ hours after onset - Answers 4 to 8 T/F: Do NOT use ice on patients with compartment syndrome - Answers True. Even less blood flow Symptoms of FES occur _____ to _____ hours after injury - Answers 24 to 48 hours (rapid and ACUTE) What is a major issue with FES? - Answers If emboli gets to lungs, it can cause hemorrhagic interstitial pneumonitis How to identify FES: - Answers 1. Petechiae (little red dots) 2. Feeling of impending disaster 3. Pallor or cyanosis QUICKLY 4. Comatose Tests that confirm FES - Answers 1. Fat cells in blood, urine, sputum 2. Oxygen less than 60mmHg 3. Decreased platelets and hematocrit 4. Increased ESR 5. Chest X-ray with BILATERAL pulmonary infiltrates Nursing interventions of FES - Answers 1. Immobilizing fracture 2. Coughing and deep breathing exercises 3. Administer O2 or intubation or positive pressure ventilation Who has the highest suicide rate in the US (male)? A. Adolescents B. Young adults C. Middle adults D. Young old adults E. Middle old adults F. Old old adults - Answers F. Old old adults (men above 85 yo) A plaster splint is applied with an elastic bandage to the leg of a patient with a fractured tibia in preparation for open reduction and internal fixation. The patient complains of increasing pain in the affected leg and foot that is not relieved by loosening of the elastic bandage. The most appropriate action by the nurse is to - Answers Perform neurovascular assessment of the foot. A patient has a severely sprained ankle from a sports injury. What should the nurse teach the patient prior to discharge from the urgent care center? - Answers Apply cold for 20 to 30 minutes with breaks of 10 to 15 minutes during the first 2 days. Skeletal maturity in girls occur when? - Answers 2 years after their menarche starts Healing for neonates takes how long? - Answers 2-3 weeks Healing in childhood takes how long? - Answers 4-6 weeks Healing in adolescence takes how long? - Answers 8-10 weeks T/F: For kids in late childhood, traction and internal fixation is needed - Answers False, internal fixation is not needed How long does a plaster of paris take to dry? - Answers 24-48 hours How long does a synthetic cast take to dry? - Answers 5-30 minutes How often to turn cast during drying process? - Answers Every TWO hours T/F: to assist drying cast, use lamp - Answers False, no lamp or dryer or aid whatsoever except for air Two good signs of healthy cast? - Answers 1. Hollow sound 2. Cool to touch Instructions for kids who will get cast removed: (3) - Answers 1. Use therapeutic play 2. Teach child it will tickle and feel hot 3. Remove and cleanse with soap and water mildly For babies 0-6 months, how long will it take for the Pavlik harness to stabilize the hip joint? - Answers 3-6 months For infants 6-18 months, what does DDH management look like? (2) - Answers 1. Traction (1b. Maybe open reduction) 2. Hip spica cast For older children, what does DDH management look like? (2) - Answers 1. Traction 2. Open reduction cut contracted muscles, build acetabulum 3. Rehab It is not advisable to do surgery for children with DDH above which age? - Answers 6 years Pavlik's harness must be checked how often for adjustment? - Answers Every 1-2 weeks Should Pavlik's harness straps be loosened to put on soft thin clothing underneath? Should Pavlik's velcro bands on foot stirrups be loosened to put on long socks? Should Pavlik's harness be loosened to change diaper? - Answers No to clothing (keep tight) Yes to socks (loosen). Loosen stirrupts one at a time No to diaper (keep tight)