APHY101 ANATOMY/PHYSIOLOGY
MIDTERM STUDY GUIDE EXAM| 2026
ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE WITH
250 QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED
VERIFIED ANSWERS (BRAND
NEW!!)/ ALREADY GRADED A+
1. Explain the difference between the study of Anatomy and the study of
Physiology - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - Anatomy is the study of
structure of body parts/Physiology is the study of function of body parts
2. Name and define the levels of organization of life - CORRECT ANSWER
✅✅ - Organelles, cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems
3. Define Metabolism - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - The sum of all
physical and chemical events that obtain, release, and utilize energy
4. Define Homeostasis. How does a homeostatic mechanism maintain
homeostasis? - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - The body's maintenance of a
stable internal environment.
Depend on normal concentrations of water, nutrients, and oxygen, and
normal body temperature and pressure
5. What is meant by negative feedback? How does negative feedback affect
homeostatic mechanisms? - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - Works to
correct a deviation from a set point (Tries to get back to the set
point/normal)
,6. Describe the structure of a serous membrane - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅
- Smooth membrane consisting of 2 layers of epithelial cells which secrete
serous fluid
7. What are signs of aging at the cellular level? - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅
- Impaired cell division and the ability to break down and recycle worn cell
parts
8. What is meant by anatomical position? - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ -
Universal body position: Standing erect, facing forward, upper limbs at the
sides, palms facing forward and thumbs out.
9. Explain why chemistry is an important part of the study of Physiology -
CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - Body functions depend on cellular functions
that, in turn, result from chemical changes
10.Atom - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - The smallest unit of matter that
defines the chemical elements
11.Element - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - Fundamental substances in which
all matter is composed of
12.Molecule - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - 2 or more atoms may combine to
form a molecule
13.Compound - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - A substance made from two or
more elements chemically combined
,14.Name the bulk elements of the body - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ -
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Sulfur, and Phosphorus
15.What do atomic number and atomic weight of an atom represent? -
CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - Atomic Number is the number of protons in
the atoms of a particular element/Atomic Weight is the number of protons
plus the number of neutrons in each of an element's atoms
16.Define Ion. How do we indicate in a molecular formula if an atom is an ion?
- CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - Ions are atoms that gain or lose electrons
and become electrically charged
17.Isotope - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - An isotope is an atom that have the
same atomic numbers but different atomic weights
18.Distinguish between types of chemical reactions: Synthesis, Decomposition,
Exchange, and Reversible - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ -
19.Electrolyte - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - An electrolyte is a substance
that produces an electrically conducting solution when dissolved in water.
20.Acid - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - Acids are electrolytes that dissociate
the release hydrogen ions in water
21.Base - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - A compound that produces hydroxide
ions when dissolved in water
, 22.Neutral compound - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - Occurs when ions of
opposite charges attract one another to form electrically neutral compounds.
23.How are acid and bases represented on the pH scale? - CORRECT
ANSWER ✅✅ - Any pH number greater than 7 is considered a base and
any pH number less than 7 is considered an acid. 0 is the strongest acid and
14 is the strongest base.
24.How do hydrogen ion concentrations change as the numbers change? -
CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - As the hydrogen concentration increases, the
pH decreases
25.What is Acidosis? Alkalosis? - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - Acidosis =
pH less than 7.35
Alkalosis =pH rise in the blood
26.What distinguishes an organic compound from an inorganic compound? -
CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - Organic compounds result from the activity
of living beings, whereas inorganic compounds are either the result of
natural processes unrelated to any life form or the result of human
experimentation in the laboratory
27.Give examples and characteristics of the 4 types of Organic Molecules -
CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - 1) Carbohydrate: Immediate source of
energy for organisms. Ex: Monosaccharides, simple sugars.
2) Lipids: Stored energy for later use in organisms, insulation, and protection
of delicate organs. Ex: Fats, oils, triglycerides.
MIDTERM STUDY GUIDE EXAM| 2026
ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE WITH
250 QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED
VERIFIED ANSWERS (BRAND
NEW!!)/ ALREADY GRADED A+
1. Explain the difference between the study of Anatomy and the study of
Physiology - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - Anatomy is the study of
structure of body parts/Physiology is the study of function of body parts
2. Name and define the levels of organization of life - CORRECT ANSWER
✅✅ - Organelles, cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems
3. Define Metabolism - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - The sum of all
physical and chemical events that obtain, release, and utilize energy
4. Define Homeostasis. How does a homeostatic mechanism maintain
homeostasis? - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - The body's maintenance of a
stable internal environment.
Depend on normal concentrations of water, nutrients, and oxygen, and
normal body temperature and pressure
5. What is meant by negative feedback? How does negative feedback affect
homeostatic mechanisms? - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - Works to
correct a deviation from a set point (Tries to get back to the set
point/normal)
,6. Describe the structure of a serous membrane - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅
- Smooth membrane consisting of 2 layers of epithelial cells which secrete
serous fluid
7. What are signs of aging at the cellular level? - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅
- Impaired cell division and the ability to break down and recycle worn cell
parts
8. What is meant by anatomical position? - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ -
Universal body position: Standing erect, facing forward, upper limbs at the
sides, palms facing forward and thumbs out.
9. Explain why chemistry is an important part of the study of Physiology -
CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - Body functions depend on cellular functions
that, in turn, result from chemical changes
10.Atom - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - The smallest unit of matter that
defines the chemical elements
11.Element - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - Fundamental substances in which
all matter is composed of
12.Molecule - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - 2 or more atoms may combine to
form a molecule
13.Compound - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - A substance made from two or
more elements chemically combined
,14.Name the bulk elements of the body - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ -
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Sulfur, and Phosphorus
15.What do atomic number and atomic weight of an atom represent? -
CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - Atomic Number is the number of protons in
the atoms of a particular element/Atomic Weight is the number of protons
plus the number of neutrons in each of an element's atoms
16.Define Ion. How do we indicate in a molecular formula if an atom is an ion?
- CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - Ions are atoms that gain or lose electrons
and become electrically charged
17.Isotope - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - An isotope is an atom that have the
same atomic numbers but different atomic weights
18.Distinguish between types of chemical reactions: Synthesis, Decomposition,
Exchange, and Reversible - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ -
19.Electrolyte - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - An electrolyte is a substance
that produces an electrically conducting solution when dissolved in water.
20.Acid - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - Acids are electrolytes that dissociate
the release hydrogen ions in water
21.Base - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - A compound that produces hydroxide
ions when dissolved in water
, 22.Neutral compound - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - Occurs when ions of
opposite charges attract one another to form electrically neutral compounds.
23.How are acid and bases represented on the pH scale? - CORRECT
ANSWER ✅✅ - Any pH number greater than 7 is considered a base and
any pH number less than 7 is considered an acid. 0 is the strongest acid and
14 is the strongest base.
24.How do hydrogen ion concentrations change as the numbers change? -
CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - As the hydrogen concentration increases, the
pH decreases
25.What is Acidosis? Alkalosis? - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - Acidosis =
pH less than 7.35
Alkalosis =pH rise in the blood
26.What distinguishes an organic compound from an inorganic compound? -
CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - Organic compounds result from the activity
of living beings, whereas inorganic compounds are either the result of
natural processes unrelated to any life form or the result of human
experimentation in the laboratory
27.Give examples and characteristics of the 4 types of Organic Molecules -
CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅ - 1) Carbohydrate: Immediate source of
energy for organisms. Ex: Monosaccharides, simple sugars.
2) Lipids: Stored energy for later use in organisms, insulation, and protection
of delicate organs. Ex: Fats, oils, triglycerides.
