WGU - D313 - ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM PRACTICE TEST
WITH EVALUATED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2026
1. Where is the heart positioned? Choose 2 answers: it is superior to the diaphragm
it is medial to the lungs
2. What is the cardiac muscle of the heart?: myocardium
3. Which chamber of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs?: left
atrium
4. The mitral (bicuspid) valve is between which chambers of the heart?: left atrium
and left ventricle
5. Which of the following valves is not found in the heart?: ileocecal valve
6. Semilunar valves have 2 crescent-shaped cusps (T/F): False
7. Which valve lies between the left ventricle and left aorta?: aortic valve
8. The four heart valves prevents the backflow of blood (T/F): True
9. Which structure prevents blood from flowing back into the atria on each
side?: tricuspid and bicuspid valve
10. Which structure is responsible for the sound of the human heartbeat?: valves
11. Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left
atrium?: pulmonary veins
12. Where are the elastic arteries located?: near the heart
13. Medium veins do not have internal or elastic laminae and, therefore, are not
able to withstand high pressure (T/F): True
14. Which of the following types of veins contain valves?: medium veins
15. Veins generally have very thick walls in relation to their diameter, with large
lumen (T/F): False
16. Which statements are true about veins? Choose 2 answers: they are more numerous
than arteries
they lack smooth muscle
17. Using this equation NFP = (BHP + IFOP) - (BCOP + IFHP), what change
,in the net filtration would one expect with an increase of blood hydrostatic
pressure?: increase
18. When would an active transport mechanism be necessary?: when a substance must
be moved against its concentration gradient
19. Which blood vessel has a very small diameter and is involved in the circula-
tion of blood to the capillaries?: arteriole
, 20. Which blood vessel has the structural characteristics of both an arteriole and
a capillary?: metarteriole
21. Which type of artery has more smooth muscle content and less elastic
fibers?: muscular artery
22. Which type of capillaries has small pores present within them?: fenestrated
capillaries
23. How are arteries different than veins?: arteries carry blood away from the heart
24. From which part of the aorta does the coronary arteries branch off?: ascending
aorta
25. What is unique about the pulmonary veins?: they are the only veins that contain oxygenated
blood
26. Which blood vessel brings blood that is filtered through the hepatic portal
system back to the heart?: inferior vena cava
27. Blood from the digestive organs is transported to the liver by which vessel?-
: the portal vein
28. The liver has many functions: removes bacteria
removes many toxins from the blood
uses blood from digestive system for nutrient metabolism
29. The ductus venosus is a shunt that allows mostly oxygenated blood from the
placenta to flow into the fetal heart by bypassing which organ?: the liver
30. Which structures carry blood to the heart?: veins
31. What is the function of superior vena cava?: it helps in collecting all the deoxygenated blood
32. Which structure carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs?: -
pulmonary artery
33. How is the portal vein different from the hepatic vein?: the portal vein enters the liver
34. What is the ductus venosus? Choose 2 answers: it is a small vessel
it connects the umbilical vein to the fetal inferior vena cava
35. What are the three branches of the aorta?: ascending, descending, and aortic arch
36. The right and left common carotid arteries both branch from the brachio-
cephalic trunk? (T/F): false
37. Arteries serving the stomach, pancreas, and liver branch from which artery?-
: celiac trunk
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM PRACTICE TEST
WITH EVALUATED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2026
1. Where is the heart positioned? Choose 2 answers: it is superior to the diaphragm
it is medial to the lungs
2. What is the cardiac muscle of the heart?: myocardium
3. Which chamber of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs?: left
atrium
4. The mitral (bicuspid) valve is between which chambers of the heart?: left atrium
and left ventricle
5. Which of the following valves is not found in the heart?: ileocecal valve
6. Semilunar valves have 2 crescent-shaped cusps (T/F): False
7. Which valve lies between the left ventricle and left aorta?: aortic valve
8. The four heart valves prevents the backflow of blood (T/F): True
9. Which structure prevents blood from flowing back into the atria on each
side?: tricuspid and bicuspid valve
10. Which structure is responsible for the sound of the human heartbeat?: valves
11. Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left
atrium?: pulmonary veins
12. Where are the elastic arteries located?: near the heart
13. Medium veins do not have internal or elastic laminae and, therefore, are not
able to withstand high pressure (T/F): True
14. Which of the following types of veins contain valves?: medium veins
15. Veins generally have very thick walls in relation to their diameter, with large
lumen (T/F): False
16. Which statements are true about veins? Choose 2 answers: they are more numerous
than arteries
they lack smooth muscle
17. Using this equation NFP = (BHP + IFOP) - (BCOP + IFHP), what change
,in the net filtration would one expect with an increase of blood hydrostatic
pressure?: increase
18. When would an active transport mechanism be necessary?: when a substance must
be moved against its concentration gradient
19. Which blood vessel has a very small diameter and is involved in the circula-
tion of blood to the capillaries?: arteriole
, 20. Which blood vessel has the structural characteristics of both an arteriole and
a capillary?: metarteriole
21. Which type of artery has more smooth muscle content and less elastic
fibers?: muscular artery
22. Which type of capillaries has small pores present within them?: fenestrated
capillaries
23. How are arteries different than veins?: arteries carry blood away from the heart
24. From which part of the aorta does the coronary arteries branch off?: ascending
aorta
25. What is unique about the pulmonary veins?: they are the only veins that contain oxygenated
blood
26. Which blood vessel brings blood that is filtered through the hepatic portal
system back to the heart?: inferior vena cava
27. Blood from the digestive organs is transported to the liver by which vessel?-
: the portal vein
28. The liver has many functions: removes bacteria
removes many toxins from the blood
uses blood from digestive system for nutrient metabolism
29. The ductus venosus is a shunt that allows mostly oxygenated blood from the
placenta to flow into the fetal heart by bypassing which organ?: the liver
30. Which structures carry blood to the heart?: veins
31. What is the function of superior vena cava?: it helps in collecting all the deoxygenated blood
32. Which structure carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs?: -
pulmonary artery
33. How is the portal vein different from the hepatic vein?: the portal vein enters the liver
34. What is the ductus venosus? Choose 2 answers: it is a small vessel
it connects the umbilical vein to the fetal inferior vena cava
35. What are the three branches of the aorta?: ascending, descending, and aortic arch
36. The right and left common carotid arteries both branch from the brachio-
cephalic trunk? (T/F): false
37. Arteries serving the stomach, pancreas, and liver branch from which artery?-
: celiac trunk
