WGU D574 NEUROPSYCHOLOGY OA
COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE 2026 FULL
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
• Bipolar cells:.
Answer: Eye neurons that receive information from the retinal cells and
distribute information to the ganglion cells.
• Neurons.
Answer: Specialized cells for transmitting electrical signals.
• Color Constancy.
Answer: Ability to recognize colors despite changes in lighting.
• Color Vision Deficiency.
Answer: Difficulty to distinguish colors.
• Sensory neurons.
Answer: Transmit sensory information to the brain and spinal cord.
• Cones.
Answer: Retinal receptor cells responsible for color vision and bright lights.
• Dark Current.
Answer: Resting potential of rods.
• Ganglion Cells.
Answer: In the retina: receive visual stimuli from bipolar cells and sends
them to the brain through optic nerve.
• Light Adaptation.
Answer: Retinal adjustment to bright light conditions by decreasing
sensitivity of rods and cones.
• Motor neurons.
Answer: Carry commands from the brain to muscles and glands.
,• Interneurons.
Answer: Communicate between sensory and motor neurons.
• Glial Cells.
Answer: Support neurons with structure, nutrients, and insulation.
• Astrocytes.
Answer: Support and nourish neurons; maintain blood-brain barrier.
• Oligodendrocytes.
Answer: Form myelin in the central nervous system.
• Photoreceptors.
Answer: Retinal cells that contains photopigments
• Retina.
Answer: Visual receptor that receives light projection and visual information
is processed.
• Rods.
Answer: Retinal receptors that allow vision in low light, and detects shades
of light and dark, no color.
• Trichromatic Theory.
Answer: Describes how the retina processes cones. Color vision comes from
three cone types and all other colors are combination of their activity.
• Schwann cells.
Answer: Form myelin in the peripheral nervous system.
• Visual Receptors.
Answer: Retinal rods and cones that detect light and convert it into neural
signals.
• Microglia.
Answer: Act as the brain's immune system, cleaning up debris.
• Astigmatism.
Answer: Irregular curvature of cornea or lens causes blurred vision
, condition.
• Blindsight.
Answer: Ability to respond to visual information without conscious
perception.
• Central Nervous System (CNS).
Answer: Includes brain and spinal cord; processes sensory information.
• Peripheral Nervous System (PNS).
Answer: Composed of sensory and motor neurons outside the CNS.
• Binocular Vision.
Answer: Ability to perceive a single visual image from both eyes.
• Somatic nervous system.
Answer: Controls voluntary movements of skeletal muscles.
• Cortical Plasticity.
Answer: Brain's ability to recognize and adapt its structure in response to
environmental changes or sensory input.
• Feature detectors.
Answer: Visual cortex neurons that respond to specific patterns in the visual
field.
• Autonomic nervous system.
Answer: Controls involuntary functions like heart rate and digestion.
• Lateral Inhibition.
Answer: Reduced neural cell activity due to activity in neighboring neurons.
• Parvocellular Neurons.
Answer: Small cell bodies with small receptive fields that detects visual
details and colors.
• Primary Visual Cortex.
Answer: Occipital lobe: processes basic visual information like edges,
orientation, and motion.
COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE 2026 FULL
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
• Bipolar cells:.
Answer: Eye neurons that receive information from the retinal cells and
distribute information to the ganglion cells.
• Neurons.
Answer: Specialized cells for transmitting electrical signals.
• Color Constancy.
Answer: Ability to recognize colors despite changes in lighting.
• Color Vision Deficiency.
Answer: Difficulty to distinguish colors.
• Sensory neurons.
Answer: Transmit sensory information to the brain and spinal cord.
• Cones.
Answer: Retinal receptor cells responsible for color vision and bright lights.
• Dark Current.
Answer: Resting potential of rods.
• Ganglion Cells.
Answer: In the retina: receive visual stimuli from bipolar cells and sends
them to the brain through optic nerve.
• Light Adaptation.
Answer: Retinal adjustment to bright light conditions by decreasing
sensitivity of rods and cones.
• Motor neurons.
Answer: Carry commands from the brain to muscles and glands.
,• Interneurons.
Answer: Communicate between sensory and motor neurons.
• Glial Cells.
Answer: Support neurons with structure, nutrients, and insulation.
• Astrocytes.
Answer: Support and nourish neurons; maintain blood-brain barrier.
• Oligodendrocytes.
Answer: Form myelin in the central nervous system.
• Photoreceptors.
Answer: Retinal cells that contains photopigments
• Retina.
Answer: Visual receptor that receives light projection and visual information
is processed.
• Rods.
Answer: Retinal receptors that allow vision in low light, and detects shades
of light and dark, no color.
• Trichromatic Theory.
Answer: Describes how the retina processes cones. Color vision comes from
three cone types and all other colors are combination of their activity.
• Schwann cells.
Answer: Form myelin in the peripheral nervous system.
• Visual Receptors.
Answer: Retinal rods and cones that detect light and convert it into neural
signals.
• Microglia.
Answer: Act as the brain's immune system, cleaning up debris.
• Astigmatism.
Answer: Irregular curvature of cornea or lens causes blurred vision
, condition.
• Blindsight.
Answer: Ability to respond to visual information without conscious
perception.
• Central Nervous System (CNS).
Answer: Includes brain and spinal cord; processes sensory information.
• Peripheral Nervous System (PNS).
Answer: Composed of sensory and motor neurons outside the CNS.
• Binocular Vision.
Answer: Ability to perceive a single visual image from both eyes.
• Somatic nervous system.
Answer: Controls voluntary movements of skeletal muscles.
• Cortical Plasticity.
Answer: Brain's ability to recognize and adapt its structure in response to
environmental changes or sensory input.
• Feature detectors.
Answer: Visual cortex neurons that respond to specific patterns in the visual
field.
• Autonomic nervous system.
Answer: Controls involuntary functions like heart rate and digestion.
• Lateral Inhibition.
Answer: Reduced neural cell activity due to activity in neighboring neurons.
• Parvocellular Neurons.
Answer: Small cell bodies with small receptive fields that detects visual
details and colors.
• Primary Visual Cortex.
Answer: Occipital lobe: processes basic visual information like edges,
orientation, and motion.
