PORTH'S ESSENTIALS OF
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
5TH EDITION
• AUTHOR(S)TOMMIE L. NORRIS
TEST BANK
1) Concept of health
Reference: Ch. 1 — Concepts of Health and Disease — Health
Concept
Question:
A nurse is teaching a client with well-controlled type 1 diabetes
who reports, “I cannot be healthy because I have a chronic
disease.” Which response best reflects the concept of health?
The client has stable blood glucose levels, follows the treatment
plan, and works full-time without symptoms. The nurse wants
,to emphasize that health is broader than the absence of
disease.
A. “Health means you have no diagnosed disease.”
B. “Health can include adaptation and effective functioning
despite chronic illness.”
C. “Health is determined only by normal laboratory values.”
D. “Health is the same as complete physical strength and
endurance.”
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct: Health is not limited to the absence of disease; it also
includes physical, mental, and social well-being and the ability
to function and adapt. A person with a chronic condition may
still experience a high level of health if disease is controlled and
life roles are maintained.
Incorrect: A is too narrow because disease can coexist with
health. C reduces health to labs alone, which ignores function
and well-being. D incorrectly equates health with fitness rather
than a broader state of well-being.
Teaching Point: Health includes function and adaptation, not
just the absence of a diagnosis.
Citation: Norris, T. L. (2019). Porth’s Essentials of
Pathophysiology (5th ed.). Ch. 1.
2) Health despite chronic illness
,Reference: Ch. 1 — Concepts of Health and Disease — Health-
Disease Continuum
Question:
A client with stable heart failure attends cardiac rehabilitation,
follows a low-sodium diet, and reports no dyspnea at rest.
Which interpretation best fits the concept of health?
A. The client is not healthy because heart failure is present.
B. The client is healthy because symptoms are fully absent.
C. The client may still be considered healthy if function and
adaptation are preserved.
D. The client is healthy only if the ejection fraction returns to
normal.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Correct: Health is a dynamic continuum, and people can
function well and adapt even with chronic disease. Effective
self-management and preserved roles support health even
when pathology remains.
Incorrect: A and B are absolute statements that ignore the
continuum concept. D incorrectly makes a single diagnostic
measure the sole marker of health.
Teaching Point: Chronic disease does not automatically equal
absence of health.
Citation: Norris, T. L. (2019). Porth’s Essentials of
Pathophysiology (5th ed.). Ch. 1.
, 3) Incidence
Reference: Ch. 1 — Health and Disease in Populations —
Incidence
Question:
During a school screening week, a nurse identifies 12 students
who developed new cases of conjunctivitis in a class of 240
students. Which measure is the nurse describing?
A. Incidence
B. Prevalence
C. Mortality
D. Case fatality rate
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct: Incidence measures new cases that occur during a
specified time period. Because these are newly identified cases
during a screening week, incidence is the best term.
Incorrect: B includes all existing cases at a point or interval in
time, not just new ones. C measures deaths, and D measures
the proportion of cases who die from the disease.
Teaching Point: New cases over time = incidence.
Citation: Norris, T. L. (2019). Porth’s Essentials of
Pathophysiology (5th ed.). Ch. 1.
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
5TH EDITION
• AUTHOR(S)TOMMIE L. NORRIS
TEST BANK
1) Concept of health
Reference: Ch. 1 — Concepts of Health and Disease — Health
Concept
Question:
A nurse is teaching a client with well-controlled type 1 diabetes
who reports, “I cannot be healthy because I have a chronic
disease.” Which response best reflects the concept of health?
The client has stable blood glucose levels, follows the treatment
plan, and works full-time without symptoms. The nurse wants
,to emphasize that health is broader than the absence of
disease.
A. “Health means you have no diagnosed disease.”
B. “Health can include adaptation and effective functioning
despite chronic illness.”
C. “Health is determined only by normal laboratory values.”
D. “Health is the same as complete physical strength and
endurance.”
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct: Health is not limited to the absence of disease; it also
includes physical, mental, and social well-being and the ability
to function and adapt. A person with a chronic condition may
still experience a high level of health if disease is controlled and
life roles are maintained.
Incorrect: A is too narrow because disease can coexist with
health. C reduces health to labs alone, which ignores function
and well-being. D incorrectly equates health with fitness rather
than a broader state of well-being.
Teaching Point: Health includes function and adaptation, not
just the absence of a diagnosis.
Citation: Norris, T. L. (2019). Porth’s Essentials of
Pathophysiology (5th ed.). Ch. 1.
2) Health despite chronic illness
,Reference: Ch. 1 — Concepts of Health and Disease — Health-
Disease Continuum
Question:
A client with stable heart failure attends cardiac rehabilitation,
follows a low-sodium diet, and reports no dyspnea at rest.
Which interpretation best fits the concept of health?
A. The client is not healthy because heart failure is present.
B. The client is healthy because symptoms are fully absent.
C. The client may still be considered healthy if function and
adaptation are preserved.
D. The client is healthy only if the ejection fraction returns to
normal.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Correct: Health is a dynamic continuum, and people can
function well and adapt even with chronic disease. Effective
self-management and preserved roles support health even
when pathology remains.
Incorrect: A and B are absolute statements that ignore the
continuum concept. D incorrectly makes a single diagnostic
measure the sole marker of health.
Teaching Point: Chronic disease does not automatically equal
absence of health.
Citation: Norris, T. L. (2019). Porth’s Essentials of
Pathophysiology (5th ed.). Ch. 1.
, 3) Incidence
Reference: Ch. 1 — Health and Disease in Populations —
Incidence
Question:
During a school screening week, a nurse identifies 12 students
who developed new cases of conjunctivitis in a class of 240
students. Which measure is the nurse describing?
A. Incidence
B. Prevalence
C. Mortality
D. Case fatality rate
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct: Incidence measures new cases that occur during a
specified time period. Because these are newly identified cases
during a screening week, incidence is the best term.
Incorrect: B includes all existing cases at a point or interval in
time, not just new ones. C measures deaths, and D measures
the proportion of cases who die from the disease.
Teaching Point: New cases over time = incidence.
Citation: Norris, T. L. (2019). Porth’s Essentials of
Pathophysiology (5th ed.). Ch. 1.
