KP RHYTHM INTERPRETATION
ASSESSMENT ACTUAL EXAM PAPER 2026
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ Which method is most accurate when using an ECG to measure HR?.
Answer: Small box method
◍ Action potential in cardiac conducting cells.
Answer: Depolarization: rapid influx of Ca2+Repolarization: outflux of K+
◍ Where can action potential be generated?.
Answer: -Sinus rhythms come from the SA node (Primary/dominant)-
Junctional rhythms come from AV junction (reserve/escape)-Ventricular
rhythms come from the purkinje vibers-Atrial rhythms come from the
internodal pathways
◍ Repolarization is the ....
Answer: recovery of cells to resting state so they can respond to electrical
stimulus
◍ What are the 4 different R-R interval patterns that an EKG can exhibit?.
Answer: 1) Regular2) Irregular3) Regularly irregular4) Irregularly irregular
◍ Strips of ECG paper are ... seconds.
Answer: 6
◍ Sinus rhythms.
Answer: -Come from the sinoatrial (SA) node -Primary/dominant-Normal
pacemaker of the heart-60-100 bmp
◍ Systemic rhythm interpretation: Step 1. Assess regularity.
Answer: Ventricular: -Compare R-R intervalsAtrial:-Compare P-P intervals-
If the rhythm is regular, the intervals will be equal- If the intervals are
, unequal, the rhythm is considered irregular
◍ QRS complex =.
Answer: Ventricular depolarization
◍ ECG Paper: 15 large boxes =.
Answer: 3 seconds
◍ What are the steps to determine EKG rhythms?.
Answer: 1) Identify if R-R interval is regular vs. irregular2) Select proper
method to estimate HR3) Estimate HR4) Identify rhythm using rhythm strip
◍ Ventricular rhythms.
Answer: -Come from purkinje fibers-20-40 bpm
◍ Systemic rhythm interpretation: Step 4. Assess intervals, examine segments.
Answer: Normal ranges:-PR interval: 0.12-0.20 (3-5 small squares)-QRS
complex: less than 0.12 (less than 3 small squares)ST segment: evaluate for
depression or elevation
◍ Electrical conduction- the path of action potential from beginning to end:.
Answer: 1. SA node2. Internodal fibers3. AV node4. Bundle of His5.
Bundle branches6. Purkinje fibers
◍ T wave =.
Answer: Ventricular repolarization
◍ What are the two types of cardiac cells?.
Answer: Myocardial contractile cells (working cells) and myocardial
conducting cells (pacemaker cells)
◍ Myocardial contractile cells give cardiac cells the property of ....
Answer: contractility
◍ What electrolytes must be kept in normal range for proper heart function?.
Answer: Potassium, sodium, and calcium
◍ Absolute refractory period.
Answer: The minimum length of time after an action potential during which
ASSESSMENT ACTUAL EXAM PAPER 2026
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ Which method is most accurate when using an ECG to measure HR?.
Answer: Small box method
◍ Action potential in cardiac conducting cells.
Answer: Depolarization: rapid influx of Ca2+Repolarization: outflux of K+
◍ Where can action potential be generated?.
Answer: -Sinus rhythms come from the SA node (Primary/dominant)-
Junctional rhythms come from AV junction (reserve/escape)-Ventricular
rhythms come from the purkinje vibers-Atrial rhythms come from the
internodal pathways
◍ Repolarization is the ....
Answer: recovery of cells to resting state so they can respond to electrical
stimulus
◍ What are the 4 different R-R interval patterns that an EKG can exhibit?.
Answer: 1) Regular2) Irregular3) Regularly irregular4) Irregularly irregular
◍ Strips of ECG paper are ... seconds.
Answer: 6
◍ Sinus rhythms.
Answer: -Come from the sinoatrial (SA) node -Primary/dominant-Normal
pacemaker of the heart-60-100 bmp
◍ Systemic rhythm interpretation: Step 1. Assess regularity.
Answer: Ventricular: -Compare R-R intervalsAtrial:-Compare P-P intervals-
If the rhythm is regular, the intervals will be equal- If the intervals are
, unequal, the rhythm is considered irregular
◍ QRS complex =.
Answer: Ventricular depolarization
◍ ECG Paper: 15 large boxes =.
Answer: 3 seconds
◍ What are the steps to determine EKG rhythms?.
Answer: 1) Identify if R-R interval is regular vs. irregular2) Select proper
method to estimate HR3) Estimate HR4) Identify rhythm using rhythm strip
◍ Ventricular rhythms.
Answer: -Come from purkinje fibers-20-40 bpm
◍ Systemic rhythm interpretation: Step 4. Assess intervals, examine segments.
Answer: Normal ranges:-PR interval: 0.12-0.20 (3-5 small squares)-QRS
complex: less than 0.12 (less than 3 small squares)ST segment: evaluate for
depression or elevation
◍ Electrical conduction- the path of action potential from beginning to end:.
Answer: 1. SA node2. Internodal fibers3. AV node4. Bundle of His5.
Bundle branches6. Purkinje fibers
◍ T wave =.
Answer: Ventricular repolarization
◍ What are the two types of cardiac cells?.
Answer: Myocardial contractile cells (working cells) and myocardial
conducting cells (pacemaker cells)
◍ Myocardial contractile cells give cardiac cells the property of ....
Answer: contractility
◍ What electrolytes must be kept in normal range for proper heart function?.
Answer: Potassium, sodium, and calcium
◍ Absolute refractory period.
Answer: The minimum length of time after an action potential during which
