Test Bank for Pharmacology Clear and Simple A Guide to Drug
Classifications and Dosage Calculations 4th Edition Watkins
Chapter 1. History of Pharmacology
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The Greek word pharmakon means which of the following?
a. Medicine
b. Poison
c. Remedy
d. Medicine, poison, and remedy
ANS: D
Rationale: The word pharmakon refers to the curing of
illness, thus meaning medicine and remedy, as well as poison because early medicines
were toxic enough to kill a patient or enemy.
PTS: 1 DIF: Easy TOP: Unit 1: Introduction to Pharmacology
KEY: History
2. The Dutch word droog means which of the following?
a. Drop
b. Drug
c. Dry
d. Dirge
ANS: C
Rationale: Droog, which means “dry,” is the origin of the word drug, such as in the use of dry
herbs as medications.
PTS: 1 DIF: Intermediate TOP: Unit 1: Introduction to Pharmacology
KEY: History
3. Most ancient societies treated illness based on which of the following?
a. Visions received by medicine men
b. Trial and error
c. Religion
d. Animal sacrifice
ANS: B
Rationale: Ancient societies had little knowledge of how the human body worked;
therefore, treating illness was often based on trial and error.
PTS: 1 DIF: Intermediate TOP: Unit 1: Introduction to Pharmacology
KEY: History
4. Early records show that pharmacological treatments consisted of which of the following?
a. Plants
b. Minerals
c. Animal products
d. Plants, minerals, and animal products
ANS: D
Rationale: Early records show that plants, minerals, and animal products were the only
, sources available; therefore, they were the only things used.
PTS: 1 DIF: Easy TOP: Unit 1: Introduction to Pharmacology
KEY: History
5. What did the Chinese document The Yellow Emperor's Inner Classic discuss for the first
time?
a. Yin and yang
b. Acupuncture
c. Meditation
d. Yin and yang and acupuncture
ANS: D
Rationale: This was a very early document discussing yin and yang and acupuncture.
PTS: 1 DIF: Intermediate TOP: Unit 1: Introduction to Pharmacology
KEY: History
6. The first Chinese manual on pharmacology included 365 medicines and was written in
which of the following centuries?
a. 1st century CE
b. 2nd century CE
c. 3rd century CE
d. 4th century CE
ANS: A
Rationale: The first Chinese manual on pharmacology was written in the 1st century CE
and included 365 medicines, 252 of which were herbs.
PTS: 1 DIF: Easy TOP: Unit 1: Introduction to Pharmacology
KEY: History
7. The Ebers Papyrus is which of the following?
a. An Iranian medical text written approximately 400 BCE
b. An Egyptian medical document written approximately 1550 BCE
c. An Eskimo medical paper written approximately 750 BCE
d. A Roman medical document written approximately 600 BCE
ANS: B
Rationale: The Ebers Papyrus is an Egyptian medical document that was written circa 1550
BCE and lists about 700 “recipes” for a host of illnesses, from crocodile bites to psychiatric
illnesses.
PTS: 1 DIF: Easy TOP: Unit 1: Introduction to Pharmacology
KEY: Ebers Papyrus | History
8. The Ebers Papyrus contains which of the following?
a. Recipes for treating a variety of illnesses
2|Page
, b. The first detailed drawing of the human anatomy
c. Journal entries of early healers
d. Death records
ANS: A
Rationale: The Ebers Papyrus is an Egyptian medical document that was written circa 1550
BCE and lists about 700 “recipes” for a host of illnesses, from crocodile bites to psychiatric
illnesses.
PTS: 1 DIF: Intermediate TOP: Unit 1: Introduction to Pharmacology
KEY: Ebers Papyrus | History
9. Al-Razi, an Iranian, wrote a 20-volume medical book named which of the following?
a. Hawi-Al
b. Rad-Mal
c. Al-Hawi
d. Mal-Rad
ANS: C
Rationale: Al-Hawi is a 20-volume medical book written by the Iranian al-Razi. This text
was translated into Latin in the 13th century, greatly influencing medicine in medieval
Europe.
PTS: 1 DIF: Easy TOP: Unit 1: Introduction to Pharmacology
KEY: Al-Hawi | History
10. Examples of healers include allWoWfW
th.eTfoBllSoM
w.inW
gSexcept:
a. Wise men
b. Shamans
c. Medicine men and women
d. Tiki men
e. Witch doctors
ANS: D
Rationale: Healers were known as wise men, shamans, witch doctors, and medicine men
and women.
PTS: 1 DIF: Easy TOP: Unit 1: Introduction to Pharmacology
KEY: History
11. What event marked the beginning of modern pharmacology?
a. Chemists isolating pure chemicals from plants
b. The discovery of microorganisms
c. The ability to create medication in a laboratory setting
d. Mass production of medication
ANS: A
Rationale: During the 1800s, chemists were finally able to isolate the pure chemicals
needed to make medicine from plants, marking the beginning of modern pharmacology.
PTS: 1 DIF: Intermediate TOP: Unit 1: Introduction to Pharmacology
3|Page
, KEY: History
12. The main cause of death of U.S. soldiers during World War I was which of the following?
a. Infection
b. Accidents
c. Combat injuries
d. Infection and accidents
ANS: D
Rationale: More U.S. soldiers died in World War I of infection and accidents than of actual
combat injuries.
PTS: 1 DIF: Intermediate TOP: Unit 1: Introduction to Pharmacology
KEY: History
13. What obstacle needed to be overcome to provide penicillin to soldiers during World War II?
a. The high cost of the drug
b. Transportation of the drug
c. Production of penicillin in large enough quantities
d. Education of doctors about penicillin
ANS: C
Rationale: During World War II, mass production of penicillin began and was able to
provide the antibiotic to the war effort, thus minimizing deaths caused by infection.
PTS: 1 DIF: Intermediate TOP: Unit 1: Introduction to Pharmacology
KEY: History | Penicillin
14. The science of altering the source of drugs, allowing more to be produced or creating
different variations of the source, is known as which of the following?
a. Genetic engineering
b. Pharmacological engineering
c. Medication manipulation
d. Pharmacological harvesting
ANS: A
Rationale: Genetic engineering can alter the source of drugs, allowing more to be produced
or creating different variations of the source.
PTS: 1 DIF: Intermediate TOP: Unit 1: Introduction to Pharmacology
KEY: History | Genetic engineering
15. Pharmacological advances in the 21st century include which of the following?
a. Gene splicing
b. Pharmacogenetics
c. Plant hybrid development
d. Gene splicing, pharmacogenetics, and plant hybrid development
ANS: B
Rationale: In the 21st century, pharmacogenetics studies individual candidate genes to
specifically match medications to the patient through their genetic makeup.
4|Page
Classifications and Dosage Calculations 4th Edition Watkins
Chapter 1. History of Pharmacology
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The Greek word pharmakon means which of the following?
a. Medicine
b. Poison
c. Remedy
d. Medicine, poison, and remedy
ANS: D
Rationale: The word pharmakon refers to the curing of
illness, thus meaning medicine and remedy, as well as poison because early medicines
were toxic enough to kill a patient or enemy.
PTS: 1 DIF: Easy TOP: Unit 1: Introduction to Pharmacology
KEY: History
2. The Dutch word droog means which of the following?
a. Drop
b. Drug
c. Dry
d. Dirge
ANS: C
Rationale: Droog, which means “dry,” is the origin of the word drug, such as in the use of dry
herbs as medications.
PTS: 1 DIF: Intermediate TOP: Unit 1: Introduction to Pharmacology
KEY: History
3. Most ancient societies treated illness based on which of the following?
a. Visions received by medicine men
b. Trial and error
c. Religion
d. Animal sacrifice
ANS: B
Rationale: Ancient societies had little knowledge of how the human body worked;
therefore, treating illness was often based on trial and error.
PTS: 1 DIF: Intermediate TOP: Unit 1: Introduction to Pharmacology
KEY: History
4. Early records show that pharmacological treatments consisted of which of the following?
a. Plants
b. Minerals
c. Animal products
d. Plants, minerals, and animal products
ANS: D
Rationale: Early records show that plants, minerals, and animal products were the only
, sources available; therefore, they were the only things used.
PTS: 1 DIF: Easy TOP: Unit 1: Introduction to Pharmacology
KEY: History
5. What did the Chinese document The Yellow Emperor's Inner Classic discuss for the first
time?
a. Yin and yang
b. Acupuncture
c. Meditation
d. Yin and yang and acupuncture
ANS: D
Rationale: This was a very early document discussing yin and yang and acupuncture.
PTS: 1 DIF: Intermediate TOP: Unit 1: Introduction to Pharmacology
KEY: History
6. The first Chinese manual on pharmacology included 365 medicines and was written in
which of the following centuries?
a. 1st century CE
b. 2nd century CE
c. 3rd century CE
d. 4th century CE
ANS: A
Rationale: The first Chinese manual on pharmacology was written in the 1st century CE
and included 365 medicines, 252 of which were herbs.
PTS: 1 DIF: Easy TOP: Unit 1: Introduction to Pharmacology
KEY: History
7. The Ebers Papyrus is which of the following?
a. An Iranian medical text written approximately 400 BCE
b. An Egyptian medical document written approximately 1550 BCE
c. An Eskimo medical paper written approximately 750 BCE
d. A Roman medical document written approximately 600 BCE
ANS: B
Rationale: The Ebers Papyrus is an Egyptian medical document that was written circa 1550
BCE and lists about 700 “recipes” for a host of illnesses, from crocodile bites to psychiatric
illnesses.
PTS: 1 DIF: Easy TOP: Unit 1: Introduction to Pharmacology
KEY: Ebers Papyrus | History
8. The Ebers Papyrus contains which of the following?
a. Recipes for treating a variety of illnesses
2|Page
, b. The first detailed drawing of the human anatomy
c. Journal entries of early healers
d. Death records
ANS: A
Rationale: The Ebers Papyrus is an Egyptian medical document that was written circa 1550
BCE and lists about 700 “recipes” for a host of illnesses, from crocodile bites to psychiatric
illnesses.
PTS: 1 DIF: Intermediate TOP: Unit 1: Introduction to Pharmacology
KEY: Ebers Papyrus | History
9. Al-Razi, an Iranian, wrote a 20-volume medical book named which of the following?
a. Hawi-Al
b. Rad-Mal
c. Al-Hawi
d. Mal-Rad
ANS: C
Rationale: Al-Hawi is a 20-volume medical book written by the Iranian al-Razi. This text
was translated into Latin in the 13th century, greatly influencing medicine in medieval
Europe.
PTS: 1 DIF: Easy TOP: Unit 1: Introduction to Pharmacology
KEY: Al-Hawi | History
10. Examples of healers include allWoWfW
th.eTfoBllSoM
w.inW
gSexcept:
a. Wise men
b. Shamans
c. Medicine men and women
d. Tiki men
e. Witch doctors
ANS: D
Rationale: Healers were known as wise men, shamans, witch doctors, and medicine men
and women.
PTS: 1 DIF: Easy TOP: Unit 1: Introduction to Pharmacology
KEY: History
11. What event marked the beginning of modern pharmacology?
a. Chemists isolating pure chemicals from plants
b. The discovery of microorganisms
c. The ability to create medication in a laboratory setting
d. Mass production of medication
ANS: A
Rationale: During the 1800s, chemists were finally able to isolate the pure chemicals
needed to make medicine from plants, marking the beginning of modern pharmacology.
PTS: 1 DIF: Intermediate TOP: Unit 1: Introduction to Pharmacology
3|Page
, KEY: History
12. The main cause of death of U.S. soldiers during World War I was which of the following?
a. Infection
b. Accidents
c. Combat injuries
d. Infection and accidents
ANS: D
Rationale: More U.S. soldiers died in World War I of infection and accidents than of actual
combat injuries.
PTS: 1 DIF: Intermediate TOP: Unit 1: Introduction to Pharmacology
KEY: History
13. What obstacle needed to be overcome to provide penicillin to soldiers during World War II?
a. The high cost of the drug
b. Transportation of the drug
c. Production of penicillin in large enough quantities
d. Education of doctors about penicillin
ANS: C
Rationale: During World War II, mass production of penicillin began and was able to
provide the antibiotic to the war effort, thus minimizing deaths caused by infection.
PTS: 1 DIF: Intermediate TOP: Unit 1: Introduction to Pharmacology
KEY: History | Penicillin
14. The science of altering the source of drugs, allowing more to be produced or creating
different variations of the source, is known as which of the following?
a. Genetic engineering
b. Pharmacological engineering
c. Medication manipulation
d. Pharmacological harvesting
ANS: A
Rationale: Genetic engineering can alter the source of drugs, allowing more to be produced
or creating different variations of the source.
PTS: 1 DIF: Intermediate TOP: Unit 1: Introduction to Pharmacology
KEY: History | Genetic engineering
15. Pharmacological advances in the 21st century include which of the following?
a. Gene splicing
b. Pharmacogenetics
c. Plant hybrid development
d. Gene splicing, pharmacogenetics, and plant hybrid development
ANS: B
Rationale: In the 21st century, pharmacogenetics studies individual candidate genes to
specifically match medications to the patient through their genetic makeup.
4|Page
