WGU Patho D236 Test Questions and Answers Rated A
A chromosomal disorder in females in which either an *X
Turner syndrome chromosome* is missing, making the person XO instead
of XX, or part of one X chromosome is deleted.
A human genetic disease caused by a recessive allele for a
dysfunctional enzyme leads to the accumulation of certain
lipids in the brain.
Tay-Sachs Disease
Seizures, blindness, and degeneration of motor and men-
tal performance usually become manifest a few months
after birth, followed by death within a few years.
A condition of mild to severe intellectual disability and
Down syndrome associated physical disorders caused by an extra copy of
chromosome 21
Antidiuretic hormone is not secreted adequately, or the
kidney is resistant to its ettect. The *serum sodium is often
elevated* due to excess free water losses.
Diabetes Insipidus
In diabetes insipidus, your blood glucose levels are nor-
mal, but your kidneys can't properly concentrate urine.
In heart valve disease, one or more of the valves in your
heart doesn't work properly. Regurgitation (or leakage of
the valve). When the valve(s) do not close completely, it
causes blood to flow backward through the valve. This re-
duces forward blood flow and can lead to volume overload
in the heart.
Cardiac Valve Disease Process
Stenosis (or narrowing of the valve). When the valve(s)
opening becomes narrowed, it limits the flow of blood out
of the ventricles or atria. The heart is forced to pump blood
with increased force to move blood through the narrowed
or stitt (stenotic) valve(s).
,WGU Patho D236 Test Questions and Answers Rated A
Heart valve disease can cause many complications, includ-
ing:
* Heart failure.
Cardiac Valve Complications * Stroke.
* Blood clots.
* Heart rhythm abnormalities.
* Death.
*Viral hemorrhagic fevers* are spread by contact with
infected animals or insects. The viruses that cause viral
hemorrhagic fevers live in a variety of animal and insect
hosts.
Respiratory Illness from bats
Most commonly, the hosts include mosquitoes, ticks, ro-
dents, or bats. Some viral hemorrhagic fevers can also be
spread from person to person.
Ditterent types of anemia include:
Anemia due to vitamin B12 deficiency
Anemia due to folate (folic acid) deficiency
Anemia due to iron deficiency
Anemia of chronic disease
Anemia Hemolytic anemia
Idiopathic aplastic anemia
Megaloblastic anemia
Pernicious anemia
Sickle cell anemia
Thalassemia
The kidneys have two main ways to maintain acid-base
balance - their cells reabsorb bicarbonate HCO3− from the
Acid Base Balance - lung and kidney compensation urine back to the blood and they secrete hydrogen H+ ions
into the urine.
, By adjusting the amounts reabsorbed and secreted, they
balance the bloodstream's pH.
Pyelonephritis Inflammation of the renal pelvis and the kidney
Cancer of the prostate gland usually occurs in men mid-
Prostate cancer
dle-aged and older.
Artery response during blood loss.
*Vasoconstriction*
Does cell shrink or swell ?
This condition is inherited in an autosomal dominant pat-
tern , which means one copy of the altered gene in each
cell is suflcient to cause the disorder.
Marfan Syndrome - Autosomal dominant trait
At least 25 percent of Marfan syndrome cases result from
a new mutation in the FBN1 gene
Not having enough *folic acid* during pregnancy is one of
Spina Bifida the most important factors that can increase the chances
of having a child with spina bifida.
Inflammation of a bursa sac. Inflammation of the flu-
Bursitis
id-filled pads (bursae) that act as cushions at the joints.
A sprain occurs when you overextend or tear a ligament
while severely stressing a joint.A strain occurs when ten-
Sprains and Strains
dons (bands at the end of muscles that connect muscles
to bones) get stretched or pulled away from the bone.
Endometriosis
A chromosomal disorder in females in which either an *X
Turner syndrome chromosome* is missing, making the person XO instead
of XX, or part of one X chromosome is deleted.
A human genetic disease caused by a recessive allele for a
dysfunctional enzyme leads to the accumulation of certain
lipids in the brain.
Tay-Sachs Disease
Seizures, blindness, and degeneration of motor and men-
tal performance usually become manifest a few months
after birth, followed by death within a few years.
A condition of mild to severe intellectual disability and
Down syndrome associated physical disorders caused by an extra copy of
chromosome 21
Antidiuretic hormone is not secreted adequately, or the
kidney is resistant to its ettect. The *serum sodium is often
elevated* due to excess free water losses.
Diabetes Insipidus
In diabetes insipidus, your blood glucose levels are nor-
mal, but your kidneys can't properly concentrate urine.
In heart valve disease, one or more of the valves in your
heart doesn't work properly. Regurgitation (or leakage of
the valve). When the valve(s) do not close completely, it
causes blood to flow backward through the valve. This re-
duces forward blood flow and can lead to volume overload
in the heart.
Cardiac Valve Disease Process
Stenosis (or narrowing of the valve). When the valve(s)
opening becomes narrowed, it limits the flow of blood out
of the ventricles or atria. The heart is forced to pump blood
with increased force to move blood through the narrowed
or stitt (stenotic) valve(s).
,WGU Patho D236 Test Questions and Answers Rated A
Heart valve disease can cause many complications, includ-
ing:
* Heart failure.
Cardiac Valve Complications * Stroke.
* Blood clots.
* Heart rhythm abnormalities.
* Death.
*Viral hemorrhagic fevers* are spread by contact with
infected animals or insects. The viruses that cause viral
hemorrhagic fevers live in a variety of animal and insect
hosts.
Respiratory Illness from bats
Most commonly, the hosts include mosquitoes, ticks, ro-
dents, or bats. Some viral hemorrhagic fevers can also be
spread from person to person.
Ditterent types of anemia include:
Anemia due to vitamin B12 deficiency
Anemia due to folate (folic acid) deficiency
Anemia due to iron deficiency
Anemia of chronic disease
Anemia Hemolytic anemia
Idiopathic aplastic anemia
Megaloblastic anemia
Pernicious anemia
Sickle cell anemia
Thalassemia
The kidneys have two main ways to maintain acid-base
balance - their cells reabsorb bicarbonate HCO3− from the
Acid Base Balance - lung and kidney compensation urine back to the blood and they secrete hydrogen H+ ions
into the urine.
, By adjusting the amounts reabsorbed and secreted, they
balance the bloodstream's pH.
Pyelonephritis Inflammation of the renal pelvis and the kidney
Cancer of the prostate gland usually occurs in men mid-
Prostate cancer
dle-aged and older.
Artery response during blood loss.
*Vasoconstriction*
Does cell shrink or swell ?
This condition is inherited in an autosomal dominant pat-
tern , which means one copy of the altered gene in each
cell is suflcient to cause the disorder.
Marfan Syndrome - Autosomal dominant trait
At least 25 percent of Marfan syndrome cases result from
a new mutation in the FBN1 gene
Not having enough *folic acid* during pregnancy is one of
Spina Bifida the most important factors that can increase the chances
of having a child with spina bifida.
Inflammation of a bursa sac. Inflammation of the flu-
Bursitis
id-filled pads (bursae) that act as cushions at the joints.
A sprain occurs when you overextend or tear a ligament
while severely stressing a joint.A strain occurs when ten-
Sprains and Strains
dons (bands at the end of muscles that connect muscles
to bones) get stretched or pulled away from the bone.
Endometriosis
