WGU D312 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY I
OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT ACTUAL FINAL
EXAM 2025/2026 | COMPLETE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES | 100%
VERIFIED <RECENT VERSION >
These glands secrete oils that lubricate and protect the skin. They are holocrine
glands, and they are destroyed after releasing their contents. -
ANSWER Sebaceous Glands
Extracellular material that is produced by the cells embedded in it, containing
ground substance and fibers - ANSWER Matrix
What is the fluid or semi-fluid portion of the matrix in connective tissue? -
ANSWER Ground substance
What type of multipotent adult stem cell can differentiate into various cell types? -
ANSWER Mesenchymal cell
What specialized loose connective tissue is present in the umbilical cord? -
ANSWER Mucous connective tissue
What type of connective tissue supports other tissues and organs of the body? -
ANSWER Connective tissue proper
,What type of connective tissue has loosely organized fibers with large spaces in
between? - ANSWER Loose connective tissue (areolar tissue)
What type of connective tissue is reinforced by bundles of fibers providing tensile
strength, elasticity, and protection? - ANSWER Dense connective tissue
What type of connective tissue provides structure and strength to the body and
protects soft tissues like bones and cartilage? - ANSWER Supportive connective
tissue
What type of specialized cells circulate as a watery fluid in blood and lymph? -
ANSWER Fluid connective tissue
What is the most abundant cell in connective tissue that secretes protein fibers and
matrix into the extracellular space? - ANSWER Fibroblast
What cells store lipids as droplets that fill most of the cytoplasm? -
ANSWER Adipocytes
A type of cartilage, with elastin as the major protein, characterized by rigid
support as well as elasticity - ANSWER Elastic cartilage
What type of muscle tissue is characterized by long cylindrical fibers, striated
appearance, and many peripherally located nuclei, and is responsible for voluntary
movement? - ANSWER Skeletal muscle
,What type of muscle tissue has short, branched, striated fibers with a single central
nucleus and contracts to pump blood? - ANSWER Cardiac muscle
What type of muscle tissue is short, spindle-shaped, with no evident striation, and
is responsible for involuntary movements in the internal organs? -
ANSWER Smooth muscle
What is the term for the muscle cell that develops from myoblasts and is involved
in voluntary movements? - ANSWER Myocyte
What are the specialized cell junctions in cardiac muscle that allow cells to
synchronize their actions? - ANSWER Intercalated discs
What is the involuntary contraction of skeletal muscles in response to perceived
lower than normal body temperature? - ANSWER Shivering
What are the contractile proteins that cause the striated appearance in skeletal and
cardiac muscle cells? - ANSWER Actin and myosin
What is the principal characteristic of cardiomyocytes that allows them to contract
without external stimulation? - ANSWER Intrinsic rhythms
What type of muscle tissue forms the contractile component of the digestive,
urinary, and reproductive systems? - ANSWER Smooth muscle
, What is the function of skeletal muscle in terms of body temperature regulation? -
ANSWER Thermal homeostasis
What type of tissue is characterized by being excitable and capable of sending and
receiving electrochemical signals? - ANSWER Nervous tissue
What are the two main classes of cells that make up nervous tissue? -
ANSWER Neuron and neuroglia
What is the cell body of a neuron, containing the nucleus and mitochondria,
called? - ANSWER Soma
What part of the neuron carries the action potential away to another excitable cell?
- ANSWER Axon
What is the insulating layer formed by accessory cells around the axon called? -
ANSWER Myelin
What is the gap between nerve cells or between a nerve cell and its target, across
which the impulse is transmitted by neurotransmitters? - ANSWER Synapse
What type of neurons have several dendrites and a single prominent axon? -
ANSWER Multipolar neurons
What type of glial cell is abundant in the central nervous system and has a star
shape? - ANSWER Astrocyte
OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT ACTUAL FINAL
EXAM 2025/2026 | COMPLETE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES | 100%
VERIFIED <RECENT VERSION >
These glands secrete oils that lubricate and protect the skin. They are holocrine
glands, and they are destroyed after releasing their contents. -
ANSWER Sebaceous Glands
Extracellular material that is produced by the cells embedded in it, containing
ground substance and fibers - ANSWER Matrix
What is the fluid or semi-fluid portion of the matrix in connective tissue? -
ANSWER Ground substance
What type of multipotent adult stem cell can differentiate into various cell types? -
ANSWER Mesenchymal cell
What specialized loose connective tissue is present in the umbilical cord? -
ANSWER Mucous connective tissue
What type of connective tissue supports other tissues and organs of the body? -
ANSWER Connective tissue proper
,What type of connective tissue has loosely organized fibers with large spaces in
between? - ANSWER Loose connective tissue (areolar tissue)
What type of connective tissue is reinforced by bundles of fibers providing tensile
strength, elasticity, and protection? - ANSWER Dense connective tissue
What type of connective tissue provides structure and strength to the body and
protects soft tissues like bones and cartilage? - ANSWER Supportive connective
tissue
What type of specialized cells circulate as a watery fluid in blood and lymph? -
ANSWER Fluid connective tissue
What is the most abundant cell in connective tissue that secretes protein fibers and
matrix into the extracellular space? - ANSWER Fibroblast
What cells store lipids as droplets that fill most of the cytoplasm? -
ANSWER Adipocytes
A type of cartilage, with elastin as the major protein, characterized by rigid
support as well as elasticity - ANSWER Elastic cartilage
What type of muscle tissue is characterized by long cylindrical fibers, striated
appearance, and many peripherally located nuclei, and is responsible for voluntary
movement? - ANSWER Skeletal muscle
,What type of muscle tissue has short, branched, striated fibers with a single central
nucleus and contracts to pump blood? - ANSWER Cardiac muscle
What type of muscle tissue is short, spindle-shaped, with no evident striation, and
is responsible for involuntary movements in the internal organs? -
ANSWER Smooth muscle
What is the term for the muscle cell that develops from myoblasts and is involved
in voluntary movements? - ANSWER Myocyte
What are the specialized cell junctions in cardiac muscle that allow cells to
synchronize their actions? - ANSWER Intercalated discs
What is the involuntary contraction of skeletal muscles in response to perceived
lower than normal body temperature? - ANSWER Shivering
What are the contractile proteins that cause the striated appearance in skeletal and
cardiac muscle cells? - ANSWER Actin and myosin
What is the principal characteristic of cardiomyocytes that allows them to contract
without external stimulation? - ANSWER Intrinsic rhythms
What type of muscle tissue forms the contractile component of the digestive,
urinary, and reproductive systems? - ANSWER Smooth muscle
, What is the function of skeletal muscle in terms of body temperature regulation? -
ANSWER Thermal homeostasis
What type of tissue is characterized by being excitable and capable of sending and
receiving electrochemical signals? - ANSWER Nervous tissue
What are the two main classes of cells that make up nervous tissue? -
ANSWER Neuron and neuroglia
What is the cell body of a neuron, containing the nucleus and mitochondria,
called? - ANSWER Soma
What part of the neuron carries the action potential away to another excitable cell?
- ANSWER Axon
What is the insulating layer formed by accessory cells around the axon called? -
ANSWER Myelin
What is the gap between nerve cells or between a nerve cell and its target, across
which the impulse is transmitted by neurotransmitters? - ANSWER Synapse
What type of neurons have several dendrites and a single prominent axon? -
ANSWER Multipolar neurons
What type of glial cell is abundant in the central nervous system and has a star
shape? - ANSWER Astrocyte
