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PSY200-CHAPER 9 LANGUAGE, THOUGHT,
INTELLIGENCE Questions and Answers (100%
Correct Answers)
language
Ans: A system for communicating with others using signals that are combined
according to rules of grammar and convey meaning.
grammar
Ans: A set of rules that specify how the units of language can be combined to
produce meaningful messages
phoneme
Ans: The smallest unit of sound that is recognizable as speech rather than as
random noise.
phonological rules
Ans: A set of rules that indicate how phonemes can be combined to produce speech
sounds.
morphemes
Ans: The smallest meaningful units of language.
morphological rules
Ans: A set of rules that indicate how morphemes can be combined to form words.
syntactical rules
Ans: A set of rules that indicate how words can be combined to form phrases and
sentences.
deep structure
Ans: The meaning of a sentence.
surface structure
Ans: How a sentence is worded.
fast mapping
Ans: The fact that children can map a word onto an underlying concept after only a
single exposure.
telegraphic speech
Ans: Speech that is devoid of function morphemes and consists mostly of content
words.
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nativist theory
Ans: The view that language development is best explained as an innate, biological
capacity.
genetic dyphasia
Ans: A syndrome characterized by an inability to learn the grammatical structure of
language despite having otherwise normal intelligence.
aphasia
Ans: Difficulty in producing or comprehending language.
concept
Ans: A mental representation that groups or categorizes shared features of related
objects, events, or other stimuli.
family resemblance theory
Ans: Members of a category have features that appear to be characteristic of
category members but may not be possessed by every member.
prototype
Ans: The "best" or "most typical member" of a category.
exemplar theory
Ans: A theory of categorization that argues that we make category judgments by
comparing a new instance with stored memories for other instances of the category.
category-specific deficit
Ans: A neurological syndrome that is characterized by an inability to recognize
objects that belong to a particular category, although the ability to recognize objects
outside the category is undisturbed.
rational choice theory
Ans: The classical view that we make decisions by determining how likely something
is to happen, judging the value of the outcome, and then multiplying the two.
frequcy format theory
Ans: The proposal that our minds evolved to notice how frequently things occur, not
how likely they are to occur.
availability bias
Ans: Items that are more readily available in memory are judged as having occurred
more frequently
conjunction fallacy
Ans: When people think that two events are more likely to occur together than either
individual event.
PSY200-CHAPER 9 LANGUAGE, THOUGHT,
INTELLIGENCE Questions and Answers (100%
Correct Answers)
language
Ans: A system for communicating with others using signals that are combined
according to rules of grammar and convey meaning.
grammar
Ans: A set of rules that specify how the units of language can be combined to
produce meaningful messages
phoneme
Ans: The smallest unit of sound that is recognizable as speech rather than as
random noise.
phonological rules
Ans: A set of rules that indicate how phonemes can be combined to produce speech
sounds.
morphemes
Ans: The smallest meaningful units of language.
morphological rules
Ans: A set of rules that indicate how morphemes can be combined to form words.
syntactical rules
Ans: A set of rules that indicate how words can be combined to form phrases and
sentences.
deep structure
Ans: The meaning of a sentence.
surface structure
Ans: How a sentence is worded.
fast mapping
Ans: The fact that children can map a word onto an underlying concept after only a
single exposure.
telegraphic speech
Ans: Speech that is devoid of function morphemes and consists mostly of content
words.
, 2 Inquire through: | Professional | Confidential Support
nativist theory
Ans: The view that language development is best explained as an innate, biological
capacity.
genetic dyphasia
Ans: A syndrome characterized by an inability to learn the grammatical structure of
language despite having otherwise normal intelligence.
aphasia
Ans: Difficulty in producing or comprehending language.
concept
Ans: A mental representation that groups or categorizes shared features of related
objects, events, or other stimuli.
family resemblance theory
Ans: Members of a category have features that appear to be characteristic of
category members but may not be possessed by every member.
prototype
Ans: The "best" or "most typical member" of a category.
exemplar theory
Ans: A theory of categorization that argues that we make category judgments by
comparing a new instance with stored memories for other instances of the category.
category-specific deficit
Ans: A neurological syndrome that is characterized by an inability to recognize
objects that belong to a particular category, although the ability to recognize objects
outside the category is undisturbed.
rational choice theory
Ans: The classical view that we make decisions by determining how likely something
is to happen, judging the value of the outcome, and then multiplying the two.
frequcy format theory
Ans: The proposal that our minds evolved to notice how frequently things occur, not
how likely they are to occur.
availability bias
Ans: Items that are more readily available in memory are judged as having occurred
more frequently
conjunction fallacy
Ans: When people think that two events are more likely to occur together than either
individual event.
