NR509 WEEK 4 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% CORRECT!!
,The sac that surrounds and protects the heart is called the:
a. Pericardium.
b. Myocardium.
c. Endocardium.
d. Pleural space. - ANSWER a. Pericardium.
The direction of blood flow through the heart is best described by which of these?
a. Vena cava - right atrium - right ventricle - lungs - pulmonary artery - left atrium - left
ventricle
b. Right atrium - right ventricle - pulmonary artery - lungs - pulmonary vein - left atrium -
left ventricle
c. Aorta - right atrium - right ventricle - lungs - pulmonary vein - left atrium - left ventricle
- vena cava
d. Right atrium - right ventricle - pulmonary vein - lungs - pulmonary artery - left atrium -
left ventricle - ANSWER b. Right atrium - right ventricle - pulmonary artery - lungs -
pulmonary vein - left atrium - left ventricle
The nurse is reviewing the anatomy and physiologic functioning of the heart. Which
statement best describes what is meant by atrial kick?
a. The atria contract during systole and attempt to push against closed valves.
b. Contraction of the atria at the beginning of diastole can be felt as a palpitation.
c... Atrial kick is the pressure exerted against the atria as the ventricles contract during
systole.
d. The atria contract toward the end of diastole and push the remaining blood into the
ventricles. - ANSWER d. The atria contract toward the end of diastole and push the
remaining blood into the ventricles.
When listening to heart sounds, the nurse knows the valve closures that can be heard
best at the base of the heart are:
a. Mitral and tricuspid.
b. Tricuspid and aortic.
c. Aortic and pulmonic.
d. Mitral and pulmonic. - ANSWER c. Aortic and pulmonic.
Which of these statements describes the closure of the valves in a normal cardiac
cycle?
, a. The aortic valve closes slightly before the tricuspid valve.
b. The pulmonic valve closes slightly before the aortic valve.
c. The tricuspid valve closes slightly later than the mitral valve.
d. Both the tricuspid and pulmonic valves close at the same time. - ANSWER c. The
tricuspid valve closes slightly later than the mitral valve.
The findings from an assessment of a 70-year-old patient with swelling in his ankles
include jugular venous pulsations 5 cm above the sternal angle when the head of his
bed is elevated 45 degrees. The nurse knows that this finding indicates:
a. Decreased fluid volume.
b... Increased cardiac output.
c. Narrowing of jugular veins.
d. Elevated pressure related to heart failure. - ANSWER d. Elevated pressure related to
heart failure.
When assessing a newborn infant who is 5 minutes old, the nurse knows which of these
statements to be true?
a. The left ventricle is larger and weighs more than the right ventricle.
b. The circulation of a newborn is identical to that of an adult.
c. Blood can flow into the left side of the heart through an opening in the atrial septum.
d... The foramen ovale closes just minutes before birth, and the ductus arteriosus closes
immediately after. - ANSWER c. Blood can flow into the left side of the heart through an
opening in the atrial septum.
A 25-year-old woman in her fifth month of pregnancy has a blood pressure of 100/70
mm Hg. In reviewing her previous examination, the nurse notes that her blood pressure
in her second month was 124/80 mm Hg. In evaluating this change, what does the
nurse know to be true?
a. This decline in blood pressure is the result of peripheral vasodilatation and is an
expected change.
b. Because of increased cardiac output, the blood pressure should be higher at this
time.
c. This change in blood pressure is not an expected finding because it means a
decrease in cardiac output.
d. This decline in blood pressure means a decrease in circulating blood volume, which
is dangerous for the fetus. - ANSWER a. This decline in blood pressure is the result of
peripheral vasodilatation and is an expected change.
In assessing a 70-year-old man, the nurse finds the following: blood pressure 140/100
mm Hg; heart rate 104 beats per minute and slightly irregular; and the split S2 heart
ANSWERS 100% CORRECT!!
,The sac that surrounds and protects the heart is called the:
a. Pericardium.
b. Myocardium.
c. Endocardium.
d. Pleural space. - ANSWER a. Pericardium.
The direction of blood flow through the heart is best described by which of these?
a. Vena cava - right atrium - right ventricle - lungs - pulmonary artery - left atrium - left
ventricle
b. Right atrium - right ventricle - pulmonary artery - lungs - pulmonary vein - left atrium -
left ventricle
c. Aorta - right atrium - right ventricle - lungs - pulmonary vein - left atrium - left ventricle
- vena cava
d. Right atrium - right ventricle - pulmonary vein - lungs - pulmonary artery - left atrium -
left ventricle - ANSWER b. Right atrium - right ventricle - pulmonary artery - lungs -
pulmonary vein - left atrium - left ventricle
The nurse is reviewing the anatomy and physiologic functioning of the heart. Which
statement best describes what is meant by atrial kick?
a. The atria contract during systole and attempt to push against closed valves.
b. Contraction of the atria at the beginning of diastole can be felt as a palpitation.
c... Atrial kick is the pressure exerted against the atria as the ventricles contract during
systole.
d. The atria contract toward the end of diastole and push the remaining blood into the
ventricles. - ANSWER d. The atria contract toward the end of diastole and push the
remaining blood into the ventricles.
When listening to heart sounds, the nurse knows the valve closures that can be heard
best at the base of the heart are:
a. Mitral and tricuspid.
b. Tricuspid and aortic.
c. Aortic and pulmonic.
d. Mitral and pulmonic. - ANSWER c. Aortic and pulmonic.
Which of these statements describes the closure of the valves in a normal cardiac
cycle?
, a. The aortic valve closes slightly before the tricuspid valve.
b. The pulmonic valve closes slightly before the aortic valve.
c. The tricuspid valve closes slightly later than the mitral valve.
d. Both the tricuspid and pulmonic valves close at the same time. - ANSWER c. The
tricuspid valve closes slightly later than the mitral valve.
The findings from an assessment of a 70-year-old patient with swelling in his ankles
include jugular venous pulsations 5 cm above the sternal angle when the head of his
bed is elevated 45 degrees. The nurse knows that this finding indicates:
a. Decreased fluid volume.
b... Increased cardiac output.
c. Narrowing of jugular veins.
d. Elevated pressure related to heart failure. - ANSWER d. Elevated pressure related to
heart failure.
When assessing a newborn infant who is 5 minutes old, the nurse knows which of these
statements to be true?
a. The left ventricle is larger and weighs more than the right ventricle.
b. The circulation of a newborn is identical to that of an adult.
c. Blood can flow into the left side of the heart through an opening in the atrial septum.
d... The foramen ovale closes just minutes before birth, and the ductus arteriosus closes
immediately after. - ANSWER c. Blood can flow into the left side of the heart through an
opening in the atrial septum.
A 25-year-old woman in her fifth month of pregnancy has a blood pressure of 100/70
mm Hg. In reviewing her previous examination, the nurse notes that her blood pressure
in her second month was 124/80 mm Hg. In evaluating this change, what does the
nurse know to be true?
a. This decline in blood pressure is the result of peripheral vasodilatation and is an
expected change.
b. Because of increased cardiac output, the blood pressure should be higher at this
time.
c. This change in blood pressure is not an expected finding because it means a
decrease in cardiac output.
d. This decline in blood pressure means a decrease in circulating blood volume, which
is dangerous for the fetus. - ANSWER a. This decline in blood pressure is the result of
peripheral vasodilatation and is an expected change.
In assessing a 70-year-old man, the nurse finds the following: blood pressure 140/100
mm Hg; heart rate 104 beats per minute and slightly irregular; and the split S2 heart
