ABMDI Exam – Demonstrating Scientific Knowledge NEWEST EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS 2027 (VERIFIED ANSWERS)

ABMDI Exam – Demonstrating Scientific Knowledge NEWEST EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS 2027 (VERIFIED ANSWERS) Identifying Traumatic Injuries: Blunt Force - ANSWER --RESULTS: from the impact of a blunt object against the skin. -Depending on the angle, force, direction, and object, blunt force trauma may result in a variety of injuries (Contusions, abrasions, lacerations) Identifying Traumatic Injuries: Sharp Force - ANSWER --Characterized by CLEAN cuts (known as incisions) -Injury is caused by a sharp instrument (IE a knife, razor, scissors) -Cutting wounds to the wrist area may indication suicide attempt (s) (commonly referred to as hesitation marks) Hilt Mark - ANSWER -The presence of an abrasion near a stab wound, typically caused by the handle portion of the knife (indicative of someone forcefully thrusting the knife in its entire length) Identifying Traumatic Injuries: Motor Vehicle - ANSWER --Patterned trauma typically shows the investigator what position in the vehicle the decedent may have been in prior to the crash -FRONT SEAT OCCUPANTS (typically have horizontal lacerations to the forehead and abrasions to the knees) -Tempered glass from side windows will fracture into "ice cube" shapes, the fragments will hit the occupant's face -The driver will have square lacerations and abrasions ("dicing injuries") to the LEFT side of the face, whereas the front-seat passenger will have those same injuries to the RIGHT side of the face. Identifying Traumatic Injuries: Skeletal Injuries - ANSWER --Fractures/broken bones may be closed (having an intact skin) or open (caused a laceration of the overlying skin) -Fracturing of the internal FRONT of the skull may result in hemorrhage/ecchymosis surrounding the eyes ("raccoon eyes") -Skull fractures at the base of the brain may result in bleeding from the ears Identifying Traumatic Injuries: Thermal Injuries - ANSWER -FIRST DEGREE: superficial, similar to sunburn SECOND DEGREE: damage to the upper layers of the skin, identified as blisters, which may result in scarring THIRD DEGREE: deep and through the entire skin, requiring skin grafting FOURTH DEGREE: demonstrated by severe charring of the tissues Carbon Monoxide in Blood Relating to Death - ANSWER -20-30%= Death in children 40-50%= Death in UNHEALTHY adults 50-80%= Death Asphyxial Deaths - ANSWER -Lack of oxygen and excess of carbon dioxide in the tissues of the body -May result from insufficient blood or oxygenated air being delivered to the tissues Strangulation - ANSWER -Compression of the neck, obstructing the flow of air or blood Asphyxia Cause by Hanging - ANSWER -Results from obstruction of the blood or air flow, caused by compression of the neck Petechial Hemorrhage - ANSWER -Small, pinpoint hemorrhage within the conjunctiva of the eyes Aspiration - ANSWER -Inhalation of some foreign object, causing occlusion or obstruction of the airway Mechanical Asphyxia - ANSWER -The inability of the chest to function, inhibiting normal resuscitation (e.g. a car or heavy object compressing the victim's chest) Positional Asphyxia - ANSWER -inadequate breathing or respiratory arrest caused by a body position that restricts breathing Drowning - ANSWER -Type of asphyxia in which water acts to deplete or impede the oxygenation of the tissues *There are no distinctive findings to diagnose drowning* Most reliable methods of diagnosing drowning - ANSWER -Autopsy Findings History of Submersion The investigator should identify risk factors for drowning in the victim, which includes... - ANSWER --Inability to Swim -Intoxication by Alcohol/Drugs -History of Epilepsy -Traumatic Injury -Natural Disease -Depression or Previous Suicide Attempts Battered Child Syndrome (Signs of Child Abuse) - ANSWER _Bruises/Lacerations -Bite-marks -Burns -Dehydration and Starvation -Recent and Healing Fractures -Lacerations of the Frenulum -Head Trauma -Evidence of Sexual Abuse Shaken-Infant Syndrome - ANSWER -Child is violently shaken and frequently struck on the head