FRQ AP BIO UNIT 4 PROGRESS CHECK
STUDY SHEET FULL SET 2026 QUESTIONS
WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
>> (a) Describe the first interaction that triggers signaling to begin in a target
cell.
Answer: The response indicates that a ligand/chemical messenger, in this
instance a hormone, binds to a receptor protein in a target cell.
>> (b) Identify a dependent variable in the experimental design. Identify a
negative control for the effects of hormone addition. Identify a likely reason why
the researchers continued their experiment for 240 min.
level of phosphorylated STAT5 OR the level of phosphorylated protein kinase B.
ii) The response indicates that a negative control for the effects of hormone
addition is the zero time point
when hormone is added or adding no hormone or a denatured hormone to an
identical culture and taking
samples at the same time points
iii) The response indicates that the response to the hormone might take some time
to start OR that the
researchers might have wanted to see how long a response to the hormone lasted.
Answer: i) The response indicates that a dependent variable is the level of
phosphorylated signaling protein OR the
>> (c) Describe the hormone and signaling protein combination that produced the
greatest and most prolonged response. For the phosphorylated STAT5 response
that reached 100 percent
at 10 minutes in Figure , calculate the rate of decrease (percent decrease per
minute) in the detected level of phosphorylated STAT5 from 10 to 30 minutes.
(about 80 percent of maximum) right to the end of the experiment at 240 minutes.
ii) The response indicates that the rate of decrease is between 3 and 3.5 percent
per minute.
STUDY SHEET FULL SET 2026 QUESTIONS
WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
>> (a) Describe the first interaction that triggers signaling to begin in a target
cell.
Answer: The response indicates that a ligand/chemical messenger, in this
instance a hormone, binds to a receptor protein in a target cell.
>> (b) Identify a dependent variable in the experimental design. Identify a
negative control for the effects of hormone addition. Identify a likely reason why
the researchers continued their experiment for 240 min.
level of phosphorylated STAT5 OR the level of phosphorylated protein kinase B.
ii) The response indicates that a negative control for the effects of hormone
addition is the zero time point
when hormone is added or adding no hormone or a denatured hormone to an
identical culture and taking
samples at the same time points
iii) The response indicates that the response to the hormone might take some time
to start OR that the
researchers might have wanted to see how long a response to the hormone lasted.
Answer: i) The response indicates that a dependent variable is the level of
phosphorylated signaling protein OR the
>> (c) Describe the hormone and signaling protein combination that produced the
greatest and most prolonged response. For the phosphorylated STAT5 response
that reached 100 percent
at 10 minutes in Figure , calculate the rate of decrease (percent decrease per
minute) in the detected level of phosphorylated STAT5 from 10 to 30 minutes.
(about 80 percent of maximum) right to the end of the experiment at 240 minutes.
ii) The response indicates that the rate of decrease is between 3 and 3.5 percent
per minute.
