FRQ AP BIO UNIT 4 PROGRESS CHECK
PRACTICE SCRIPT 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
>> Which of the following best explains how a group of cells can send chemical
signals to cells in another part of the body?
A
The chemical is released into the extracellular space and immediately binds to
specific receptors on the surface of the target cells that released it.
B
The chemical diffuses through the extracellular space until it reaches target cells
with specific receptors for that chemical.
C
The chemical is released into blood vessels, where it circulates until it reaches
target cells that have specific receptors for that chemical.
D
The chemical is sent from the group of cells through neurons to the target cells,
where it binds to specific receptors.
The chemical is released into blood vessels, where it circulates until it reaches
target cells that have specific receptors for that chemical.
Answer: C
>> A cell signaling pathway begins when a hormone binds to its receptor. After
binding, relay molecules within
the cell become activated and trigger cellular responses. When drug K is added to
cells, the cellular
response is heightened and prolonged.
Which of the following mechanisms best explains how drug K increases the
cellular response?
A
Drug K inhibits the activation of the receptor protein.
B
, Drug K promotes the activation of relay molecules.
C
Drug K inhibits the deactivation of the receptor protein.
D
Drug K promotes the circulation of relay molecules.
Drug K promotes the activation of relay molecules.
Answer: B
>> A particular cell signaling pathway requires a hormone that is released into
the bloodstream and travels to
target cells. Scientists learned that not all cells respond to the hormone.
Which of the following best explains why some cells do not respond to the
hormone?
A
Some cells lack hormone receptors.
B
Some cells lack regulators.
C
Some cells lack cholesterol.
D
Some cells lack embedded proteins.
Some cells lack hormone receptors.
Answer: A
>> G proteins are a family of receptor proteins that are involved in transmitting
signals from outside a cell
to inside a cell. When a signaling molecule binds to a G protein, the G protein is
activated. The G protein
then activates an enzyme that produces a second messenger called cAMP.
Which of the following describes a critical role of cAMP during the transduction
stage of a G protein
signal transduction pathway?
A
cAMP carries the signal to the nucleus of the cell and results in new sequences of
PRACTICE SCRIPT 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
>> Which of the following best explains how a group of cells can send chemical
signals to cells in another part of the body?
A
The chemical is released into the extracellular space and immediately binds to
specific receptors on the surface of the target cells that released it.
B
The chemical diffuses through the extracellular space until it reaches target cells
with specific receptors for that chemical.
C
The chemical is released into blood vessels, where it circulates until it reaches
target cells that have specific receptors for that chemical.
D
The chemical is sent from the group of cells through neurons to the target cells,
where it binds to specific receptors.
The chemical is released into blood vessels, where it circulates until it reaches
target cells that have specific receptors for that chemical.
Answer: C
>> A cell signaling pathway begins when a hormone binds to its receptor. After
binding, relay molecules within
the cell become activated and trigger cellular responses. When drug K is added to
cells, the cellular
response is heightened and prolonged.
Which of the following mechanisms best explains how drug K increases the
cellular response?
A
Drug K inhibits the activation of the receptor protein.
B
, Drug K promotes the activation of relay molecules.
C
Drug K inhibits the deactivation of the receptor protein.
D
Drug K promotes the circulation of relay molecules.
Drug K promotes the activation of relay molecules.
Answer: B
>> A particular cell signaling pathway requires a hormone that is released into
the bloodstream and travels to
target cells. Scientists learned that not all cells respond to the hormone.
Which of the following best explains why some cells do not respond to the
hormone?
A
Some cells lack hormone receptors.
B
Some cells lack regulators.
C
Some cells lack cholesterol.
D
Some cells lack embedded proteins.
Some cells lack hormone receptors.
Answer: A
>> G proteins are a family of receptor proteins that are involved in transmitting
signals from outside a cell
to inside a cell. When a signaling molecule binds to a G protein, the G protein is
activated. The G protein
then activates an enzyme that produces a second messenger called cAMP.
Which of the following describes a critical role of cAMP during the transduction
stage of a G protein
signal transduction pathway?
A
cAMP carries the signal to the nucleus of the cell and results in new sequences of
