CM 102 MIDTERM 2 CHAPTERS 6-10 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026

CM 102 MIDTERM 2 CHAPTERS 6-10 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026 key members in a Project Team (or who is not) - Answers Gardener, person who influences the behaviors, thoughts, and/or feelings of a significant number of their fellow human beings. common factors for trust - Answers History and experience Competence and ability Similarities and Differences Relative Power and Authority Character Accountability Ethical Dealings Communication, Collaboration, and Integration Fernado Flores' five basic speech acts - Answers Declare Request Promise Assess Assert LCI's (Lean Construction Institute) effective listening? - Answers Stop talking Give others an extended chance to talk Hear their whole question/comment Show respect and concern Withhold evaluation Patience is good listening Stay positive, open Effective Speaking - Answers ask for clarification or specifics Give examples Broad statements are too vague Watch for nonverbal cues Facial expressions, eye contact ... body language Clarify your perception Review and summarize Paraphrase Clarify what needs to be done now, or when Low-Bid Mentality - Answers Basically selling yourself short, and for cheap.... believing that if they are always the lowest bid, they will win more jobs and therefore increase revenue. They believe they have to be the lowest bid in order to win the job and they need to win the project to make sure they have "money coming in the door." when the Pre-construction phase takes place - Answers After the contract with the architect. After the design phase. the five most common pre-construction services - Answers Estimating and budgets Value Engineering Schedule creation Constructability analysis Bidding and Subcontract analysis Conceptual Estimating benefits - Answers Strategically used in D/B and CM-at-Risk Fewer RFI's (talk first, draw second) Cost Models - Answers ? When do Conceptual Estimates and Detailed Estimates occur? - Answers Could occur after design is complete More effective if done prior to CD's Conceptual Estimates - Answers Uniformat Detailed Estimates - Answers Master Format Do you know how value can be added to a project? - Answers Improve benefits and reduce the cost Maintain benefits and reduce the cost Improve benefits and maintain the cost Increase benefits and increase cost (if added benefits are perceived to be worth more than the additional investment) Reduce benefits and reduce cost (if benefits still meet the owner's needs) Which item is NOT part of the Life-cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA)? - Answers Initial Construction Cost Which item is the most expensive part of the LCCA? - Answers Operating Cost Know the four primary categories found in the construction estimate that taxes, and O&P will be added to. - Answers Direct Cost Indirect Cost Contingency Taxes and Overhead & Profit (O&P) Conceptual estimates - Answers Used when there are no drawings at all or when you are in the idea or concept stage of a project (ROM).Often the owner does no know if they're project is feasible, so they do not wish to start spending money on design. Preliminary estimates - Answers Used when you have a preliminary set of drawings with overall dimensions and it provides a somewhat higher level of accuracy to establish initial budgets and financing scenarios. However, it should never be used to commit to a contract price. Detailed estimates - Answers Used whenever you have a complete set of plans and specs. Counts every brick and stick but as accuracy of plans/specs increases, so does the time and effort and skill that is required to complete the estimate. Know what items will be found in the job-specific overhead or general conditions. - Answers Include supervision, job trailer expense, temporary utilities, testing and inspections, and job photographs, security, etc. Know what three items make up the construction estimate. - Answers quantities (read the plans) pricing (read the specs -differing quality) productivity (labor costs) a function of a trained crew Know the name of the type of estimate based on the completeness (%) of contract documents) - Answers Conceptual Estimate, Preliminary Estimate Which items are the primary factors impacting the project cost? - Answers Project size, Complexity of the project, Site location, Time of construction, Quality of work, Market conditions, Management Factors Know examples of red flag items - Answers Materials (long lead items), schedule, safety, access (tight sites), political issues not even on the plans= NIMBY...) Know what a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) - Answers The WBS establishes the basic building blocks of both the estimate and schedule. The purpose of the WBS is to organize and identify the work of the project by breaking down each division of work into a separate work package. A work package is detailed items of work bundled together under a particular trade. Know how General Conditions are typically calculated (priced) - Answers You must quantify all of your materials, labor, and general conditions before you can price any of the work. You must calculate how many (quantity) first before you can calculate how much (cost) Once you determine quantities you can apply a unit price factor to the equation each, linear feet, square feet, square yard, cubic yard. Know what items would be in General Conditions (hint: Not Div 2-49) - Answers Contingency (maybe) Payroll Taxes (Social Security, Worker's Comp, Unemployment, Benefits (Health, Life, Vacation, Paid Holidays) Office Overhead (not GC's) Profit Your bid needs to be in on-time with the proper signatures and other materials. Know what items constitute the labor burden of payroll taxes. - Answers employer contributions to Social Security (FICA) taxes, Medicare taxes, federal and state unemployment taxes, and workers' compensation insurance. what a digitizer is used for - Answers used to convert analog information or physical drawings into digital format. Digitizing paper drawings Quantity Takeoff RFI - Answers Request for information submitted by contractor, needing information Submittals - Answers Data, manufacturer, trade name, model, samples, details, colors, description of use and performance characteristics, size, finish and physical characteristics, and any product literature to be approved by the architect prior to installation. To confirm design intent. range anywhere to specification information to a physical mockup or in-place test "patches" Often require multiple attempts before final approval Shop Drawing - Answers drawings of materials to be fabricated for installation. Include details, dimensions, and configurations of the item. Prepared by a vendor or subcontractor responsible. as-built drawings - Answers provide the owner a set of drawings (and specs), or a BIM model, of what was actually installed and where it was placed to facilitate their facilities management for future expansion, remodels, or repairs. Billing Cycle - Answers Bills from Subs and Vendors, Application for Payment Payment From owner received Payments make to Subs and Vendors