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#1 HESI - Medical Surgical Nursing Test
{ALREADY GRADED A+ } NEWEST VERSION
1. Which client is at greatest risk for dehydration?
a. younger adult client on bedrest
b. older adult client receiving hypotonic IV fluid
c. older adult client with cognitive impairment
d. younger adult client receiving hypertonic IV fluid
Correct Answer: C
2. Which intervention in a client with dehydration induced confusion is most likely
to relieve the confusion?
a. increasing the IV flow rate to 250 mL/hr
b. applying oxygen by mask or nasal cannula
c. placing the client in a high Fowler's position
d. Measuring intake and output every four hours
Correct Answer: A
3. Controlling pain is important to promoting wellness. Unrelieved pain has been
associated with:
a. prolonged stress response and a cascade of harmful effects system wide.
b. decreased tumor growth and longevity
c. large tidal volumes and decreased lung capacity
d. decreased carbohydrate, protein, and fat destruction
Correct Answer: A
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4. A nurse is caring for an older adult client who lives alone. Which economic
situation presents the most serious problem for this client?
a. costs of creating a living will
b. stock market fluctuations
c. increased provider benefits
d. social security as the basis of income
Correct Answer: D
5. The client is receiving an IV of 60 mEq of potassium chloride in a 1000 mL
solution of dextrose 5% in 0.45% saline. The client states that the area around
the IV site burns. What intervention does the nurse perform first?
a. assess for a blood return
b. notify the physician
c. document the finding
d. stop the IV infusion
Correct Answer: D
6. The nurse is working at a first aid booth for a spring training game on a hot day. A
spectator comes in, reporting that he is not feeling well. Vital signs are temp
104.1 F, pulse 132 BPM, respirs 26 breaths/min, and blood pressure 106/66 mm
Hg. He trips over his feet as the nurse leads him to a cot. What is the priority
action of the nurse?
a. admin tylenol 650 mg orally
b. encourage rest, and reassess in 15 minutes
c. sponge the victim with cool water and remove his shirt
d. encourage drinking of cool water or sports drink
Correct Answer: C
7. Which statement made by a nurse represents the need for further education
regarding pain management in older adult clients?
a. older adults tend to report pain less often than younger adults
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b. older clients usually have more experience with pain than younger clients
c. older adults are at greatest risk for under treated pain
d. older clients have a different pain mechanism and do not feel it as much
Correct Answer: D
8. The nurse is assessing a group of clients. Which clients are at greater risk for
hypothermia or frostbite? (select all that apply)
a. an older woman with hypertension
b. a young man with a body mass index of 42
c. a young many who has just consumed six martinis
d. an older man who smokes a pack of cigarettes a day
e. a young woman who is anorexic
f. a young woman who is diabetic
Correct Answer: C, D, E, F
9. A patient expresses a strong interest in returning to their work, family, and
hobbies after having a stroke. Which theory type would the nurse use to
develop a plan of care for the best results of this patient's motivation style?
a. field
b. biological
c. cognitive
d. sociologic
Correct Answer: C
10. When describing patient education approaches, the nurse educator would
explain that informal teaching is an approach that:
a. follows formalized plans
b. has standardized content
c. often occurs one-to-one
d. addresses group needs
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Correct Answer: C
11. A nurse is caring for several clients. Which client does the nurse assess most
carefully for hyperkalemia?
a. client with type 2 diabetes taking an oral anti-diabetic agent
b. client with heart failure using a salt substitute
c. client taking a thiazide diuretic for hypertension
d. client taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs daily
Correct Answer: B
12. An older adult client presents with signs and symptoms related to dig toxicity.
Which age related change may have contributed to this problem?
a. decreased renal blood flow
b. increased gastrointestinal motility
c. decreased ratio of adipose tissue to lean body mass
d. increased total body water
Correct Answer: A
13. A client is being treated for dehydration. Which statement made by the client
indicates understanding of this condition?
a. I will use a salt substitute when making and eating my meals.
b. I must drink a quart of water or other liquid each day.
c. I will not drink liquids after 6 PM so I won't have to get up at night.
d. I will weigh myself each morning before I eat or drink.
Correct Answer: D
14. The nurse notes that the handgrip of the client with hypokalemia has
diminished since the previous assessment one hour ago. Which intervention by
the nurse is the priority?
a. assess the client's respiratory rate, rhythm, and depth
b. document findings and monitor the client
#1 HESI - Medical Surgical Nursing Test
{ALREADY GRADED A+ } NEWEST VERSION
1. Which client is at greatest risk for dehydration?
a. younger adult client on bedrest
b. older adult client receiving hypotonic IV fluid
c. older adult client with cognitive impairment
d. younger adult client receiving hypertonic IV fluid
Correct Answer: C
2. Which intervention in a client with dehydration induced confusion is most likely
to relieve the confusion?
a. increasing the IV flow rate to 250 mL/hr
b. applying oxygen by mask or nasal cannula
c. placing the client in a high Fowler's position
d. Measuring intake and output every four hours
Correct Answer: A
3. Controlling pain is important to promoting wellness. Unrelieved pain has been
associated with:
a. prolonged stress response and a cascade of harmful effects system wide.
b. decreased tumor growth and longevity
c. large tidal volumes and decreased lung capacity
d. decreased carbohydrate, protein, and fat destruction
Correct Answer: A
,2|Page
4. A nurse is caring for an older adult client who lives alone. Which economic
situation presents the most serious problem for this client?
a. costs of creating a living will
b. stock market fluctuations
c. increased provider benefits
d. social security as the basis of income
Correct Answer: D
5. The client is receiving an IV of 60 mEq of potassium chloride in a 1000 mL
solution of dextrose 5% in 0.45% saline. The client states that the area around
the IV site burns. What intervention does the nurse perform first?
a. assess for a blood return
b. notify the physician
c. document the finding
d. stop the IV infusion
Correct Answer: D
6. The nurse is working at a first aid booth for a spring training game on a hot day. A
spectator comes in, reporting that he is not feeling well. Vital signs are temp
104.1 F, pulse 132 BPM, respirs 26 breaths/min, and blood pressure 106/66 mm
Hg. He trips over his feet as the nurse leads him to a cot. What is the priority
action of the nurse?
a. admin tylenol 650 mg orally
b. encourage rest, and reassess in 15 minutes
c. sponge the victim with cool water and remove his shirt
d. encourage drinking of cool water or sports drink
Correct Answer: C
7. Which statement made by a nurse represents the need for further education
regarding pain management in older adult clients?
a. older adults tend to report pain less often than younger adults
,3|Page
b. older clients usually have more experience with pain than younger clients
c. older adults are at greatest risk for under treated pain
d. older clients have a different pain mechanism and do not feel it as much
Correct Answer: D
8. The nurse is assessing a group of clients. Which clients are at greater risk for
hypothermia or frostbite? (select all that apply)
a. an older woman with hypertension
b. a young man with a body mass index of 42
c. a young many who has just consumed six martinis
d. an older man who smokes a pack of cigarettes a day
e. a young woman who is anorexic
f. a young woman who is diabetic
Correct Answer: C, D, E, F
9. A patient expresses a strong interest in returning to their work, family, and
hobbies after having a stroke. Which theory type would the nurse use to
develop a plan of care for the best results of this patient's motivation style?
a. field
b. biological
c. cognitive
d. sociologic
Correct Answer: C
10. When describing patient education approaches, the nurse educator would
explain that informal teaching is an approach that:
a. follows formalized plans
b. has standardized content
c. often occurs one-to-one
d. addresses group needs
, 4|Page
Correct Answer: C
11. A nurse is caring for several clients. Which client does the nurse assess most
carefully for hyperkalemia?
a. client with type 2 diabetes taking an oral anti-diabetic agent
b. client with heart failure using a salt substitute
c. client taking a thiazide diuretic for hypertension
d. client taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs daily
Correct Answer: B
12. An older adult client presents with signs and symptoms related to dig toxicity.
Which age related change may have contributed to this problem?
a. decreased renal blood flow
b. increased gastrointestinal motility
c. decreased ratio of adipose tissue to lean body mass
d. increased total body water
Correct Answer: A
13. A client is being treated for dehydration. Which statement made by the client
indicates understanding of this condition?
a. I will use a salt substitute when making and eating my meals.
b. I must drink a quart of water or other liquid each day.
c. I will not drink liquids after 6 PM so I won't have to get up at night.
d. I will weigh myself each morning before I eat or drink.
Correct Answer: D
14. The nurse notes that the handgrip of the client with hypokalemia has
diminished since the previous assessment one hour ago. Which intervention by
the nurse is the priority?
a. assess the client's respiratory rate, rhythm, and depth
b. document findings and monitor the client
