PPN302 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+ 2026
What is health? - ANS - Extent to which individual/community is able to realize aspirations
and satisfy needs
- Change or cope with the environment
- Resource for everyday living
- Positive concept emphasizing social and personal resources, as well as physical capabilities
- balance between physical, social, and spiritual dimensions
What is community? - ANS - A collective ppl who live in defined geopolitical boundary, work,
play, and pray in a space
- A collective ppl who share common values and concerns
- The way ppl think about and organize their social relationships
- NOT a coherent or fixed entity
Before doing a community assessment, consider: - ANS 1. Purpose of assessment
2. Target population
3. Social and/or geopolitical boundaries of the community
4. Community composition
5. Characteristics of community
6. Approaches or techniques that will be used
7. Degree of political support
@COPYRIGHT 2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 1
,8. Time frame for assessment
9. Available resources to carry out the assessment
10. The cost and benefits of the assessment
What is a community assessment? - ANS - A process of gathering, analyzing, and reporting
information about the needs and the capacities or strengths that are also currently available in
your community meet those needs.
- Part of a complex process of identifying & responding to problems, needs, issues affecting
population.
What are 3 basic steps of Community Health Assessment? - ANS 1. Gather (data gathering
and generation)
2. Analyze (data interpretation and needs identification)
3. Prioritize (setting priorities and resource evaluation)
Stakeholders - ANS Anyone & everyone who has an interest in/stake in the community and
community process
Gatekeepers - ANS The person, people, or institutions that hold the power to let you in or
keep you out.
Environmental scan is - ANS - Broad overview of a community to see "what's what"
- "Look, listen, and watch" at different times, days
For environmental scan, consider: - ANS - The appropriateness of an environmental scan for
the purpose of assessment.
- How your own assumptions and expectations might affect the assessment process
- Ethical issues, factors related to SDOH, equity, social justice in the assessment of process and
analysis
For Problem investigation, consider: - ANS - Who has identified problems and how is framed
@COPYRIGHT 2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 2
,- Power dynamics in the community overall and in the identification of the problem
- Solutions that are being suggested and by whom
- How your own assumptions and expectation may affect the process
- Ethical issues, SDOH, equity, social justice
Resource evaluation is: - ANS - Evaluating existing resources and services
- Examining if resources meet identified needs; if they are appropriate to the demographics
- Often done when service use has changed
For resource evaluation, consider: - ANS - Whether the issue is about services/resources,
shifting demographics, or something else
-Implications of the social, political, and economic realities on the potential for change
- Who is advocating for change and issues of power
- Influence your own assumptions and expectations on the process
- Ethical issues, SDOH, equity, social justice
For needs assessment, consider: - ANS - Whose needs are being expressed
- Whether they are needs or wants
- Where to being - small or big issues?
- The power dynamics
- How your assumptions and expectations might affect the process
- The ethical issue and factors related to SDOH, equity, social justice
4 types of needs - ANS 1. normative needs: determined by experts through professional
analysis
2. felt need: what ppl say they need
3. Expressed need: felt need turned into action
4. Comparative need: comparing services or resources of one area to another similar area
@COPYRIGHT 2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 3
, What are some of the factors to consider when obtaining data? - ANS - history of the
community
- Perception of community by both CHN and community
- Population demographics
- Physical, socioeconomic environment
- Education and healthy child development
- Culture and religion
- health and social services
- governance and politics
5 questions to ask for analyzing data - ANS 1. What is the interplay btw data sources -
support or contradict?
2. What are the primary issues that need to be addressed and what tells you so?
3. What capacities exist?
4. What challenges exist?
5. Do you have all the data you need or is something missing?
What is a community development? - ANS Involves members of a community collectively
participate in identifying health issues, set priorities, develop interventions, and implement
them
Both a process and an outcome.
What is community empowerment process? - ANS Empowering interactions and actions
within the community and in relation to broader society
What is community empowerment outcome? - ANS The community achieving an increased
level of capacity to take control of they health challenges and advocate for equity.
What are some central principles of community development? - ANS - Focus remains on the
community
@COPYRIGHT 2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 4
ANSWERS GRADED A+ 2026
What is health? - ANS - Extent to which individual/community is able to realize aspirations
and satisfy needs
- Change or cope with the environment
- Resource for everyday living
- Positive concept emphasizing social and personal resources, as well as physical capabilities
- balance between physical, social, and spiritual dimensions
What is community? - ANS - A collective ppl who live in defined geopolitical boundary, work,
play, and pray in a space
- A collective ppl who share common values and concerns
- The way ppl think about and organize their social relationships
- NOT a coherent or fixed entity
Before doing a community assessment, consider: - ANS 1. Purpose of assessment
2. Target population
3. Social and/or geopolitical boundaries of the community
4. Community composition
5. Characteristics of community
6. Approaches or techniques that will be used
7. Degree of political support
@COPYRIGHT 2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 1
,8. Time frame for assessment
9. Available resources to carry out the assessment
10. The cost and benefits of the assessment
What is a community assessment? - ANS - A process of gathering, analyzing, and reporting
information about the needs and the capacities or strengths that are also currently available in
your community meet those needs.
- Part of a complex process of identifying & responding to problems, needs, issues affecting
population.
What are 3 basic steps of Community Health Assessment? - ANS 1. Gather (data gathering
and generation)
2. Analyze (data interpretation and needs identification)
3. Prioritize (setting priorities and resource evaluation)
Stakeholders - ANS Anyone & everyone who has an interest in/stake in the community and
community process
Gatekeepers - ANS The person, people, or institutions that hold the power to let you in or
keep you out.
Environmental scan is - ANS - Broad overview of a community to see "what's what"
- "Look, listen, and watch" at different times, days
For environmental scan, consider: - ANS - The appropriateness of an environmental scan for
the purpose of assessment.
- How your own assumptions and expectations might affect the assessment process
- Ethical issues, factors related to SDOH, equity, social justice in the assessment of process and
analysis
For Problem investigation, consider: - ANS - Who has identified problems and how is framed
@COPYRIGHT 2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 2
,- Power dynamics in the community overall and in the identification of the problem
- Solutions that are being suggested and by whom
- How your own assumptions and expectation may affect the process
- Ethical issues, SDOH, equity, social justice
Resource evaluation is: - ANS - Evaluating existing resources and services
- Examining if resources meet identified needs; if they are appropriate to the demographics
- Often done when service use has changed
For resource evaluation, consider: - ANS - Whether the issue is about services/resources,
shifting demographics, or something else
-Implications of the social, political, and economic realities on the potential for change
- Who is advocating for change and issues of power
- Influence your own assumptions and expectations on the process
- Ethical issues, SDOH, equity, social justice
For needs assessment, consider: - ANS - Whose needs are being expressed
- Whether they are needs or wants
- Where to being - small or big issues?
- The power dynamics
- How your assumptions and expectations might affect the process
- The ethical issue and factors related to SDOH, equity, social justice
4 types of needs - ANS 1. normative needs: determined by experts through professional
analysis
2. felt need: what ppl say they need
3. Expressed need: felt need turned into action
4. Comparative need: comparing services or resources of one area to another similar area
@COPYRIGHT 2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 3
, What are some of the factors to consider when obtaining data? - ANS - history of the
community
- Perception of community by both CHN and community
- Population demographics
- Physical, socioeconomic environment
- Education and healthy child development
- Culture and religion
- health and social services
- governance and politics
5 questions to ask for analyzing data - ANS 1. What is the interplay btw data sources -
support or contradict?
2. What are the primary issues that need to be addressed and what tells you so?
3. What capacities exist?
4. What challenges exist?
5. Do you have all the data you need or is something missing?
What is a community development? - ANS Involves members of a community collectively
participate in identifying health issues, set priorities, develop interventions, and implement
them
Both a process and an outcome.
What is community empowerment process? - ANS Empowering interactions and actions
within the community and in relation to broader society
What is community empowerment outcome? - ANS The community achieving an increased
level of capacity to take control of they health challenges and advocate for equity.
What are some central principles of community development? - ANS - Focus remains on the
community
@COPYRIGHT 2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 4
