Red Cross PALS Final Exam | Actual Exam Questions &
100% Correct Answers | Latest Update 2026 |
Certification Exam Prep
1. Which of the following statements about shock in infants and children is the
most accurate?
Early signs of shock can be subtle in children.
Wait for signs of hypotensive shock to clearly develop before treating
a child for shock.
Definitive care for children with shock takes places in the prehospital
environment.
Hypovolemia from head trauma does not occur in children.
2. An athlete is experiencing acute symptoms of asthma, including wheezing
and difficulty breathing. Which of the following agents would be appropriate
to administer in this situation?
Salmeterol
Zileuton
Fluticasone
Albuterol
3. A 4-year-old child is brought to the emergency department by the parents.
Assessment reveals that the child has only gasping respirations and the pulse
rate is 65 beats per minute. Which action would the provider initiate first?
Deliver 1 BVM ventilation every 2 to 3 seconds.
Check pulse and breathing every 2 minutes.
Prepare the manual defibrillator.
, Begin chest compressions.
4. In a scenario where a child presents with an ECG showing ventricular
fibrillation and is unresponsive, what should be the immediate action taken
by the PALS team?
Start chest compressions
Administer epinephrine
Administer defibrillation
Provide oxygen
5. What is the first step the medical team should take when preparing to
administer medications to a pediatric patient in cardiac arrest?
Start chest compressions immediately.
Determine the child's weight or use an age-based weight estimation.
Check the child's blood pressure.
Administer medications based on adult dosages.
6. In a scenario where a 4-year-old with suspected hypovolemic shock is being
treated, what is the most critical initial intervention to improve the patient's
condition?
Performing chest compressions
Providing oxygen therapy
Administering epinephrine
Fluid resuscitation
7. What is the first action to take for a child in ventricular fibrillation according to
PALS guidelines?
Defibrillation
, Provide oxygen
Start chest compressions
Administer epinephrine
8. What are the three components assessed in the Pediatric Assessment
Triangle (PAT)?
Appearance, Work of Breathing, Circulation to the Skin
Breath Sounds, Heart Sounds, Skin Color
Heart Rate, Blood Pressure, Respiratory Rate
Skin Temperature, Capillary Refill, Consciousness
9. Per the pediatric ventricular fibrillation pulseless ventricular tachycardia
protocol, the first consideration in such patients is (pediatric ventricular
fibrillation pulseless ventricular tachycardia protocol)
Capnography
Initiate prompt CPR
Pediatric airway protocol
Defibrillation
10. What is the primary goal in managing a child experiencing shock?
To balance tissue perfusion and metabolic demand.
To perform immediate CPR.
To increase the child's heart rate.
To administer high doses of medication.
11. What is the primary goal of post-cardiac arrest care in pediatric patients?
, To prevent infection.
To stabilize blood pressure.
To ensure proper hydration.
To optimize neurological outcomes.
12. The mnemonic TICLS is used to assess
the airway and circulation of a child
the appearance of a child
the skin tone of a child
the respiratory quality of a child
13. Describe the significance of measuring lactate levels in a child presenting
with signs of dehydration and lethargy.
Measuring lactate levels helps assess the child's metabolic state
and indicates the adequacy of oxygen delivery to tissues.
Measuring lactate levels evaluates the child's kidney function.
Measuring lactate levels determines the child's blood sugar levels.
Measuring lactate levels identifies the presence of infection.
14. What is the recommended IV/IO dose of epinephrine for a child
experiencing cardiac arrest?
0.5 mg/kg
0.01 mg/kg
1 mg/kg
0.1 mg/kg
15. In a scenario where a child has regained spontaneous circulation but shows
100% Correct Answers | Latest Update 2026 |
Certification Exam Prep
1. Which of the following statements about shock in infants and children is the
most accurate?
Early signs of shock can be subtle in children.
Wait for signs of hypotensive shock to clearly develop before treating
a child for shock.
Definitive care for children with shock takes places in the prehospital
environment.
Hypovolemia from head trauma does not occur in children.
2. An athlete is experiencing acute symptoms of asthma, including wheezing
and difficulty breathing. Which of the following agents would be appropriate
to administer in this situation?
Salmeterol
Zileuton
Fluticasone
Albuterol
3. A 4-year-old child is brought to the emergency department by the parents.
Assessment reveals that the child has only gasping respirations and the pulse
rate is 65 beats per minute. Which action would the provider initiate first?
Deliver 1 BVM ventilation every 2 to 3 seconds.
Check pulse and breathing every 2 minutes.
Prepare the manual defibrillator.
, Begin chest compressions.
4. In a scenario where a child presents with an ECG showing ventricular
fibrillation and is unresponsive, what should be the immediate action taken
by the PALS team?
Start chest compressions
Administer epinephrine
Administer defibrillation
Provide oxygen
5. What is the first step the medical team should take when preparing to
administer medications to a pediatric patient in cardiac arrest?
Start chest compressions immediately.
Determine the child's weight or use an age-based weight estimation.
Check the child's blood pressure.
Administer medications based on adult dosages.
6. In a scenario where a 4-year-old with suspected hypovolemic shock is being
treated, what is the most critical initial intervention to improve the patient's
condition?
Performing chest compressions
Providing oxygen therapy
Administering epinephrine
Fluid resuscitation
7. What is the first action to take for a child in ventricular fibrillation according to
PALS guidelines?
Defibrillation
, Provide oxygen
Start chest compressions
Administer epinephrine
8. What are the three components assessed in the Pediatric Assessment
Triangle (PAT)?
Appearance, Work of Breathing, Circulation to the Skin
Breath Sounds, Heart Sounds, Skin Color
Heart Rate, Blood Pressure, Respiratory Rate
Skin Temperature, Capillary Refill, Consciousness
9. Per the pediatric ventricular fibrillation pulseless ventricular tachycardia
protocol, the first consideration in such patients is (pediatric ventricular
fibrillation pulseless ventricular tachycardia protocol)
Capnography
Initiate prompt CPR
Pediatric airway protocol
Defibrillation
10. What is the primary goal in managing a child experiencing shock?
To balance tissue perfusion and metabolic demand.
To perform immediate CPR.
To increase the child's heart rate.
To administer high doses of medication.
11. What is the primary goal of post-cardiac arrest care in pediatric patients?
, To prevent infection.
To stabilize blood pressure.
To ensure proper hydration.
To optimize neurological outcomes.
12. The mnemonic TICLS is used to assess
the airway and circulation of a child
the appearance of a child
the skin tone of a child
the respiratory quality of a child
13. Describe the significance of measuring lactate levels in a child presenting
with signs of dehydration and lethargy.
Measuring lactate levels helps assess the child's metabolic state
and indicates the adequacy of oxygen delivery to tissues.
Measuring lactate levels evaluates the child's kidney function.
Measuring lactate levels determines the child's blood sugar levels.
Measuring lactate levels identifies the presence of infection.
14. What is the recommended IV/IO dose of epinephrine for a child
experiencing cardiac arrest?
0.5 mg/kg
0.01 mg/kg
1 mg/kg
0.1 mg/kg
15. In a scenario where a child has regained spontaneous circulation but shows
