1
ATI PEDIATRICS PROCTORED EXAM 2026 RETAKE EXAM
SET 2: 100 ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED ANSWERS
ASSESSMENT AND DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES
1. A nurse is assessing a 9-month-old infant. Which of the following findings requires
further intervention?
A. Positive Babinski reflex
B. Positive Moro reflex
C. Negative Doll's eye reflex
D. Negative Crawl reflex
Correct Answer: B. Positive Moro reflex
Rationale: The Moro reflex typically disappears by 3-4 months of age. Its presence in a 9-
month-old infant indicates a delay in neurological development and requires further
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evaluation. The Babinski reflex can persist until 1 year of age, a negative Doll's eye reflex is
normal, and the Crawl reflex disappears after 6 months, so a negative finding at 9 months is
expected .
2. A nurse is assessing a 3-year-old toddler at a well-child visit. Which of the following
manifestations should the nurse report to the provider?
A. Blood pressure 90/50 mm Hg
B. Respiratory rate 45/min
C. Weight 14.5 kg (32 lb)
D. Heart rate 110/min
Correct Answer: B. Respiratory rate 45/min
Rationale: A respiratory rate of 45/min is above the expected reference range for a 3-year-
old (typically 20-30 breaths per minute) and can indicate respiratory dysfunction and acute
respiratory distress. Therefore, the nurse should report this finding to the provider
immediately .
3. A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of an infant receiving treatment for
dehydration. Which of the following findings indicates effectiveness of the current
treatment?
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A. Potassium 2.9 mEq/L
B. Sodium 140 mEq/L
C. Urine specific gravity 1.035
D. BUN 25 mg/dL
Correct Answer: B. Sodium 140 mEq/L
Rationale: The nurse should identify that a sodium level of 140 mEq/L is within the
expected reference range (135-145) and indicates the current treatment regimen the infant
is receiving for dehydration is effective. Hypokalemia (2.9), concentrated urine (1.035), and
elevated BUN (25) all indicate continued dehydration or electrolyte imbalance .
4. A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of a toddler who has hemolytic uremic
syndrome. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
A. Creatinine 0.3 mg/dL
B. Hgb 18 g/dL
C. Urine casts absent
D. BUN 28 mg/dL
Correct Answer: D. BUN 28 mg/dL
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Rationale: Hemolytic uremic syndrome is characterized by acute renal failure,
microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and thrombocytopenia. An elevated BUN (above 20
mg/dL) is expected due to renal impairment. Creatinine would be elevated (not low),
hemoglobin would be decreased (not elevated), and urine casts are typically present .
5. A nurse is assessing a child's neurological status. Which of the following is an early
sign of increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
A. Decorticate posturing
B. Fixed, dilated pupils
C. Irritability
D. Cheyne-Stokes respirations
Correct Answer: C. Irritability
Rationale: Early signs of increased ICP include irritability, headache, vomiting, and blurred
vision. Late signs include posturing (decorticate/decerebrate), pupil changes (fixed, dilated),
and irregular respirations (Cheyne-Stokes) .
6. A nurse is auscultating the lungs of an adolescent who has asthma. The nurse
should identify the sound as which of the following?
ATI PEDIATRICS PROCTORED EXAM 2026 RETAKE EXAM
SET 2: 100 ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED ANSWERS
ASSESSMENT AND DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES
1. A nurse is assessing a 9-month-old infant. Which of the following findings requires
further intervention?
A. Positive Babinski reflex
B. Positive Moro reflex
C. Negative Doll's eye reflex
D. Negative Crawl reflex
Correct Answer: B. Positive Moro reflex
Rationale: The Moro reflex typically disappears by 3-4 months of age. Its presence in a 9-
month-old infant indicates a delay in neurological development and requires further
,2
evaluation. The Babinski reflex can persist until 1 year of age, a negative Doll's eye reflex is
normal, and the Crawl reflex disappears after 6 months, so a negative finding at 9 months is
expected .
2. A nurse is assessing a 3-year-old toddler at a well-child visit. Which of the following
manifestations should the nurse report to the provider?
A. Blood pressure 90/50 mm Hg
B. Respiratory rate 45/min
C. Weight 14.5 kg (32 lb)
D. Heart rate 110/min
Correct Answer: B. Respiratory rate 45/min
Rationale: A respiratory rate of 45/min is above the expected reference range for a 3-year-
old (typically 20-30 breaths per minute) and can indicate respiratory dysfunction and acute
respiratory distress. Therefore, the nurse should report this finding to the provider
immediately .
3. A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of an infant receiving treatment for
dehydration. Which of the following findings indicates effectiveness of the current
treatment?
,3
A. Potassium 2.9 mEq/L
B. Sodium 140 mEq/L
C. Urine specific gravity 1.035
D. BUN 25 mg/dL
Correct Answer: B. Sodium 140 mEq/L
Rationale: The nurse should identify that a sodium level of 140 mEq/L is within the
expected reference range (135-145) and indicates the current treatment regimen the infant
is receiving for dehydration is effective. Hypokalemia (2.9), concentrated urine (1.035), and
elevated BUN (25) all indicate continued dehydration or electrolyte imbalance .
4. A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of a toddler who has hemolytic uremic
syndrome. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
A. Creatinine 0.3 mg/dL
B. Hgb 18 g/dL
C. Urine casts absent
D. BUN 28 mg/dL
Correct Answer: D. BUN 28 mg/dL
, 4
Rationale: Hemolytic uremic syndrome is characterized by acute renal failure,
microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and thrombocytopenia. An elevated BUN (above 20
mg/dL) is expected due to renal impairment. Creatinine would be elevated (not low),
hemoglobin would be decreased (not elevated), and urine casts are typically present .
5. A nurse is assessing a child's neurological status. Which of the following is an early
sign of increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
A. Decorticate posturing
B. Fixed, dilated pupils
C. Irritability
D. Cheyne-Stokes respirations
Correct Answer: C. Irritability
Rationale: Early signs of increased ICP include irritability, headache, vomiting, and blurred
vision. Late signs include posturing (decorticate/decerebrate), pupil changes (fixed, dilated),
and irregular respirations (Cheyne-Stokes) .
6. A nurse is auscultating the lungs of an adolescent who has asthma. The nurse
should identify the sound as which of the following?
