Human Physiology 261 Midterm Exam Questions
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Terms in this set (287)
Physiology The study of normal functioning of a living
organism and its component parts
Homeostasis Regulation of the body's internal environment, by
quickly, restoring, changed conditions and
returning back to normal.
maintains the internal stability of our bodies
making sure we don't deviate from normal.
Deviation will lead to illness
Teleological approach the function of the system is explaining the why.
example would be that cells need oxygen, so red
blood cells bring it to them.
Mechanistic approach The process/mechanism describes the how.
Example oxygen will bind to hemoglobin
molecules within the red blood cells
Pathophysiology Abnormal functioning systems
,Negative feedback loop Stabilizes the variable. The response. The
stimulus.
Example, body temperature, blood pressure,
blood sugar, and fluid content
Positive feedback loop Reinforces the stimulus
Example childbirth
Levels of organization from Atom, molecules, macromolecule, organelle, cell,
Smallest to largest tissue, Organ, organ system, organism
What is the smallest functioning unit Cell
in the body?
What is a theory? A scientific opinion that was replicated by other
scientist it is supported by data on multiple
occasions
Hypothesis A scientific logical guess
, Experimental design Observation
Hypothesis
Experimental data
Replication
Model
Theory
Independent variable What is changed
dependent variable What is observed
Controlled variable What is kept the same
Crossover study You use the same person twice one for placebo
and one for the regular experiment
Placebo A treatment that appears real, but it's designed I
have no therapeutic benefit
Example giving someone a sugar pill
Nocebo A harmless substance or treatment that may
cause harmful. Side effects are worsening of
symptoms, because the patient thinks or believes
they may occur or expects them to occur.
Double blind studies A clinical trial, in which neither the participants
nor the researcher know which study group the
patients are in.
& Answers | Latest Already Graded A+ UPDATE
2026!! Study Guide
Save
Terms in this set (287)
Physiology The study of normal functioning of a living
organism and its component parts
Homeostasis Regulation of the body's internal environment, by
quickly, restoring, changed conditions and
returning back to normal.
maintains the internal stability of our bodies
making sure we don't deviate from normal.
Deviation will lead to illness
Teleological approach the function of the system is explaining the why.
example would be that cells need oxygen, so red
blood cells bring it to them.
Mechanistic approach The process/mechanism describes the how.
Example oxygen will bind to hemoglobin
molecules within the red blood cells
Pathophysiology Abnormal functioning systems
,Negative feedback loop Stabilizes the variable. The response. The
stimulus.
Example, body temperature, blood pressure,
blood sugar, and fluid content
Positive feedback loop Reinforces the stimulus
Example childbirth
Levels of organization from Atom, molecules, macromolecule, organelle, cell,
Smallest to largest tissue, Organ, organ system, organism
What is the smallest functioning unit Cell
in the body?
What is a theory? A scientific opinion that was replicated by other
scientist it is supported by data on multiple
occasions
Hypothesis A scientific logical guess
, Experimental design Observation
Hypothesis
Experimental data
Replication
Model
Theory
Independent variable What is changed
dependent variable What is observed
Controlled variable What is kept the same
Crossover study You use the same person twice one for placebo
and one for the regular experiment
Placebo A treatment that appears real, but it's designed I
have no therapeutic benefit
Example giving someone a sugar pill
Nocebo A harmless substance or treatment that may
cause harmful. Side effects are worsening of
symptoms, because the patient thinks or believes
they may occur or expects them to occur.
Double blind studies A clinical trial, in which neither the participants
nor the researcher know which study group the
patients are in.
