jr RRRR
Chemistry: Structure and Properties 2nd Ed[tro]
jr jr jr jr jr
Chemistry: Structure And Properties 2nd Edition By Nivaldo J. Tro
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
jr Test Bank, Questions And Answers (All Chapters 1-22)
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
Prose1 Stuvia
jr
,Chapter 1: Atoms
jr jr
Chapter 2: The Quantum-Mechanical Model of the Atom
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
Chapter 3: Periodic Properties of the Elements
jr jr jr jr jr jr
Chapter 4: Molecules and Compounds
jr jr jr jr
Chapter 5: Chemical Bonding I: Drawing Lewis Structures and Determining
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
Molecular Shapes
jr jr
Chapter 6: Chemical Bonding II: Valence Bond Theory and Molecular Orbital Theory
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
Chapter 7: Chemical Reactions and Chemical Quantities
jr jr jr jr jr jr
Chapter 8: Introduction to Solutions and Aqueous Reactions
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
Chapter 9: Thermochemistry
jr jr
Chapter 10: Gases
jr jr
Chapter 11: Liquids, Solids, Intermolecular Forces, and Phase Diagrams
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
Chapter 12: Crystalline Solids and Modern Materials
jr jr jr jr jr jr
Chapter 13: Solutions
jr jr
Chapter 14: Chemical Kinetics
jr jr jr
Chapter 15: Chemical Equilibrium
jr jr jr
Chapter 16: Acids and Bases
jr jr jr jr
Chapter 17: Aqueous Ionic Equilibrium
jr jr jr jr
Chapter 18: Free Energy and Thermodynamics
jr jr jr jr jr
Chapter 19: Electrochemistry
jr jr
Chapter 20: Radioactivity and Nuclear Chemistry
jr jr jr jr jr
Chapter 21: Organic Chemistry
jr jr jr
Chapter 22: Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds
jr jr jr jr jr jr
,Chapter 1: Atoms - Test Bank jr jr jr jr jr
Multiple Choice Questions (25 Questions) jr jr jr jr
1) An element has three stable isotopes with masses of 27.977 amu, 28.976 amu,
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
jr and 29.973 amu. The heavier two isotopes have an abundance of 4.68% and 3.09%,
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
jr respectively. What is the atomic mass of the element? jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
A) 27.684 amu
jr jr
B) 29.251 amu
jr jr
C) 28.085 amu
jr jr
D) 30.107 amu
jr jr
E) 28.991 amu
jr jr
Answer: C jr
Explanation: To find the atomic mass, calculate the weighted average of the isotopic jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
jr masses. The lightest isotope's abundance is 100% - (4.68% + 3.09%) = 92.23%. The
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
jr calculation is (0.9223 × 27.977 amu) + (0.0468 × 28.976 amu) + (0.0309 × 29.973 amu) =
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
jr 25.80 amu + 1.356 amu + 0.926 amu = 28.082 amu, which rounds to 28.085 amu .
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
2) All of the following will lead to a homogeneous mixture EXCEPT
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
A) sugar and coffee.
jr jr jr
B) mud and water.
jr jr jr
C) salt and water.
jr jr jr
D) iced tea and lemonade.
jr jr jr jr
E) vinegar and water.
jr jr jr
Answer: B jr
Explanation: A homogeneous mixture has a uniform composition throughout. Sugar in jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
jr coffee, salt in water, iced tea and lemonade, and vinegar in water all create uniform
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
jr solutions. Mud and water is a suspension where visible particles of mud settle over time,
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
jr making it a heterogeneous mixture .
jr jr jr jr jr
, 3) How are gases different from solids and liquids?
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
A) Gases can only be made up of atoms.
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
B) The particles in a gas attract each other much more strongly than in solids and liquids.
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
C) Gases are compressible.
jr jr jr
D) Only gases can take the shape of their container.
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
E) Gases are colorless.
jr jr jr
Answer: C jr
Explanation: The key difference is that gases are compressible due to the large amount jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
jr of empty space between their rapidly moving particles. Solids and liquids have particles
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
jr that are much closer together, making them nearly incompressible .
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
4) A scientific law
jr jr jr
A) is a brief statement that summarizes past observations and makes predictions.
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
B) is subject to change via legal action.
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
C) contains an explanation of observations.
jr jr jr jr jr
D) must have a mathematical formula.
jr jr jr jr jr
E) cannot be modified.
jr jr jr
Answer: A jr
Explanation: A scientific law is a concise statement or mathematical equation that jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
jr summarizes a wide range of observations and can be used to predict future phenomena.
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
jr It describes what happens, while a theory explains why it happens .
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
5) All statements about scientific theories are true EXCEPT
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
A) they explain why nature behaves the way it does.
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
B) they must have the ability to make predictions on future behavior.
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
C) they should use observations to test the theory.
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
D) they are derived from a hypothesis.
jr jr jr jr jr jr
E) they are speculation.
jr jr jr
Answer: E jr
Explanation: Scientific theories are well-substantiated explanations of some aspect of the jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
jr natural world, based on a body of facts that have been repeatedly confirmed through
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
Chemistry: Structure and Properties 2nd Ed[tro]
jr jr jr jr jr
Chemistry: Structure And Properties 2nd Edition By Nivaldo J. Tro
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
jr Test Bank, Questions And Answers (All Chapters 1-22)
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
Prose1 Stuvia
jr
,Chapter 1: Atoms
jr jr
Chapter 2: The Quantum-Mechanical Model of the Atom
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
Chapter 3: Periodic Properties of the Elements
jr jr jr jr jr jr
Chapter 4: Molecules and Compounds
jr jr jr jr
Chapter 5: Chemical Bonding I: Drawing Lewis Structures and Determining
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
Molecular Shapes
jr jr
Chapter 6: Chemical Bonding II: Valence Bond Theory and Molecular Orbital Theory
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
Chapter 7: Chemical Reactions and Chemical Quantities
jr jr jr jr jr jr
Chapter 8: Introduction to Solutions and Aqueous Reactions
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
Chapter 9: Thermochemistry
jr jr
Chapter 10: Gases
jr jr
Chapter 11: Liquids, Solids, Intermolecular Forces, and Phase Diagrams
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
Chapter 12: Crystalline Solids and Modern Materials
jr jr jr jr jr jr
Chapter 13: Solutions
jr jr
Chapter 14: Chemical Kinetics
jr jr jr
Chapter 15: Chemical Equilibrium
jr jr jr
Chapter 16: Acids and Bases
jr jr jr jr
Chapter 17: Aqueous Ionic Equilibrium
jr jr jr jr
Chapter 18: Free Energy and Thermodynamics
jr jr jr jr jr
Chapter 19: Electrochemistry
jr jr
Chapter 20: Radioactivity and Nuclear Chemistry
jr jr jr jr jr
Chapter 21: Organic Chemistry
jr jr jr
Chapter 22: Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds
jr jr jr jr jr jr
,Chapter 1: Atoms - Test Bank jr jr jr jr jr
Multiple Choice Questions (25 Questions) jr jr jr jr
1) An element has three stable isotopes with masses of 27.977 amu, 28.976 amu,
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
jr and 29.973 amu. The heavier two isotopes have an abundance of 4.68% and 3.09%,
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
jr respectively. What is the atomic mass of the element? jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
A) 27.684 amu
jr jr
B) 29.251 amu
jr jr
C) 28.085 amu
jr jr
D) 30.107 amu
jr jr
E) 28.991 amu
jr jr
Answer: C jr
Explanation: To find the atomic mass, calculate the weighted average of the isotopic jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
jr masses. The lightest isotope's abundance is 100% - (4.68% + 3.09%) = 92.23%. The
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
jr calculation is (0.9223 × 27.977 amu) + (0.0468 × 28.976 amu) + (0.0309 × 29.973 amu) =
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
jr 25.80 amu + 1.356 amu + 0.926 amu = 28.082 amu, which rounds to 28.085 amu .
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
2) All of the following will lead to a homogeneous mixture EXCEPT
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
A) sugar and coffee.
jr jr jr
B) mud and water.
jr jr jr
C) salt and water.
jr jr jr
D) iced tea and lemonade.
jr jr jr jr
E) vinegar and water.
jr jr jr
Answer: B jr
Explanation: A homogeneous mixture has a uniform composition throughout. Sugar in jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
jr coffee, salt in water, iced tea and lemonade, and vinegar in water all create uniform
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
jr solutions. Mud and water is a suspension where visible particles of mud settle over time,
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
jr making it a heterogeneous mixture .
jr jr jr jr jr
, 3) How are gases different from solids and liquids?
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
A) Gases can only be made up of atoms.
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
B) The particles in a gas attract each other much more strongly than in solids and liquids.
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
C) Gases are compressible.
jr jr jr
D) Only gases can take the shape of their container.
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
E) Gases are colorless.
jr jr jr
Answer: C jr
Explanation: The key difference is that gases are compressible due to the large amount jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
jr of empty space between their rapidly moving particles. Solids and liquids have particles
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
jr that are much closer together, making them nearly incompressible .
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
4) A scientific law
jr jr jr
A) is a brief statement that summarizes past observations and makes predictions.
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
B) is subject to change via legal action.
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
C) contains an explanation of observations.
jr jr jr jr jr
D) must have a mathematical formula.
jr jr jr jr jr
E) cannot be modified.
jr jr jr
Answer: A jr
Explanation: A scientific law is a concise statement or mathematical equation that jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
jr summarizes a wide range of observations and can be used to predict future phenomena.
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
jr It describes what happens, while a theory explains why it happens .
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
5) All statements about scientific theories are true EXCEPT
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
A) they explain why nature behaves the way it does.
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
B) they must have the ability to make predictions on future behavior.
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
C) they should use observations to test the theory.
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
D) they are derived from a hypothesis.
jr jr jr jr jr jr
E) they are speculation.
jr jr jr
Answer: E jr
Explanation: Scientific theories are well-substantiated explanations of some aspect of the jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
jr natural world, based on a body of facts that have been repeatedly confirmed through
jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr jr
