The Darkside of Electric Vehicles
Electric vehicles in society:
- Common questions that reside with EV and society are:
o How long will it take me to charge?
o Are lithium batteries safe for the environment?
o What happens if I cannot get to my destination, I have range anxiety!
- But first we need to understand the issues that lay within the automobile sector which
became the driving shift for electric vehicles to be instigated into society.
Issues with the automobile sector:
- There has been an increase in pollution due to the automobile sector which has caused
debates within the political sphere, societal and scholar discourse.
- The transportation sector has held significant issue being one of the major sources of
greenhouse gas emissions (GHG’s) causing an outcry of public support to reduce emissions
across sectors.
- The transportation sector is the 2nd largest source of CO2 emissions equating to 22% of
total global emissions.
- Due to the widespread adoption of internal computation engine vehicles (ICEV’s), energy
security issues, air pollution and large-scale energy consumption are challenges facing the
automobile industry.
Carbon emission by country 2021 report:
- China and US equate to just under 45% of the world’s carbon emissions.
- Highly populated developing countries inhibit over 63% of global emissions.
- This leads us to wonder how countries can reduce their carbon footprint
An evolving automobile sector:
The automobile sector due to an increase in the worlds carbon footprint in alignment with
governmental legislation, took measures to control vehicular emissions by the following:
- Better emission standards and quality control measures for automobile fuel.
- The elimination of old vehicles with by back schemes
- Increased road pricing/tax measures to incentivize buying new cars.
- The development of electric vehicles.
A brief history into electric cars:
- The invention of the first electric vehicle stems from the works of the late 1820’s and early
1830s, from a horse and buggy to the first small scale battery-powered vehicle
developed by inventors from the UK, USA, Hungary and Netherlands.
- British inventor Robert Anderson created the first crude oil electric vehicle and is largely
regarded as a pioneer within the field.
- French physicist Gaston Planté invented the first lead-acid battery which paved away to
store electricity on board a vehicle.
- 1970s saw the government recommend the use of EEV’s to reduce air pollution and gas
prices due to soaring prices.
- 2017-Present inhibits more than 2 million cars in use globally.
Defining electric vehicles:
- An electric vehicle is conceptualized as a vehicle that is propelled by an electric motor
drawing current from rechargeable storage batteries (AIS 138-Part2, 2016).
, - Classification of EV’s
Branches of EVs:
- Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs):
o Incorporates a battery which provides an extra boost of power in addition to the
IC engine.
o The battery is recharged through regenerative braking
o HV’s do not connect to an external electric supply.
- Plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs):
o Solely powered by a battery
o Needs to be charged through plugging into power outlet
o Plug-in Hybrid EVs and Battery EVs
Typologies of EVs:
- Plug in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs):
o Powered by electric and/or IC engines
o Incorporates a charge depleting and charge sustaining mode
o Holds a reduced tail-pipe emission
- Batter electric vehicles (BEVs):
o Powered fully by electricity
o Charged by connoting through an external electricity source/regenerative braking
o Account for two-third of global electric car fleet
- HEV: Both electricity and internal combustion
- PHEV: Can operate on both electricity and internal combustion
Electric vehicles in society:
- Common questions that reside with EV and society are:
o How long will it take me to charge?
o Are lithium batteries safe for the environment?
o What happens if I cannot get to my destination, I have range anxiety!
- But first we need to understand the issues that lay within the automobile sector which
became the driving shift for electric vehicles to be instigated into society.
Issues with the automobile sector:
- There has been an increase in pollution due to the automobile sector which has caused
debates within the political sphere, societal and scholar discourse.
- The transportation sector has held significant issue being one of the major sources of
greenhouse gas emissions (GHG’s) causing an outcry of public support to reduce emissions
across sectors.
- The transportation sector is the 2nd largest source of CO2 emissions equating to 22% of
total global emissions.
- Due to the widespread adoption of internal computation engine vehicles (ICEV’s), energy
security issues, air pollution and large-scale energy consumption are challenges facing the
automobile industry.
Carbon emission by country 2021 report:
- China and US equate to just under 45% of the world’s carbon emissions.
- Highly populated developing countries inhibit over 63% of global emissions.
- This leads us to wonder how countries can reduce their carbon footprint
An evolving automobile sector:
The automobile sector due to an increase in the worlds carbon footprint in alignment with
governmental legislation, took measures to control vehicular emissions by the following:
- Better emission standards and quality control measures for automobile fuel.
- The elimination of old vehicles with by back schemes
- Increased road pricing/tax measures to incentivize buying new cars.
- The development of electric vehicles.
A brief history into electric cars:
- The invention of the first electric vehicle stems from the works of the late 1820’s and early
1830s, from a horse and buggy to the first small scale battery-powered vehicle
developed by inventors from the UK, USA, Hungary and Netherlands.
- British inventor Robert Anderson created the first crude oil electric vehicle and is largely
regarded as a pioneer within the field.
- French physicist Gaston Planté invented the first lead-acid battery which paved away to
store electricity on board a vehicle.
- 1970s saw the government recommend the use of EEV’s to reduce air pollution and gas
prices due to soaring prices.
- 2017-Present inhibits more than 2 million cars in use globally.
Defining electric vehicles:
- An electric vehicle is conceptualized as a vehicle that is propelled by an electric motor
drawing current from rechargeable storage batteries (AIS 138-Part2, 2016).
, - Classification of EV’s
Branches of EVs:
- Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs):
o Incorporates a battery which provides an extra boost of power in addition to the
IC engine.
o The battery is recharged through regenerative braking
o HV’s do not connect to an external electric supply.
- Plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs):
o Solely powered by a battery
o Needs to be charged through plugging into power outlet
o Plug-in Hybrid EVs and Battery EVs
Typologies of EVs:
- Plug in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs):
o Powered by electric and/or IC engines
o Incorporates a charge depleting and charge sustaining mode
o Holds a reduced tail-pipe emission
- Batter electric vehicles (BEVs):
o Powered fully by electricity
o Charged by connoting through an external electricity source/regenerative braking
o Account for two-third of global electric car fleet
- HEV: Both electricity and internal combustion
- PHEV: Can operate on both electricity and internal combustion
