NBME CBSE: PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCES
PT. 1 ALL QUESTIONS AND WELL
ELABORATED ANSWERS TOP RATED
VERSION A+ GRADED|BRAND NEW
What is a case series? - CORRECT ANSWER (S) -Description of clinical
findings/symptoms for several patients with the same diagnosis, treatment, or
outcome.
What is a cross-sectional study? - CORRECT ANSWER (S) -Assesses the frequency
of disease and risk-related factors in the present.
What is a case-control study? - CORRECT ANSWER (S) -Retrospectively compares a
group of people with a disease to a group without the disease to determine if
odds of prior exposure/risk factor differ.
,What is a cohort study? - CORRECT ANSWER (S) -Compares a group of people with
a given exposure/risk factor to a group without exposure to determine if the
exposure/risk factor is associated with later development of disease.
What is a twin concordance study? - CORRECT ANSWER (S) -Compares the
frequency with which both monozygotic twins vs both dizygotic twins develop the
same disease to measure heritability and influence of environmental factors.
What is an adoption study? - CORRECT ANSWER (S) -Compares behavioral
traits/genetics in siblings raised by biological vs adoptive parents to measure
heritability and influence of environmental factors.
What is an ecological study? - CORRECT ANSWER (S) -Compares the frequency of
disease and risk-related factors across populations to measure population data
(not applicable to individuals).
,What is a clinic therapeutic trial? - CORRECT ANSWER (S) -An experimental study
involving humans that compares the benefits of two or more interventions.
What are the criteria for a high-quality clinical trial? - CORRECT ANSWER (S) -
Randomized, controlled, and double-blinded
What is a crossover clinical trial? - CORRECT ANSWER (S) -Compares the effect of
multiple treatments on a subject
What is the purpose of randomizing the order of treatments in a crossover trial? -
CORRECT ANSWER (S) -To avoid bias
What is a washout period in a crossover trial? - CORRECT ANSWER (S) -A period
between treatments to eliminate any lingering effects
What is the advantage of using a crossover trial? - CORRECT ANSWER (S) -Subjects
serve as their own controls
, What is the intention-to-treat analysis? - CORRECT ANSWER (S) -Analyzing all
subjects according to their original assigned treatment
What is the purpose of intention-to-treat analysis? - CORRECT ANSWER (S) -To
avoid bias from attrition, crossover, and noncompliance
What is the disadvantage of intention-to-treat analysis? - CORRECT ANSWER (S) -
May dilute the true effects of the intervention
What is the as-treated analysis? - CORRECT ANSWER (S) -Analyzing subjects
according to the treatment they actually received
What is the disadvantage of as-treated analysis? - CORRECT ANSWER (S) -
Increases the risk of bias
PT. 1 ALL QUESTIONS AND WELL
ELABORATED ANSWERS TOP RATED
VERSION A+ GRADED|BRAND NEW
What is a case series? - CORRECT ANSWER (S) -Description of clinical
findings/symptoms for several patients with the same diagnosis, treatment, or
outcome.
What is a cross-sectional study? - CORRECT ANSWER (S) -Assesses the frequency
of disease and risk-related factors in the present.
What is a case-control study? - CORRECT ANSWER (S) -Retrospectively compares a
group of people with a disease to a group without the disease to determine if
odds of prior exposure/risk factor differ.
,What is a cohort study? - CORRECT ANSWER (S) -Compares a group of people with
a given exposure/risk factor to a group without exposure to determine if the
exposure/risk factor is associated with later development of disease.
What is a twin concordance study? - CORRECT ANSWER (S) -Compares the
frequency with which both monozygotic twins vs both dizygotic twins develop the
same disease to measure heritability and influence of environmental factors.
What is an adoption study? - CORRECT ANSWER (S) -Compares behavioral
traits/genetics in siblings raised by biological vs adoptive parents to measure
heritability and influence of environmental factors.
What is an ecological study? - CORRECT ANSWER (S) -Compares the frequency of
disease and risk-related factors across populations to measure population data
(not applicable to individuals).
,What is a clinic therapeutic trial? - CORRECT ANSWER (S) -An experimental study
involving humans that compares the benefits of two or more interventions.
What are the criteria for a high-quality clinical trial? - CORRECT ANSWER (S) -
Randomized, controlled, and double-blinded
What is a crossover clinical trial? - CORRECT ANSWER (S) -Compares the effect of
multiple treatments on a subject
What is the purpose of randomizing the order of treatments in a crossover trial? -
CORRECT ANSWER (S) -To avoid bias
What is a washout period in a crossover trial? - CORRECT ANSWER (S) -A period
between treatments to eliminate any lingering effects
What is the advantage of using a crossover trial? - CORRECT ANSWER (S) -Subjects
serve as their own controls
, What is the intention-to-treat analysis? - CORRECT ANSWER (S) -Analyzing all
subjects according to their original assigned treatment
What is the purpose of intention-to-treat analysis? - CORRECT ANSWER (S) -To
avoid bias from attrition, crossover, and noncompliance
What is the disadvantage of intention-to-treat analysis? - CORRECT ANSWER (S) -
May dilute the true effects of the intervention
What is the as-treated analysis? - CORRECT ANSWER (S) -Analyzing subjects
according to the treatment they actually received
What is the disadvantage of as-treated analysis? - CORRECT ANSWER (S) -
Increases the risk of bias
