NU 155 EXAM 2
COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS 2026 (FULL TEST)
100% VERIFIED.
Pleurisy/ pleuritis: inflammation of the pleura - CORRECT ANSWER (S) -*causes:*
infection, medications, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis
*s/s:* sharp, abrupt! onset, most evident on inspiration, shallow breathing and
pleural friction rub
*Tx:* splint affected side during coughing for relief, intercostal nerve block for
severe pleuritic pain
vesicular breath sounds - CORRECT ANSWER (S) --heard in the 6th intercostal
space over lung tissue
,-sounds low medium pitched, soft whooshing 2-3x length of expiration
Bronchovescular breath sounds - CORRECT ANSWER (S) --heard main-stem
bronchi, below clavicles, beside sternum, posteriorly, between scapulae
-sounds like moderate high pitches hollow muffled
equal sounds on inspiration and expiration
Bronchial breath sounds - CORRECT ANSWER (S) --heard over trachea above
sternal notch (often indicate atelectasis)
-sounds high pitched, loud harsh tubular quality, inspiration half as long as
expiration
COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease): (PATHO, Dx, S/S, N/I, pt. teaching)
- CORRECT ANSWER (S) --combo of *chronic bronchitis, asthma, and emphysema*
-caused by: *tobacco smoke (90%)*, occupational hazards like farming, biomass
fuels, firefighters
, -*Dx*: chest X-ray, EKG, labs like high hematocrit, ABG
-*S/S*: dyspnea, barrel chest, polycythemia (high RBC), hypercapnia (high CO2),
coughing up in the morning
-*N/I* titrate o2 to 92%, bronchodilators, hydrate uncaffeinated liquids
-teach pt: avoid over eating, smaller bites, increase fluid and calcium, adequate
protein, rest before eating and meds, and avoid lying down after
Thyroid Storm (thyroid crisis) - CORRECT ANSWER (S) --*causes*: drugs or dyes
with iodine, pregnancy/child birth, M.I. or cardiac emergencies, severe emotional
distress, trauma, surgery, levothyroxine overdose
-*s/s*: 106ºF +, 200bpm, high b/p, tachypnea, HTN, restlessness, agitation,
confusion, if *untreated* delirium to coma to heart failure to death
-*Tx*: MUST begin as soon as symptoms occur!, reduce temp. slow HR, sedatives,
increase fluid avoid dehydration
DKA -VS- HHS - CORRECT ANSWER (S) -+DKA (Type 1): hyperglycemic crisis
associated with elevated ketones!
COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS 2026 (FULL TEST)
100% VERIFIED.
Pleurisy/ pleuritis: inflammation of the pleura - CORRECT ANSWER (S) -*causes:*
infection, medications, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis
*s/s:* sharp, abrupt! onset, most evident on inspiration, shallow breathing and
pleural friction rub
*Tx:* splint affected side during coughing for relief, intercostal nerve block for
severe pleuritic pain
vesicular breath sounds - CORRECT ANSWER (S) --heard in the 6th intercostal
space over lung tissue
,-sounds low medium pitched, soft whooshing 2-3x length of expiration
Bronchovescular breath sounds - CORRECT ANSWER (S) --heard main-stem
bronchi, below clavicles, beside sternum, posteriorly, between scapulae
-sounds like moderate high pitches hollow muffled
equal sounds on inspiration and expiration
Bronchial breath sounds - CORRECT ANSWER (S) --heard over trachea above
sternal notch (often indicate atelectasis)
-sounds high pitched, loud harsh tubular quality, inspiration half as long as
expiration
COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease): (PATHO, Dx, S/S, N/I, pt. teaching)
- CORRECT ANSWER (S) --combo of *chronic bronchitis, asthma, and emphysema*
-caused by: *tobacco smoke (90%)*, occupational hazards like farming, biomass
fuels, firefighters
, -*Dx*: chest X-ray, EKG, labs like high hematocrit, ABG
-*S/S*: dyspnea, barrel chest, polycythemia (high RBC), hypercapnia (high CO2),
coughing up in the morning
-*N/I* titrate o2 to 92%, bronchodilators, hydrate uncaffeinated liquids
-teach pt: avoid over eating, smaller bites, increase fluid and calcium, adequate
protein, rest before eating and meds, and avoid lying down after
Thyroid Storm (thyroid crisis) - CORRECT ANSWER (S) --*causes*: drugs or dyes
with iodine, pregnancy/child birth, M.I. or cardiac emergencies, severe emotional
distress, trauma, surgery, levothyroxine overdose
-*s/s*: 106ºF +, 200bpm, high b/p, tachypnea, HTN, restlessness, agitation,
confusion, if *untreated* delirium to coma to heart failure to death
-*Tx*: MUST begin as soon as symptoms occur!, reduce temp. slow HR, sedatives,
increase fluid avoid dehydration
DKA -VS- HHS - CORRECT ANSWER (S) -+DKA (Type 1): hyperglycemic crisis
associated with elevated ketones!
