BIOS-251 Exam 1 Review Exam |Questions And Answers | Latest Update 2026 | Guaranteed Success

BIOS-251 Exam 1 Review Exam |Questions And Answers | Latest Update 2026 | Guaranteed Success The study of human structure - answer-Anatomy The study of human function - answer-Physiology A tendency for organisms to maintain a balanced or constant internal state - answerHomeostasis A state of balance - answer-Equilibrium Consequences of homeostatic imbalance - answer-Illness or death Thermoregulation Process - answerA feedback loop in which a system responds to a change by reversing that change, or by decreasing the rate at which the change is occurring. (Ex. thermoregulation) - answer-Negative Feedback Loop A feedback loop in which a system responds to a change by amplifying that change. (Ex. childbirth) - answer-Positive Feedback Loop Changes, occurring within or outside the body, that affect homeostasis - answer-StimuliDetects and sends messages to the control center - answer-Receptors Processes the signal, alerts the effector about the detected change, and gives instructions - answer-Control Center An organ or cell that acts in response to a stimulus; handles the issue - answer-Effector Divides a human body into anterior and posterior sections - answer-Frontal Plane or Coronal Plane Divides the human body into equal left and right sections - answer-Midsagittal Plane Divides the human body in half, creating two sections; top and bottom - answer-Transverse or Horizontal Plane Parallel plane next to the midsagittal plane - answer-Parasaggittal Plane Plane cut at an angle - answer-Oblique Midline of body - answer-Medial Away from midline - answer-Lateral Towards the head - answer-Superior Towards the feet - answer-InferiorCloser to the body or point of attachment - answer-Proximal Away from point of attachment - answer-Distal Front of the body - answer-Anterior (Ventral) Back of the body - answer-Posterior (Dorsal) Between two structures - answer-Intermediate On the same side of the body as another structure - answer-Ipsilateral On the opposite side of the body as another structure - answer-Contralateral Towards the surface of the body - answer-Superficial Away from the surface of the body - answer-Deep Simplest to most complex organisms - answer-Atoms Molecules Macromolecules Organelles Cells Tissues OrgansOrgan Systems Organisms Cavity that contains the brain - answer-Cranial Cavity Cavity that contains the spinal cord and nerves - answer-Vertebral Canal Contains the heart and lungs - answer-Thoracic Cavity (aka. Chest Cavity) Space that contains just the lungs - answer-Pleural Cavity Space that contains just the heart - answer-Pericardial Cavity Houses the lungs, heart, thymus, esophagus, trachea, and several large blood vessels - answerMediastinum Contains both the abdominal and pelvic cavities - answer-Abdominopelvic Cavity Contains the stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, small intestine and most of the large intestine - answer-Abdominal cavity The space formed by the hip bones and contains primarily the organs of the reproductive and excretory systems. Ex. urinary bladder, portions of large intestine, and internal organs of reproduction - answerPelvic Cavity