NR601 Final Exam: Primary Care of the Maturing and Aged Family
Practicum Questions and Answers and Explanations | Latest -
Chamberlain
1. Which of the following is considered the most common symptom of
depression in the elderly population?
A. Somatic complaints and physical symptoms
B. Overt sadness and crying
C. Hyperactivity and insomnia
D. Hallucinations and delusions
Answer: A
Explanation: Older adults often present with somatic symptoms such as fatigue, pain, or GI
issues rather than emotional expressions of sadness.
2. According to the AGS Beers Criteria, which medication should be avoided in
patients with a history of falls or fractures?
A. Metformin
B. Lisinopril
C. Atorvastatin
D. Zolpidem
Answer: D
,Explanation: Zolpidem and other sedative-hypnotics increase the risk of ataxia, impaired
psychomotor function, and falls.
3. A 75-year-old patient with multiple comorbidities and functional impairment
has an HbA1c of 7.8%. What is the appropriate management?
A. Aggressively increase insulin to reach a goal of <6.5%
B. Discontinue all medications as HbA1c is too low
C. Maintain current therapy as the goal for frail elderly is typically <8.0%
D. Switch to a sliding scale insulin regimen only
Answer: C
Explanation: In frail older adults with limited life expectancy and multiple comorbidities,
an HbA1c goal of <8.0% or <8.5% is often recommended to prevent hypoglycemia.
4. Which assessment tool is specifically used to screen for cognitive impairment
by having the patient draw a clock?
A. PHQ-9
B. Mini-Cog
C. GDS
D. Lawton IADL Scale
Answer: B
Explanation: The Mini-Cog consists of a 3-word recall and a clock-drawing test.
,5. Which of the following activities is classified as an Instrumental Activity of
Daily Living (IADL)?
A. Bathing
B. Managing finances
C. Toileting
D. Feeding oneself
Answer: B
Explanation: IADLs involve more complex tasks like shopping, finances, and medication
management, whereas ADLs are basic self-care tasks like bathing.
6. What is the first-line treatment for an older male patient with symptomatic
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) and hypertension?
A. 5-alpha reductase inhibitors like Finasteride
B. Loop diuretics like Furosemide
C. Alpha-blockers like Tamsulosin
D. Beta-blockers like Propranolol
Answer: C
Explanation: Alpha-blockers relax the smooth muscle of the bladder neck and prostate to
improve urine flow quickly.
, 7. A hallmark characteristic of delirium that distinguishes it from dementia is:
A. Acute onset and fluctuating course
B. Permanent decline in cognition
C. Slow, progressive memory loss
D. Normal level of consciousness
Answer: A
Explanation: Delirium is characterized by sudden onset, inattention, and fluctuating levels
of consciousness, whereas dementia is gradual.
8. Which type of urinary incontinence is characterized by the sudden, intense
urge to urinate followed by involuntary loss of urine?
A. Stress incontinence
B. Overflow incontinence
C. Urge incontinence
D. Functional incontinence
Answer: C
Explanation: Urge incontinence, often associated with overactive bladder, involves a
strong, immediate need to void.
Practicum Questions and Answers and Explanations | Latest -
Chamberlain
1. Which of the following is considered the most common symptom of
depression in the elderly population?
A. Somatic complaints and physical symptoms
B. Overt sadness and crying
C. Hyperactivity and insomnia
D. Hallucinations and delusions
Answer: A
Explanation: Older adults often present with somatic symptoms such as fatigue, pain, or GI
issues rather than emotional expressions of sadness.
2. According to the AGS Beers Criteria, which medication should be avoided in
patients with a history of falls or fractures?
A. Metformin
B. Lisinopril
C. Atorvastatin
D. Zolpidem
Answer: D
,Explanation: Zolpidem and other sedative-hypnotics increase the risk of ataxia, impaired
psychomotor function, and falls.
3. A 75-year-old patient with multiple comorbidities and functional impairment
has an HbA1c of 7.8%. What is the appropriate management?
A. Aggressively increase insulin to reach a goal of <6.5%
B. Discontinue all medications as HbA1c is too low
C. Maintain current therapy as the goal for frail elderly is typically <8.0%
D. Switch to a sliding scale insulin regimen only
Answer: C
Explanation: In frail older adults with limited life expectancy and multiple comorbidities,
an HbA1c goal of <8.0% or <8.5% is often recommended to prevent hypoglycemia.
4. Which assessment tool is specifically used to screen for cognitive impairment
by having the patient draw a clock?
A. PHQ-9
B. Mini-Cog
C. GDS
D. Lawton IADL Scale
Answer: B
Explanation: The Mini-Cog consists of a 3-word recall and a clock-drawing test.
,5. Which of the following activities is classified as an Instrumental Activity of
Daily Living (IADL)?
A. Bathing
B. Managing finances
C. Toileting
D. Feeding oneself
Answer: B
Explanation: IADLs involve more complex tasks like shopping, finances, and medication
management, whereas ADLs are basic self-care tasks like bathing.
6. What is the first-line treatment for an older male patient with symptomatic
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) and hypertension?
A. 5-alpha reductase inhibitors like Finasteride
B. Loop diuretics like Furosemide
C. Alpha-blockers like Tamsulosin
D. Beta-blockers like Propranolol
Answer: C
Explanation: Alpha-blockers relax the smooth muscle of the bladder neck and prostate to
improve urine flow quickly.
, 7. A hallmark characteristic of delirium that distinguishes it from dementia is:
A. Acute onset and fluctuating course
B. Permanent decline in cognition
C. Slow, progressive memory loss
D. Normal level of consciousness
Answer: A
Explanation: Delirium is characterized by sudden onset, inattention, and fluctuating levels
of consciousness, whereas dementia is gradual.
8. Which type of urinary incontinence is characterized by the sudden, intense
urge to urinate followed by involuntary loss of urine?
A. Stress incontinence
B. Overflow incontinence
C. Urge incontinence
D. Functional incontinence
Answer: C
Explanation: Urge incontinence, often associated with overactive bladder, involves a
strong, immediate need to void.
