WGU C483 Principles of Management Exam 2 Questions and Answers
and Explanations | Latest
1. Which principle states that an individual should have only one supervisor to
whom he or she is directly responsible?
A. Chain of Command
B. Division of Labor
C. Span of Control
D. Unity of Command
Answer: D
Explanation: Unity of command ensures that an employee receives orders from only one
person to avoid conflicting instructions and confusion.
2. In the context of the communication process, what is ‘noise’?
A. The medium through which a message travels
B. Any disturbance that interferes with the transmission of a message
C. The translation of thoughts into symbols
D. The feedback loop provided by the receiver
Answer: B
Explanation: Noise represents any internal or external interference that distorts the
message being sent or received.
,3. According to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, which level must be satisfied
before an individual focuses on safety needs?
A. Self-actualization
B. Esteem
C. Physiological
D. Social
Answer: C
Explanation: Physiological needs like food and water are the most basic and must be met
before higher-level needs like safety become motivators.
4. What is the primary characteristic of a Matrix organizational structure?
A. It eliminates the chain of command
B. It follows a strict vertical hierarchy
C. It creates a dual chain of command, usually functional and product-based
D. It focuses exclusively on geographic regions
Answer: C
Explanation: A matrix structure violates the unity-of-command principle by having
employees report to both a functional manager and a project/product manager.
,5. Which leadership theory suggests that a leader’s effectiveness depends on
the match between their leadership style and the degree of control in the
situation?
A. Path-Goal Theory
B. Fiedler’s Contingency Model
C. Trait Theory
D. Behavioral Theory
Answer: B
Explanation: Fiedler’s Contingency Model uses the LPC scale to determine leadership style
and matches it with situational favorableness.
6. Which stage of group development is characterized by conflict and
competition as individual personalities emerge?
A. Forming
B. Norming
C. Storming
D. Performing
Answer: C
Explanation: During the storming stage, members often disagree about goals and struggle
for status or control within the group.
, 7. In Expectancy Theory, what does ‘Instrumentality’ refer to?
A. The belief that effort will lead to performance
B. The value an individual places on a reward
C. The ability to perform the required task
D. The belief that performance will lead to a specific outcome/reward
Answer: D
Explanation: Instrumentality is the perception that if you perform well, you will actually
receive the promised reward.
8. Which type of control is exerted before an activity begins to prevent
anticipated problems?
A. Feedback Control
B. Concurrent Control
C. Feedforward Control
D. Bureaucratic Control
Answer: C
Explanation: Feedforward control is proactive; it attempts to anticipate and prevent issues
before they occur.
and Explanations | Latest
1. Which principle states that an individual should have only one supervisor to
whom he or she is directly responsible?
A. Chain of Command
B. Division of Labor
C. Span of Control
D. Unity of Command
Answer: D
Explanation: Unity of command ensures that an employee receives orders from only one
person to avoid conflicting instructions and confusion.
2. In the context of the communication process, what is ‘noise’?
A. The medium through which a message travels
B. Any disturbance that interferes with the transmission of a message
C. The translation of thoughts into symbols
D. The feedback loop provided by the receiver
Answer: B
Explanation: Noise represents any internal or external interference that distorts the
message being sent or received.
,3. According to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, which level must be satisfied
before an individual focuses on safety needs?
A. Self-actualization
B. Esteem
C. Physiological
D. Social
Answer: C
Explanation: Physiological needs like food and water are the most basic and must be met
before higher-level needs like safety become motivators.
4. What is the primary characteristic of a Matrix organizational structure?
A. It eliminates the chain of command
B. It follows a strict vertical hierarchy
C. It creates a dual chain of command, usually functional and product-based
D. It focuses exclusively on geographic regions
Answer: C
Explanation: A matrix structure violates the unity-of-command principle by having
employees report to both a functional manager and a project/product manager.
,5. Which leadership theory suggests that a leader’s effectiveness depends on
the match between their leadership style and the degree of control in the
situation?
A. Path-Goal Theory
B. Fiedler’s Contingency Model
C. Trait Theory
D. Behavioral Theory
Answer: B
Explanation: Fiedler’s Contingency Model uses the LPC scale to determine leadership style
and matches it with situational favorableness.
6. Which stage of group development is characterized by conflict and
competition as individual personalities emerge?
A. Forming
B. Norming
C. Storming
D. Performing
Answer: C
Explanation: During the storming stage, members often disagree about goals and struggle
for status or control within the group.
, 7. In Expectancy Theory, what does ‘Instrumentality’ refer to?
A. The belief that effort will lead to performance
B. The value an individual places on a reward
C. The ability to perform the required task
D. The belief that performance will lead to a specific outcome/reward
Answer: D
Explanation: Instrumentality is the perception that if you perform well, you will actually
receive the promised reward.
8. Which type of control is exerted before an activity begins to prevent
anticipated problems?
A. Feedback Control
B. Concurrent Control
C. Feedforward Control
D. Bureaucratic Control
Answer: C
Explanation: Feedforward control is proactive; it attempts to anticipate and prevent issues
before they occur.
