Florida cosmetology state board
(clinical) questions and answers
thio-free waves - (Correct Answer) Perm that uses an ingredient other than ATG as the primary
reducing agent, such as cysteamine or mercaptamine.
Hydrogen bonds - (Correct Answer) Very weak side bonds; that are the result of attraction between
opposite electrical charges. Easily broken by water or heat. Reform as the hair dries or cools.
Accounts for 1/3 of hairs total strength
Salt bonds - (Correct Answer) Weak physical side bonds (cross bonds) easily broken by change in
pH; reform when pH balance is restored. Accounts for 1/3 of hairs total strength.
Substitutes for ammonia in permanent waving solutions: - (Correct Answer) Aminomethylpropanol
(AMP)
Monoethanolamine (MEA)
ammonia-free waves - (Correct Answer) Perms that use an ingredient that does not evaporate as
readily as ammonia, so there is very little odor associated with their use. (AMP or MEA)
Glycerol monothioglycolate - (Correct Answer) Main active ingredient in acid balanced waving
lotions. Primary reducing agent in most acid waves. Low pH
Sodium hydroxide relaxers are also known as? - (Correct Answer) Lye relaxers
acid-balanced waves - (Correct Answer) Permanent waves that have a 7.0 or neutral pH; because
of their higher pH, they process at room temperature, do not require the added heat of a hair dryer,
process more quickly, and produce firmer curls than true acid waves.
Side bonds - (Correct Answer) Disulfide, salt, and hydrogen bonds that cross-link polypeptide
chains together.
keratin proteins - (Correct Answer) Long, coiled polypeptide chains.
Silicones - (Correct Answer) Special type of oil used in hair conditioners, water-resistant lubricants
for the skin, and nail polish dryers.
When a hydroxide relaxer breaks the disulfide bond converting them to lanthonine bonds.... -
(Correct Answer) The bonds cannot be reformed with any other chemical treatment
, True acid waves - (Correct Answer) -Have a pH between 4.5-7.0 and require heat to process.
-He process slower than alkaline waves
-GMTG is the active ingredient
pH level of Hydrogen Peroxide - (Correct Answer) 2.5-4.5
Acid waves - (Correct Answer) Glyceryl monothioglycolate is the main active ingredient in true acid
and acid-balanced waving lotions. It has a low pH and is the primary reducing agent in most acid
waves. Most acid waves also contain ATG, just like a cold wave. Although the low pH of acid waves
may seem ideal, repeated exposure to GMTG is known to cause allergic sensitivity in both
hairstylists and clients.
Lanthonization - (Correct Answer) The process by which a hydroxide relaxer removes one atom of
sulfur from a disulfide bond.
Volatile organic compounds - (Correct Answer) Compounds containing carbon that evaporate easily.
ex.) SD alcohol (ethyl) in hairspray
Used in nail polish, base & top coat & polish removers
Ammonia - (Correct Answer) Colorless gas with pungent odor composed of hydrogen & nitrogen.
Used to raise pH in hair products to allow solution to penetrate hair shaft.
amino acids - (Correct Answer) Carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, sulfur, oxegyn
What is waving lotion? - (Correct Answer) Hair gel that keeps it in place during finger waving
process
alkaline solution - (Correct Answer) A solution that has a pH above 7.0 (neutral) soften and swells
the cuticle.
ammonium thioglycolate (ATG) - (Correct Answer) Active ingredient or reducing agent in alkaline
permanents.
Alkaline waves - (Correct Answer) also known as cold waves; have a pH between 9.0 and 9.6, use
ammonium thioglycolate (ATG) as the reducing agent, and process at room temperature without the
addition of heat
Permanent waving - (Correct Answer) a two step process whereby the hair undergoes a physical
change caused by wrapping the hair on perm rods and then hair undergoes a chemical change
caused by the application of permanent waving solution and neutralizer
(clinical) questions and answers
thio-free waves - (Correct Answer) Perm that uses an ingredient other than ATG as the primary
reducing agent, such as cysteamine or mercaptamine.
Hydrogen bonds - (Correct Answer) Very weak side bonds; that are the result of attraction between
opposite electrical charges. Easily broken by water or heat. Reform as the hair dries or cools.
Accounts for 1/3 of hairs total strength
Salt bonds - (Correct Answer) Weak physical side bonds (cross bonds) easily broken by change in
pH; reform when pH balance is restored. Accounts for 1/3 of hairs total strength.
Substitutes for ammonia in permanent waving solutions: - (Correct Answer) Aminomethylpropanol
(AMP)
Monoethanolamine (MEA)
ammonia-free waves - (Correct Answer) Perms that use an ingredient that does not evaporate as
readily as ammonia, so there is very little odor associated with their use. (AMP or MEA)
Glycerol monothioglycolate - (Correct Answer) Main active ingredient in acid balanced waving
lotions. Primary reducing agent in most acid waves. Low pH
Sodium hydroxide relaxers are also known as? - (Correct Answer) Lye relaxers
acid-balanced waves - (Correct Answer) Permanent waves that have a 7.0 or neutral pH; because
of their higher pH, they process at room temperature, do not require the added heat of a hair dryer,
process more quickly, and produce firmer curls than true acid waves.
Side bonds - (Correct Answer) Disulfide, salt, and hydrogen bonds that cross-link polypeptide
chains together.
keratin proteins - (Correct Answer) Long, coiled polypeptide chains.
Silicones - (Correct Answer) Special type of oil used in hair conditioners, water-resistant lubricants
for the skin, and nail polish dryers.
When a hydroxide relaxer breaks the disulfide bond converting them to lanthonine bonds.... -
(Correct Answer) The bonds cannot be reformed with any other chemical treatment
, True acid waves - (Correct Answer) -Have a pH between 4.5-7.0 and require heat to process.
-He process slower than alkaline waves
-GMTG is the active ingredient
pH level of Hydrogen Peroxide - (Correct Answer) 2.5-4.5
Acid waves - (Correct Answer) Glyceryl monothioglycolate is the main active ingredient in true acid
and acid-balanced waving lotions. It has a low pH and is the primary reducing agent in most acid
waves. Most acid waves also contain ATG, just like a cold wave. Although the low pH of acid waves
may seem ideal, repeated exposure to GMTG is known to cause allergic sensitivity in both
hairstylists and clients.
Lanthonization - (Correct Answer) The process by which a hydroxide relaxer removes one atom of
sulfur from a disulfide bond.
Volatile organic compounds - (Correct Answer) Compounds containing carbon that evaporate easily.
ex.) SD alcohol (ethyl) in hairspray
Used in nail polish, base & top coat & polish removers
Ammonia - (Correct Answer) Colorless gas with pungent odor composed of hydrogen & nitrogen.
Used to raise pH in hair products to allow solution to penetrate hair shaft.
amino acids - (Correct Answer) Carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, sulfur, oxegyn
What is waving lotion? - (Correct Answer) Hair gel that keeps it in place during finger waving
process
alkaline solution - (Correct Answer) A solution that has a pH above 7.0 (neutral) soften and swells
the cuticle.
ammonium thioglycolate (ATG) - (Correct Answer) Active ingredient or reducing agent in alkaline
permanents.
Alkaline waves - (Correct Answer) also known as cold waves; have a pH between 9.0 and 9.6, use
ammonium thioglycolate (ATG) as the reducing agent, and process at room temperature without the
addition of heat
Permanent waving - (Correct Answer) a two step process whereby the hair undergoes a physical
change caused by wrapping the hair on perm rods and then hair undergoes a chemical change
caused by the application of permanent waving solution and neutralizer
