APES Unit 4 Exam with Accurate
Solutions
bedrock - ANSWER-The solid layer of rock beneath the soil
Causes of an urban heat island - ANSWER-An urban heat island occurs when a city
experiences much warmer temperatures than nearby rural areas.
-impermeable surfaces
-dark surfaces
-lack of vegetation
Continental vs. Oceanic Crust - ANSWER-Continental- makes up the land on Earth, it is
thicker, less dense and mostly made up of the rock granite.
Oceanic- makes up most of the ocean, it is thinner (5 - 7 km), denser and mostly made
up of the rock basalt.
convergent plate boundary - ANSWER-A tectonic plate boundary where two plates
collide, come together, or crash into each other.
crust - ANSWER-The thin and solid outermost layer of the Earth above the mantle
divergent plate boundary - ANSWER-Tectonic plate boundary in which the two plates
move away from each other, and new crust is created between them
El Nino (ENSO) - ANSWER-warm surface air, can create severe storms or mild
weather, drought or flooding.
El nino vs la Nina - ANSWER-Nino- warming
Nina- cooling
ENSO - ANSWER-El Nino Southern Oscillation, occurs in the ocean
Equinox - ANSWER-The two days of the year on which neither hemisphere is tilted
toward or away from the sun (day and night same length)
How are island arcs and trenches made? - ANSWER-The sharp bending of the oceanic
plate downward produces a trench.
How are mountains formed? - ANSWER-Plates push up together and fold/buckle
Solutions
bedrock - ANSWER-The solid layer of rock beneath the soil
Causes of an urban heat island - ANSWER-An urban heat island occurs when a city
experiences much warmer temperatures than nearby rural areas.
-impermeable surfaces
-dark surfaces
-lack of vegetation
Continental vs. Oceanic Crust - ANSWER-Continental- makes up the land on Earth, it is
thicker, less dense and mostly made up of the rock granite.
Oceanic- makes up most of the ocean, it is thinner (5 - 7 km), denser and mostly made
up of the rock basalt.
convergent plate boundary - ANSWER-A tectonic plate boundary where two plates
collide, come together, or crash into each other.
crust - ANSWER-The thin and solid outermost layer of the Earth above the mantle
divergent plate boundary - ANSWER-Tectonic plate boundary in which the two plates
move away from each other, and new crust is created between them
El Nino (ENSO) - ANSWER-warm surface air, can create severe storms or mild
weather, drought or flooding.
El nino vs la Nina - ANSWER-Nino- warming
Nina- cooling
ENSO - ANSWER-El Nino Southern Oscillation, occurs in the ocean
Equinox - ANSWER-The two days of the year on which neither hemisphere is tilted
toward or away from the sun (day and night same length)
How are island arcs and trenches made? - ANSWER-The sharp bending of the oceanic
plate downward produces a trench.
How are mountains formed? - ANSWER-Plates push up together and fold/buckle
