BIOD 121 CASE STUDY MODULE 3 PRACTICE
SOLUTION BANK 2026 FULL RESPONSE SET
GRADED A+
◉ Energy in equals energy out (calories consumed is burned through
basic body functions + exercise. Answer: energy balance
◉ positive energy balance. Answer: occurs if more calories (energy) are
consumed than expended
◉ examples of periods in life when you need to be in a positive energy
balance state:. Answer: pregnancy, childhood, and adolescence in growth
spurts
◉ 1 pound in a week is equivalent to :. Answer: 500 extra calories a day
◉ Hyperplasia. Answer: an increase in the number of fat cells often
occurring during periods of growth, such as adolescence or pregnancy
◉ Hypertrophy. Answer: an increase in the size of fat cells, most often
seen in periods of low growth and maintenance, such as throughout
adulthood
,◉ Negative energy balance. Answer: occurs if fewer calories are
consumed than calories expended
◉ Examples of negative energy balance situations:. Answer: during
illness or trauma, major burn injury, intentional act such as dieting to
meet a weight loss goal
◉ Our sole source of energy intake is from:. Answer: food and
beverages
◉ Energy can be expended naturally via _____________ ,
_____________, and _________________. Answer: basal metabolism,
the thermic effect of food, and thermogenesis
◉ Energy can be expended intentionally through _______________.
Answer: physical activity (aka exercise)
◉ Two major components of energy expenditure are:. Answer: basal
metabolic rate and physical activity
◉ Basal metabolic rate (BMR). Answer: the number of calories used by
the body while in a fasting state and accounts for approximately 60-70%
of energy expenditure
, ◉ BMR varies by person based on factors such as:. Answer: gender, lean
body mass, body size, temperature, age, nervous system activities, levels
of caffeine intake, and tobacco use
◉ BMR males:. Answer: 1 kcal/kg/hour
◉ BMR females:. Answer: 0.9 kcal/kg/hour
◉ As we age BMR declines by ______________% per decade so we
must adjust eating habits to prevent weight gain.. Answer: 1-2 %
◉ Thermic effect of food (TEF). Answer: the energy used for digestion
and absorption of food and accounts for approximately 10% of the
calories expended.
◉ larger meals higher in protein result in a higher ________. Answer:
thermic effect of food (TEF)
◉ Thermogenesis. Answer: the ability to regulate temperature and
activities such as fidgeting, maintaining body posture, and shivering. (
energy burned through this process is very small)
◉ Physical activity. Answer: accounts for 15-40% of our energy
expenditure
SOLUTION BANK 2026 FULL RESPONSE SET
GRADED A+
◉ Energy in equals energy out (calories consumed is burned through
basic body functions + exercise. Answer: energy balance
◉ positive energy balance. Answer: occurs if more calories (energy) are
consumed than expended
◉ examples of periods in life when you need to be in a positive energy
balance state:. Answer: pregnancy, childhood, and adolescence in growth
spurts
◉ 1 pound in a week is equivalent to :. Answer: 500 extra calories a day
◉ Hyperplasia. Answer: an increase in the number of fat cells often
occurring during periods of growth, such as adolescence or pregnancy
◉ Hypertrophy. Answer: an increase in the size of fat cells, most often
seen in periods of low growth and maintenance, such as throughout
adulthood
,◉ Negative energy balance. Answer: occurs if fewer calories are
consumed than calories expended
◉ Examples of negative energy balance situations:. Answer: during
illness or trauma, major burn injury, intentional act such as dieting to
meet a weight loss goal
◉ Our sole source of energy intake is from:. Answer: food and
beverages
◉ Energy can be expended naturally via _____________ ,
_____________, and _________________. Answer: basal metabolism,
the thermic effect of food, and thermogenesis
◉ Energy can be expended intentionally through _______________.
Answer: physical activity (aka exercise)
◉ Two major components of energy expenditure are:. Answer: basal
metabolic rate and physical activity
◉ Basal metabolic rate (BMR). Answer: the number of calories used by
the body while in a fasting state and accounts for approximately 60-70%
of energy expenditure
, ◉ BMR varies by person based on factors such as:. Answer: gender, lean
body mass, body size, temperature, age, nervous system activities, levels
of caffeine intake, and tobacco use
◉ BMR males:. Answer: 1 kcal/kg/hour
◉ BMR females:. Answer: 0.9 kcal/kg/hour
◉ As we age BMR declines by ______________% per decade so we
must adjust eating habits to prevent weight gain.. Answer: 1-2 %
◉ Thermic effect of food (TEF). Answer: the energy used for digestion
and absorption of food and accounts for approximately 10% of the
calories expended.
◉ larger meals higher in protein result in a higher ________. Answer:
thermic effect of food (TEF)
◉ Thermogenesis. Answer: the ability to regulate temperature and
activities such as fidgeting, maintaining body posture, and shivering. (
energy burned through this process is very small)
◉ Physical activity. Answer: accounts for 15-40% of our energy
expenditure
