TEST BANK
Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children
KATHRYN L. MCCANCE, SUE E. HUETHER
8th Edition
,McCance: Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children (8th
Edition) TEST BANK
CONTENTS:
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
Chapter 02: Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology: Environmental Agents
Chapter 03: The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids
and Bases Chapter 04: Genes and Genetic Diseases
Chapter 05: Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common
Diseases Chapter 06: Epigenetics and Disease
Chapter 07: Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound
Healing Chapter 08: Adaptive Immunity
Chapter 09: Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation
Chapter 10: Infection
Chapter 11: Stress and
Disease Chapter 12: Cancer
Biology Chapter 13: Cancer
Epidemiology Chapter 14:
Cancer in Children
Chapter 15: Structure and Function of the Neurologic System
Chapter 16: Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function
Chapter 17: Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function
Chapter 18: Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the
Neuromuscular Junction Chapter 19: Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and
Anxiety Disorders
Chapter 20: Alterations of Neurologic Function in
Children Chapter 21: Mechanisms of Hormonal
Regulation
Chapter 22: Alterations of Hormonal Regulation
Chapter 23: Obesity and Disorders of Nutrition
Chapter 24: Structure and Function of the Reproductive
Systems Chapter 25: Alterations of the Female
Reproductive System Chapter 26: Alterations of the Male
Reproductive System Chapter 27: Sexually Transmitted
Infections
Chapter 28: Structure and Function of the Hematologic System
Chapter 29: Alterations of Erythrocytes, Platelets, and Hemostatic
Function Chapter 30: Alterations of Leukocyte and Lymphoid Function
Chapter 31: Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children
Chapter 32: Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic
Systems Chapter 33: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function
Chapter 34: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in
Children Chapter 35: Structure and Function of the
Pulmonary System Chapter 36: Alterations of Pulmonary
Function
Chapter 37: Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children
Chapter 38: Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic
Systems Chapter 39: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract
Function
Chapter 40: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in
Children Chapter 41: Structure and Function of the Digestive
System
Chapter 42: Alterations of Digestive Function
Chapter 43: Alterations of Digestive Function in Children
Chapter 44: Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal
System Chapter 45: Alterations of Musculoskeletal
Function
Chapter 46: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in
Children Chapter 47: Structure, Function, and Disorders
of the Integument Chapter 48: Alterations of the
Integument in Children
Chapter 49: Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in
Adults Chapter 50: Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and
Burns in Children
, McCance: Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children (8th Edition) TEST BANK
Part 1: CENTRAL CONCEPTS OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: CELLS AND TISSUES
Unit I: THE CELL
CHAPTER 01: CELLULAR BIOLOGY
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?
a. Cells can produce proteins.
b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes.
c. Cells can take in and use nutrients.
d. Cells can synthesize fats.
ANS: C
In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other substances
from their surroundings. The remaining options are not inclusive in their
descriptions of cellular metabolic absorption.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
2. Where is most of a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, contained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS: C
The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of
RNA, most of the cellular DNA, and the DNA-binding proteins, such as the
histones, which regulate its activity. The mitochondria are responsible for cellular
respiration and energy production.
Ribosomes’ chief function is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis.
Lysosomes function as the intracellular digestive system.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
3. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using
oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative
reaction?
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS: B
, McCance: Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children (8th Edition) TEST BANK
Peroxisomes are so named because they usually contain enzymes that use oxygen
to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction that
produces H2O2, which is a powerful oxidant and potentially destructive if it
accumulates or escapes from peroxisomes.
Ribosomes are RNA-protein complexes (nucleoproteins) that are synthesized in the
nucleolus and secreted into the cytoplasm through pores in the nuclear envelope
called nuclear pore complexes. Lysosomes are saclike structures that originate
from the Golgi complex and contain more than 40 digestive enzymes called
hydrolases, which catalyze bonds in proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and
carbohydrates. An endosome is a vesical that has been pinched off from the
cellular membrane.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
4. Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is released during
cell injury?
a. Ribosome
b. Golgi complex
c. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
d. Lysosomes
ANS: D
The lysosomal membrane acts as a protective shield between the powerful
digestive enzymes within the lysosome and the cytoplasm, preventing their
leakage into the cytoplasmic matrix. Disruption of the membrane by various
treatments or cellular injury leads to a release of the lysosomal enzymes, which
can then react with their specific substrates, causing cellular self- digestion. The
chief function of a ribosome is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis. The
Golgi complex is a network of flattened, smooth vesicles and membranes often
located near the cell nucleus. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is involved in
steroid hormone production and removing toxic substances from the cell.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
5. Which cAMP-mediated response is related to antidiuretic hormone?
a. Increased heart rate and force of contraction
b. Secretion of cortisol
c. Increased retention of water
d. Breakdown of fat
ANS: C
Antidiuretic hormone leads to increased retention of water in the body.
Epinephrine causes increases in heart rate and force of contraction. Increased
cortisol secretion is due to ACTH. Breakdown of fat is due to glucagon.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
6. During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized?
a. G1
b. S
c. G2
d. M
Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children
KATHRYN L. MCCANCE, SUE E. HUETHER
8th Edition
,McCance: Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children (8th
Edition) TEST BANK
CONTENTS:
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
Chapter 02: Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology: Environmental Agents
Chapter 03: The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids
and Bases Chapter 04: Genes and Genetic Diseases
Chapter 05: Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common
Diseases Chapter 06: Epigenetics and Disease
Chapter 07: Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound
Healing Chapter 08: Adaptive Immunity
Chapter 09: Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation
Chapter 10: Infection
Chapter 11: Stress and
Disease Chapter 12: Cancer
Biology Chapter 13: Cancer
Epidemiology Chapter 14:
Cancer in Children
Chapter 15: Structure and Function of the Neurologic System
Chapter 16: Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function
Chapter 17: Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function
Chapter 18: Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the
Neuromuscular Junction Chapter 19: Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and
Anxiety Disorders
Chapter 20: Alterations of Neurologic Function in
Children Chapter 21: Mechanisms of Hormonal
Regulation
Chapter 22: Alterations of Hormonal Regulation
Chapter 23: Obesity and Disorders of Nutrition
Chapter 24: Structure and Function of the Reproductive
Systems Chapter 25: Alterations of the Female
Reproductive System Chapter 26: Alterations of the Male
Reproductive System Chapter 27: Sexually Transmitted
Infections
Chapter 28: Structure and Function of the Hematologic System
Chapter 29: Alterations of Erythrocytes, Platelets, and Hemostatic
Function Chapter 30: Alterations of Leukocyte and Lymphoid Function
Chapter 31: Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children
Chapter 32: Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic
Systems Chapter 33: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function
Chapter 34: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in
Children Chapter 35: Structure and Function of the
Pulmonary System Chapter 36: Alterations of Pulmonary
Function
Chapter 37: Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children
Chapter 38: Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic
Systems Chapter 39: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract
Function
Chapter 40: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in
Children Chapter 41: Structure and Function of the Digestive
System
Chapter 42: Alterations of Digestive Function
Chapter 43: Alterations of Digestive Function in Children
Chapter 44: Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal
System Chapter 45: Alterations of Musculoskeletal
Function
Chapter 46: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in
Children Chapter 47: Structure, Function, and Disorders
of the Integument Chapter 48: Alterations of the
Integument in Children
Chapter 49: Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in
Adults Chapter 50: Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and
Burns in Children
, McCance: Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children (8th Edition) TEST BANK
Part 1: CENTRAL CONCEPTS OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: CELLS AND TISSUES
Unit I: THE CELL
CHAPTER 01: CELLULAR BIOLOGY
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?
a. Cells can produce proteins.
b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes.
c. Cells can take in and use nutrients.
d. Cells can synthesize fats.
ANS: C
In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other substances
from their surroundings. The remaining options are not inclusive in their
descriptions of cellular metabolic absorption.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
2. Where is most of a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, contained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS: C
The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of
RNA, most of the cellular DNA, and the DNA-binding proteins, such as the
histones, which regulate its activity. The mitochondria are responsible for cellular
respiration and energy production.
Ribosomes’ chief function is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis.
Lysosomes function as the intracellular digestive system.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
3. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using
oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative
reaction?
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS: B
, McCance: Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children (8th Edition) TEST BANK
Peroxisomes are so named because they usually contain enzymes that use oxygen
to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction that
produces H2O2, which is a powerful oxidant and potentially destructive if it
accumulates or escapes from peroxisomes.
Ribosomes are RNA-protein complexes (nucleoproteins) that are synthesized in the
nucleolus and secreted into the cytoplasm through pores in the nuclear envelope
called nuclear pore complexes. Lysosomes are saclike structures that originate
from the Golgi complex and contain more than 40 digestive enzymes called
hydrolases, which catalyze bonds in proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and
carbohydrates. An endosome is a vesical that has been pinched off from the
cellular membrane.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
4. Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is released during
cell injury?
a. Ribosome
b. Golgi complex
c. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
d. Lysosomes
ANS: D
The lysosomal membrane acts as a protective shield between the powerful
digestive enzymes within the lysosome and the cytoplasm, preventing their
leakage into the cytoplasmic matrix. Disruption of the membrane by various
treatments or cellular injury leads to a release of the lysosomal enzymes, which
can then react with their specific substrates, causing cellular self- digestion. The
chief function of a ribosome is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis. The
Golgi complex is a network of flattened, smooth vesicles and membranes often
located near the cell nucleus. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is involved in
steroid hormone production and removing toxic substances from the cell.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
5. Which cAMP-mediated response is related to antidiuretic hormone?
a. Increased heart rate and force of contraction
b. Secretion of cortisol
c. Increased retention of water
d. Breakdown of fat
ANS: C
Antidiuretic hormone leads to increased retention of water in the body.
Epinephrine causes increases in heart rate and force of contraction. Increased
cortisol secretion is due to ACTH. Breakdown of fat is due to glucagon.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
6. During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized?
a. G1
b. S
c. G2
d. M
