LSU POMARICO BIOL 1002 FINAL
(35,36,37,38,39) Exam with Guaranteed
Pass Solutions 2025-2026 Updated.
Nutrition in all organisms involves four main steps: - Answer -Acquisition of nutrients
-Digestion, if required
-Distribution of nutrients throughout the body.
-Synthesis of molecules for the organism's body.
What do animal cells require? What's the main function of nutrition? - Answer Animal cells
require a continuous supply of energy. One of the main functions of nutrition in animals is to act
as an energy source.
Difference between plant and animals (nutrition wise) - Answer plants rely on
photosynthesis for their energy needs.
plants (starting material) - Answer Elements and small molecules
plants (digestion) - Answer usually none
plants (distribution) - Answer Driven by osmosis and evaporation
plants (synthesis of molecules) - Answer Can do it all
animals (starting material) - Answer large organic molecules
animals (digestion) - Answer required to break large molecules down to building blocks
animals (distribution) - Answer pumping mechanism for most
animals (synthesis of molecules) - Answer must acquire some through diet
the large organic molecules used by animals to start nutrition are filled with ______ - Answer
energy
,how is nutrient energy measured? - Answer Nutrient energy is measured in calories (amount
of energy needed to raise the temperature of I gram of water by 1 o C).
how is food energy content measured? - Answer Food energy content is measured in
Calories. 1 Calorie = 1 kilocalorie (1000 calories).
how many calories does the average adult need at rest? - Answer The average adult needs
1500 Calories per day at complete rest. Exercise (and mental activity) greatly boosts caloric
requirements
The five major categories of animal nutrients are: - Answer 1) Lipids.
2) Carbohydrates.
3) Proteins.
4) Minerals.
5) Vitamins.
Lipid types - Answer fats
phospholipids
cholesterol
lipids provide - Answer more energy/gram than any other nutrient source.
fat (9 Calories/gram)
carbohydrates or proteins (4 Calories/gram)
pros of storing extra calories as fat - Answer -more calories with less weight (3600
Calories/pound)
-fats are hydrophobic and do not cause accumulation of water
-functions as insulation because fat conducts less heat (see fig 35-2)
-protective padding around important organs
fats also supply - Answer -certain hormones
-cell components (membranes)
-nerve cell coverings
, essential fatty acids - Answer Most fats can be synthesized by animals but some cannot and
therefore have to be obtained in our diet these are essential fatty acids. In humans linoleic acid
is an essential fatty acid.
Carbohydrates - Answer sugars
starches
cellulose
glycogen
Carbohydrates are - Answer the principal energy storage molecules in plants.
carbohydrates in animals - Answer Animals also store carbohydrates as a quick energy
source. In the liver and muscles of humans carbohydrates are stored as glycogen (animal starch)
Proteins - Answer Proteins provide the amino acids building blocks for the construction of
proteins.
essential amino acids - Answer Of the 20 amino acids that are commonly found in proteins in
humans 10 either cannot be synthesized by our bodies or are made in too low of an amount
and must be supplied by our diet.
specialized amino acids - Answer lso act as hormones and neurotransmitters.
Minerals - Answer -bones (calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, fluorine)
-teeth (calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, fluorine)
-nerve impulse conduction (sodium, potassium, chlorine)
-muscle contraction (sodium and potassium)
-oxygen transport (iron for hemoglobin)
Vitamins - Answer Vitamins are diverse types of organic compounds needed in small
amounts.
Most cannot be made by humans (except vitamin D) and therefore must be supplied by our diet
two categories of vitamins - Answer There are two categories of vitamins:
water-soluble vitamins
(35,36,37,38,39) Exam with Guaranteed
Pass Solutions 2025-2026 Updated.
Nutrition in all organisms involves four main steps: - Answer -Acquisition of nutrients
-Digestion, if required
-Distribution of nutrients throughout the body.
-Synthesis of molecules for the organism's body.
What do animal cells require? What's the main function of nutrition? - Answer Animal cells
require a continuous supply of energy. One of the main functions of nutrition in animals is to act
as an energy source.
Difference between plant and animals (nutrition wise) - Answer plants rely on
photosynthesis for their energy needs.
plants (starting material) - Answer Elements and small molecules
plants (digestion) - Answer usually none
plants (distribution) - Answer Driven by osmosis and evaporation
plants (synthesis of molecules) - Answer Can do it all
animals (starting material) - Answer large organic molecules
animals (digestion) - Answer required to break large molecules down to building blocks
animals (distribution) - Answer pumping mechanism for most
animals (synthesis of molecules) - Answer must acquire some through diet
the large organic molecules used by animals to start nutrition are filled with ______ - Answer
energy
,how is nutrient energy measured? - Answer Nutrient energy is measured in calories (amount
of energy needed to raise the temperature of I gram of water by 1 o C).
how is food energy content measured? - Answer Food energy content is measured in
Calories. 1 Calorie = 1 kilocalorie (1000 calories).
how many calories does the average adult need at rest? - Answer The average adult needs
1500 Calories per day at complete rest. Exercise (and mental activity) greatly boosts caloric
requirements
The five major categories of animal nutrients are: - Answer 1) Lipids.
2) Carbohydrates.
3) Proteins.
4) Minerals.
5) Vitamins.
Lipid types - Answer fats
phospholipids
cholesterol
lipids provide - Answer more energy/gram than any other nutrient source.
fat (9 Calories/gram)
carbohydrates or proteins (4 Calories/gram)
pros of storing extra calories as fat - Answer -more calories with less weight (3600
Calories/pound)
-fats are hydrophobic and do not cause accumulation of water
-functions as insulation because fat conducts less heat (see fig 35-2)
-protective padding around important organs
fats also supply - Answer -certain hormones
-cell components (membranes)
-nerve cell coverings
, essential fatty acids - Answer Most fats can be synthesized by animals but some cannot and
therefore have to be obtained in our diet these are essential fatty acids. In humans linoleic acid
is an essential fatty acid.
Carbohydrates - Answer sugars
starches
cellulose
glycogen
Carbohydrates are - Answer the principal energy storage molecules in plants.
carbohydrates in animals - Answer Animals also store carbohydrates as a quick energy
source. In the liver and muscles of humans carbohydrates are stored as glycogen (animal starch)
Proteins - Answer Proteins provide the amino acids building blocks for the construction of
proteins.
essential amino acids - Answer Of the 20 amino acids that are commonly found in proteins in
humans 10 either cannot be synthesized by our bodies or are made in too low of an amount
and must be supplied by our diet.
specialized amino acids - Answer lso act as hormones and neurotransmitters.
Minerals - Answer -bones (calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, fluorine)
-teeth (calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, fluorine)
-nerve impulse conduction (sodium, potassium, chlorine)
-muscle contraction (sodium and potassium)
-oxygen transport (iron for hemoglobin)
Vitamins - Answer Vitamins are diverse types of organic compounds needed in small
amounts.
Most cannot be made by humans (except vitamin D) and therefore must be supplied by our diet
two categories of vitamins - Answer There are two categories of vitamins:
water-soluble vitamins
