MCAT CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL FOUNDATIONS
RAPID REVIEW EXAM NEWEST 2025-2026 UPDATE
REAL PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS & CORRECT
ANSWERS | ALREADY GRADED A+
Content Covered (Most Frequently Tested Topics on the MCAT
C/P Section):
General Chemistry: atomic structure, periodic trends, chemical
bonding, stoichiometry, thermodynamics, kinetics,
equilibrium, acids and bases
Physics: kinematics, Newtonian mechanics, work and energy,
fluids, electrostatics, circuits, waves, optics
Biochemistry Basics: amino acids, enzymes, metabolism
fundamentals
Organic Chemistry: functional groups, stereochemistry,
reactions, spectroscopy
1. A solution has a hydrogen ion concentration of 1 × 10−4 M. What is the pH
of the solution?
A. 2
B. 4
C. 6
D. 10
Answer: B. 4
Explanation: pH = −log[H⁺]. Taking −log(1×10⁻⁴) gives a pH of 4.
2. Which subatomic particle primarily determines the chemical behavior of an
element?
, A. Proton
B. Neutron
C. Electron
D. Nucleus
Answer: C. Electron
Explanation: Chemical behavior depends mainly on the arrangement and
interactions of electrons, especially valence electrons.
3. A 2 kg object moving at 3 m/s has what kinetic energy?
A. 3 J
B. 6 J
C. 9 J
D. 18 J
Answer: C. 9 J
Explanation: KE = ½mv². Substituting values: ½(2)(3²) = 9 J.
4. Which intermolecular force is strongest?
A. London dispersion forces
B. Dipole–dipole interactions
C. Hydrogen bonding
D. Ion–dipole interactions
Answer: D. Ion–dipole interactions
Explanation: Ion–dipole forces occur between a full ionic charge and a molecular
dipole, making them stronger than hydrogen bonding or dipole interactions.
5. What is the oxidation state of sulfur in H₂SO₄?
A. +2
B. +4
C. +6
D. −2
Answer: C. +6
Explanation: Hydrogen is +1 each (2 total), oxygen −2 each (−8 total). For
neutrality: S +2 −8 = 0, so S = +6.
, 6. According to the ideal gas law, if temperature increases while pressure and
moles remain constant, volume will:
A. decrease
B. remain constant
C. increase
D. become zero
Answer: C. increase
Explanation: From PV = nRT, if P and n are constant, V is directly proportional to
T.
7. Which amino acid contains a sulfur atom?
A. Glycine
B. Cysteine
C. Alanine
D. Valine
Answer: B. Cysteine
Explanation: Cysteine contains a thiol (–SH) group which includes sulfur.
8. What type of bond links amino acids in proteins?
A. Glycosidic bond
B. Phosphodiester bond
C. Peptide bond
D. Hydrogen bond
Answer: C. Peptide bond
Explanation: Peptide bonds form via condensation reactions between amino
acids.
9. Which law states that the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its
volume at constant temperature?
A. Boyle’s law
B. Charles’s law
C. Dalton’s law
D. Avogadro’s law
RAPID REVIEW EXAM NEWEST 2025-2026 UPDATE
REAL PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS & CORRECT
ANSWERS | ALREADY GRADED A+
Content Covered (Most Frequently Tested Topics on the MCAT
C/P Section):
General Chemistry: atomic structure, periodic trends, chemical
bonding, stoichiometry, thermodynamics, kinetics,
equilibrium, acids and bases
Physics: kinematics, Newtonian mechanics, work and energy,
fluids, electrostatics, circuits, waves, optics
Biochemistry Basics: amino acids, enzymes, metabolism
fundamentals
Organic Chemistry: functional groups, stereochemistry,
reactions, spectroscopy
1. A solution has a hydrogen ion concentration of 1 × 10−4 M. What is the pH
of the solution?
A. 2
B. 4
C. 6
D. 10
Answer: B. 4
Explanation: pH = −log[H⁺]. Taking −log(1×10⁻⁴) gives a pH of 4.
2. Which subatomic particle primarily determines the chemical behavior of an
element?
, A. Proton
B. Neutron
C. Electron
D. Nucleus
Answer: C. Electron
Explanation: Chemical behavior depends mainly on the arrangement and
interactions of electrons, especially valence electrons.
3. A 2 kg object moving at 3 m/s has what kinetic energy?
A. 3 J
B. 6 J
C. 9 J
D. 18 J
Answer: C. 9 J
Explanation: KE = ½mv². Substituting values: ½(2)(3²) = 9 J.
4. Which intermolecular force is strongest?
A. London dispersion forces
B. Dipole–dipole interactions
C. Hydrogen bonding
D. Ion–dipole interactions
Answer: D. Ion–dipole interactions
Explanation: Ion–dipole forces occur between a full ionic charge and a molecular
dipole, making them stronger than hydrogen bonding or dipole interactions.
5. What is the oxidation state of sulfur in H₂SO₄?
A. +2
B. +4
C. +6
D. −2
Answer: C. +6
Explanation: Hydrogen is +1 each (2 total), oxygen −2 each (−8 total). For
neutrality: S +2 −8 = 0, so S = +6.
, 6. According to the ideal gas law, if temperature increases while pressure and
moles remain constant, volume will:
A. decrease
B. remain constant
C. increase
D. become zero
Answer: C. increase
Explanation: From PV = nRT, if P and n are constant, V is directly proportional to
T.
7. Which amino acid contains a sulfur atom?
A. Glycine
B. Cysteine
C. Alanine
D. Valine
Answer: B. Cysteine
Explanation: Cysteine contains a thiol (–SH) group which includes sulfur.
8. What type of bond links amino acids in proteins?
A. Glycosidic bond
B. Phosphodiester bond
C. Peptide bond
D. Hydrogen bond
Answer: C. Peptide bond
Explanation: Peptide bonds form via condensation reactions between amino
acids.
9. Which law states that the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its
volume at constant temperature?
A. Boyle’s law
B. Charles’s law
C. Dalton’s law
D. Avogadro’s law
