PN4003 Latest Update 2026) Variations
in Health | Questions & Answers |
100% Correct | Grade A - SCC
Examples of sensible fluid loss ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓urination, defecation, wounds
Examples of insensible fluid loss ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓breathing and sweating
Intracellular fluid is _____ of body weight ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓40%
extracellular fluid is ____ of body weight ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓20%
T/F Interstitial and Intravascular are the two types of extracellular fluid ------- ✔ CORRECT
ANSWER ✓✓True
What are the passive transports? ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓diffusion
filtration
osmosis
what are the active transport system? ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓requires energy
, Diffusion ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓Movement of molecules from an area of higher
concentration to an area of lower concentration.
membrane types:
permeable
semi-permeable
impermeable
Filtration ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓Movement of solute and solvent across a membrane
caused by hydrostatic (water pushing) pressure
Osmosis ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓Occurs through a semipermeable membrane using
osmotic (water pulling) pressure
Active transport system is dependent on the presence of ___________. ------- ✔ CORRECT
ANSWER ✓✓ATP
Fluid types ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓isotonic
hypotonic
hypertonic
Isotonic solution examples ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓normal saline
lactated ringers
,Hypotonic solution examples ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓0.45% NaCl
Hypertonic solution examples ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓Dextrose 5% in Normal saline
solution
What is the baroreceptor reflex? ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓When BP falls, HR increases
and arterioles constrict resulting in fluid retention.
Volume receptors ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓Respond to fluid excess in the atria and great
vessels, stimulation of these receptors creates a strong renal response that increases urine
output
Renin-angiotension-aldosterone is an enzyme secreted by the .......... when arterial pressure or
volume .......... ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓kidneys
drops
define syncope ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓fainting
antidiurectic hormone is also called ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓vasopressin
growth hormone is produced where ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓anterior pituitary gland
what is an ERCP test ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓Endoscopic retrograde
cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is an endoscopic procedure to identify the presence of
stones, tumors, or narrowing in the biliary and pancreatic ducts.
, Foot amputation considerations ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓risk for infection, haemorrhage
and alerted body image
T/F Phantom pain can be described as pain, burning and tingling in the missing limb. ------- ✔
CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓True
Metabolic acidosis ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓low pH, low HCO3
Metabolic acidosis s/s ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓Drowsiness
Confusion
Headache
Coma
↓BP
Dysrhythmias (R/T Hyperkalemia)
Warm, flushed skin
Nausea/Vomiting/Diarrhea/Abdominal pain
Deep, rapid respirations
Metabolic alkalosis ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓high pH, high HCO3
Metabolic alkalosis s/s ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓Drowsiness
Dizziness
Nervousness
Confusion
↑BP
↑HR
in Health | Questions & Answers |
100% Correct | Grade A - SCC
Examples of sensible fluid loss ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓urination, defecation, wounds
Examples of insensible fluid loss ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓breathing and sweating
Intracellular fluid is _____ of body weight ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓40%
extracellular fluid is ____ of body weight ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓20%
T/F Interstitial and Intravascular are the two types of extracellular fluid ------- ✔ CORRECT
ANSWER ✓✓True
What are the passive transports? ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓diffusion
filtration
osmosis
what are the active transport system? ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓requires energy
, Diffusion ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓Movement of molecules from an area of higher
concentration to an area of lower concentration.
membrane types:
permeable
semi-permeable
impermeable
Filtration ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓Movement of solute and solvent across a membrane
caused by hydrostatic (water pushing) pressure
Osmosis ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓Occurs through a semipermeable membrane using
osmotic (water pulling) pressure
Active transport system is dependent on the presence of ___________. ------- ✔ CORRECT
ANSWER ✓✓ATP
Fluid types ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓isotonic
hypotonic
hypertonic
Isotonic solution examples ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓normal saline
lactated ringers
,Hypotonic solution examples ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓0.45% NaCl
Hypertonic solution examples ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓Dextrose 5% in Normal saline
solution
What is the baroreceptor reflex? ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓When BP falls, HR increases
and arterioles constrict resulting in fluid retention.
Volume receptors ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓Respond to fluid excess in the atria and great
vessels, stimulation of these receptors creates a strong renal response that increases urine
output
Renin-angiotension-aldosterone is an enzyme secreted by the .......... when arterial pressure or
volume .......... ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓kidneys
drops
define syncope ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓fainting
antidiurectic hormone is also called ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓vasopressin
growth hormone is produced where ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓anterior pituitary gland
what is an ERCP test ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓Endoscopic retrograde
cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is an endoscopic procedure to identify the presence of
stones, tumors, or narrowing in the biliary and pancreatic ducts.
, Foot amputation considerations ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓risk for infection, haemorrhage
and alerted body image
T/F Phantom pain can be described as pain, burning and tingling in the missing limb. ------- ✔
CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓True
Metabolic acidosis ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓low pH, low HCO3
Metabolic acidosis s/s ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓Drowsiness
Confusion
Headache
Coma
↓BP
Dysrhythmias (R/T Hyperkalemia)
Warm, flushed skin
Nausea/Vomiting/Diarrhea/Abdominal pain
Deep, rapid respirations
Metabolic alkalosis ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓high pH, high HCO3
Metabolic alkalosis s/s ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓Drowsiness
Dizziness
Nervousness
Confusion
↑BP
↑HR
