SOC 110 - Exam 1 STUDY GUIDE VERIFIED CORRECT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATED VERSION 2026/2027 (GRADED A+)

How did Marx view the economy? - Answer️He asserted that all societal elements depend on its economic structure. Define Class Consciousness - Answer️Is the awareness of one's rank in society. What theory did Max Weber support? - Answer️Symbolic Interactionism. Define social anomie - Answer️A situation where society lacks a firm collective consciousness. How did Protestants achieve salvation? - Answer️Through inner grace or faith in God. What is the Thomas theorem? - Answer️How a subjective reality can drive events to develop in accordance with that reality, despite being originally unsupported by objective reality What is role strain? - Answer️Is stress that occurs when too much is required of a single role What is the looking-glass self? - Answer️Our reflection of how we think we appear to others. What is 'the self'? - Answer️A person's distinct identity developed through social interaction. What do children do during the 'play stage'? - Answer️When children begin to take on the role that one other person might have. Thus, children might try on a parent's point of view by acting out "grownup" behavior, like playing dress-up and acting out the "mom" role or talking on a toy telephone the way they see adults do. Describe moral development - Answer️The way people learn what society considers to be "good: and "bad", important for a smoothly functioning society (Preconventional, Conventional, Postconventional) What is practical intelligence? - Answer️Knowing what to say to whom, knowing when to say it, and knowing how to say it for maximum effect How do interactionists think of socialization? - Answer️face-to-face exchanges and symbolic communication. For example, dressing baby boys in blue and baby girls in pink is one small way we convey messages about differences in gender roles. How do poor and rich families differ in raising children? - Answer️Poor families usually emphasize obedience and conformity when raising their children, while wealthy families emphasize judgment and creativity What is hidden curriculum? - Answer️The informal teaching done by schools. What is the boomerang generation? - Answer️Recent college graduates, for whom lack of adequate employment upon college graduation and often return to the parental home What is a total institution? - Answer️Where people are isolated from society and are forced to follow someone else's rules. What is socialization related to society? - Answer️The process through which people are taught to be proficient members of society by describing the ways that people come to understand societal norms/expectation, to accept society's beliefs, and to be aware of societal values How are girls and boys socialized differently? - Answer️Boys focus on justice; girls focus on empathy. Define Sociology - Answer️Is the scientific and systematic study of groups and group interactions, societies and social interactions, from small and personal groups to very large groups. What are social facts? - Answer️Laws, morals, values, religious beliefs, customs, fashions, rituals, and cultural rules that govern social life. How did Plato and Aristotle influence sociology? - Answer️They looked at society. Even though it wasn't a field then, there were writings against authority regarding brutality from the rich/wealthy. Mostly anonymously written out of fear they would be executed What is positivism? - Answer️The scientific study of social patterns. Who published biological racism? - Answer️William Edward Burghardt (W.E.B.) Du Bois What are paradigms? - Answer️philosophical and theoretical frameworks used within a discipline to formulate theories, generalizations, and the experiments performed in support of them What are manifest functions? - Answer️Sought consequences of a social process. What are sociological dysfunctions? - Answer️Social processes that have undesirable consequences for the operation of society. What is symbolic interactionism? - Answer️a theoretical perspective through which scholars examine the relationship of individuals within their society by studying their communication (language and symbols) Define Dramaturgical Analysis - Answer️a technique sociologists use in which they view society through the metaphor of theatrical performance What are transferable skills? - Answer️employers that want to hire people whose knowledge and education can be applied in a variety of settings and whose skills will contribute to various tasks.