, Test Bank: Nutrition for Dental
Health: A Guide for the Dental
Professional, 3rd Edition
Contents
Chapter 1: Eating 101 .............................................................................................................................................4
Chapter Summary ................................................................................................................................................4
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) ...............................................................................................................4
Chapter 2: Carbohydrates .................................................................................................................................. 11
Chapter Summary ............................................................................................................................................. 11
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) ............................................................................................................ 11
Chapter 3: Protein ................................................................................................................................................. 18
Chapter Summary ............................................................................................................................................. 18
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) ............................................................................................................ 18
Chapter 4: Lipids .................................................................................................................................................... 25
Chapter Summary ............................................................................................................................................. 25
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) ............................................................................................................ 25
Chapter 5: Vitamins .............................................................................................................................................. 32
Chapter Summary ............................................................................................................................................. 32
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) ............................................................................................................ 32
Chapter 6: Minerals............................................................................................................................................... 39
Chapter Summary ............................................................................................................................................. 39
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) ............................................................................................................ 39
Chapter 7: Water .................................................................................................................................................... 46
Chapter Summary ............................................................................................................................................. 46
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) ............................................................................................................ 46
Chapter 8: Dietary and Herbal Supplements.............................................................................................. 53
Chapter Summary ............................................................................................................................................. 53
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) ............................................................................................................ 53
,Chapter 9: Diet and Dental Caries ................................................................................................................... 60
Chapter Summary ............................................................................................................................................. 60
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) ............................................................................................................ 60
Chapter 10: Nutrition and Periodontal Disease ........................................................................................ 67
Chapter Summary ............................................................................................................................................. 67
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) ............................................................................................................ 67
Chapter 11: Choosing Foods for Health and Fitness ............................................................................... 75
Chapter Summary ............................................................................................................................................. 75
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) ............................................................................................................ 75
Chapter 12: Reading Labels ............................................................................................................................... 82
Chapter Summary ............................................................................................................................................. 82
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) ............................................................................................................ 82
Chapter 13: Nutrient Needs for Development and Maintenance of Oral Structures ................. 89
Chapter Summary ............................................................................................................................................. 89
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) ............................................................................................................ 89
Chapter 14: Dietary Considerations for the Life Cycle ........................................................................... 96
Chapter Summary ............................................................................................................................................. 96
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) ............................................................................................................ 96
Chapter 15: Eating Disorders ........................................................................................................................ 103
Chapter Summary .......................................................................................................................................... 103
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) ......................................................................................................... 103
Chapter 16: Nutritional Counseling ............................................................................................................ 111
Chapter Summary .......................................................................................................................................... 111
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) ......................................................................................................... 111
Chapter 17: Nutritional Considerations for Special Population Groups ...................................... 118
Chapter Summary .......................................................................................................................................... 118
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) ......................................................................................................... 118
Chapter 18: Nutritive Value of Complimentary Therapies for Oral Care .................................... 126
Chapter Summary .......................................................................................................................................... 126
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) ......................................................................................................... 126
,Chapter 1: Eating 101
Chapter Summary
Chapter 1 introduces the basic concepts of nutrition and its vital
role in oral and systemic health. It covers the definitions of
nutrients, the six major classes of nutrients (carbohydrates,
proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and water), and the concept of
energy balance. The chapter emphasizes that "you are what you
eat" and that nutritional status directly impacts the integrity of oral
tissues and the body's ability to resist disease. It also introduces
the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) and the importance of a
balanced diet in preventing chronic diseases.
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
1. Which of the following is defined as the science of how the
body uses food to meet its requirements for growth,
maintenance, and repair?
A. Dietetics
B. Nutrition
C. Metabolism
D. Physiology
**Correct Answer: B**
**Rationale:** Nutrition is the study of nutrients and how the body
handles them.
2. Which class of nutrients is the body's primary source of
energy?
A. Proteins
B. Lipids
,C. Carbohydrates
D. Vitamins
**Correct Answer: C**
**Rationale:** Carbohydrates are the most efficient fuel source for
the body's cells, especially the brain.
3. How many calories are provided by one gram of protein?
A. 4 calories
B. 7 calories
C. 9 calories
D. 0 calories
**Correct Answer: A**
**Rationale:** Both carbohydrates and proteins provide 4 kcal/g,
while fats provide 9 kcal/g.
4. Which of the following is considered a "micronutrient"?
A. Water
B. Protein
C. Vitamin C
D. Carbohydrate
**Correct Answer: C**
**Rationale:** Vitamins and minerals are needed in small amounts
and are classified as micronutrients.
5. The process by which living things use food to obtain energy
is called:
,A. Digestion
B. Absorption
C. Metabolism
D. Ingestion
**Correct Answer: C**
**Rationale:** Metabolism encompasses all chemical reactions in the
body, including energy production.
6. Which of the following is NOT one of the six major classes of
nutrients?
A. Fiber
B. Water
C. Minerals
D. Lipids
**Correct Answer: A**
**Rationale:** While fiber is important for health, it is a type of
carbohydrate, not a separate major class.
7. What is the primary role of the dental professional
regarding nutrition?
A. Prescribing medical weight loss diets.
B. Identifying nutritional risks that affect oral health.
C. Performing blood tests for nutrient deficiencies.
D. Selling nutritional supplements in the office.
**Correct Answer: B**
,**Rationale:** Dental professionals screen for nutritional issues that
impact the teeth and periodontium.
8. The amount of heat energy required to raise the
temperature of 1 kilogram of water by 1 degree Celsius is a:
A. Joule
B. Kilocalorie
C. Watt
D. Milligram
**Correct Answer: B**
**Rationale:** In nutrition, "calorie" usually refers to the kilocalorie
(kcal).
9. Which nutrient class is essential for the repair and building
of body tissues?
A. Carbohydrates
B. Proteins
C. Vitamins
D. Water
**Correct Answer: B**
**Rationale:** Proteins provide the amino acids necessary for
structural growth and repair.
10. Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) are designed to:
A. Cure existing nutritional diseases.
B. Provide a set of standards for healthy people's nutrient intake.
,C. Limit the intake of all fats to zero.
D. Replace the need for eating a variety of foods.
**Correct Answer: B**
**Rationale:** DRIs are reference values used to plan and assess
nutrient intakes of healthy people.
11. Which of the following is a symptom of poor nutritional
status that might be seen in the oral cavity?
A. Increased tooth enamel hardness.
B. Delayed wound healing of the gingiva.
C. Decreased saliva production (only if drinking coffee).
D. Whiter teeth.
**Correct Answer: B**
**Rationale:** Nutrient deficiencies often manifest as impaired tissue
repair and oral mucosal changes.
12. "Empty calories" refers to foods that are:
A. High in fiber but low in taste.
B. High in calories but low in nutrients.
C. Low in calories but high in vitamins.
D. Only found in liquid form.
**Correct Answer: B**
**Rationale:** These foods provide energy (usually from sugar or fat)
with little nutritional value.
13. The most abundant nutrient in the human body is:
,A. Calcium
B. Protein
C. Water
D. Fat
**Correct Answer: C**
**Rationale:** Water makes up approximately 60% of an adult's
body weight.
14. Which factor has the greatest influence on a person's food
choices?
A. Genetic makeup
B. Nutritional knowledge
C. Taste and habit
D. Scientific reports
**Correct Answer: C**
**Rationale:** Sensory appeal (taste) and cultural habits are
primary drivers of food selection.
15. Malnutrition can refer to:
A. Only a deficiency of nutrients.
B. Only an excess of nutrients.
C. Both a deficiency and an excess of nutrients.
D. Only a lack of protein.
**Correct Answer: C**
, **Rationale:** Malnutrition includes undernutrition and
overnutrition (obesity/toxicity).
16. A "nutrient-dense" food is one that:
A. Has a lot of calories in a small serving.
B. Provides a high amount of nutrients relative to its calorie
content.
C. Is very heavy in weight.
D. Is always organic.
**Correct Answer: B**
**Rationale:** Examples include vegetables and fruits compared to
sugary snacks.
17. Which of the following is an organic nutrient?
A. Water
B. Iron
C. Protein
D. Calcium
**Correct Answer: C**
**Rationale:** Organic nutrients contain carbon (carbs, proteins,
lipids, vitamins). Minerals and water are inorganic.
Health: A Guide for the Dental
Professional, 3rd Edition
Contents
Chapter 1: Eating 101 .............................................................................................................................................4
Chapter Summary ................................................................................................................................................4
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) ...............................................................................................................4
Chapter 2: Carbohydrates .................................................................................................................................. 11
Chapter Summary ............................................................................................................................................. 11
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) ............................................................................................................ 11
Chapter 3: Protein ................................................................................................................................................. 18
Chapter Summary ............................................................................................................................................. 18
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) ............................................................................................................ 18
Chapter 4: Lipids .................................................................................................................................................... 25
Chapter Summary ............................................................................................................................................. 25
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) ............................................................................................................ 25
Chapter 5: Vitamins .............................................................................................................................................. 32
Chapter Summary ............................................................................................................................................. 32
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) ............................................................................................................ 32
Chapter 6: Minerals............................................................................................................................................... 39
Chapter Summary ............................................................................................................................................. 39
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) ............................................................................................................ 39
Chapter 7: Water .................................................................................................................................................... 46
Chapter Summary ............................................................................................................................................. 46
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) ............................................................................................................ 46
Chapter 8: Dietary and Herbal Supplements.............................................................................................. 53
Chapter Summary ............................................................................................................................................. 53
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) ............................................................................................................ 53
,Chapter 9: Diet and Dental Caries ................................................................................................................... 60
Chapter Summary ............................................................................................................................................. 60
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) ............................................................................................................ 60
Chapter 10: Nutrition and Periodontal Disease ........................................................................................ 67
Chapter Summary ............................................................................................................................................. 67
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) ............................................................................................................ 67
Chapter 11: Choosing Foods for Health and Fitness ............................................................................... 75
Chapter Summary ............................................................................................................................................. 75
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) ............................................................................................................ 75
Chapter 12: Reading Labels ............................................................................................................................... 82
Chapter Summary ............................................................................................................................................. 82
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) ............................................................................................................ 82
Chapter 13: Nutrient Needs for Development and Maintenance of Oral Structures ................. 89
Chapter Summary ............................................................................................................................................. 89
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) ............................................................................................................ 89
Chapter 14: Dietary Considerations for the Life Cycle ........................................................................... 96
Chapter Summary ............................................................................................................................................. 96
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) ............................................................................................................ 96
Chapter 15: Eating Disorders ........................................................................................................................ 103
Chapter Summary .......................................................................................................................................... 103
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) ......................................................................................................... 103
Chapter 16: Nutritional Counseling ............................................................................................................ 111
Chapter Summary .......................................................................................................................................... 111
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) ......................................................................................................... 111
Chapter 17: Nutritional Considerations for Special Population Groups ...................................... 118
Chapter Summary .......................................................................................................................................... 118
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) ......................................................................................................... 118
Chapter 18: Nutritive Value of Complimentary Therapies for Oral Care .................................... 126
Chapter Summary .......................................................................................................................................... 126
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) ......................................................................................................... 126
,Chapter 1: Eating 101
Chapter Summary
Chapter 1 introduces the basic concepts of nutrition and its vital
role in oral and systemic health. It covers the definitions of
nutrients, the six major classes of nutrients (carbohydrates,
proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and water), and the concept of
energy balance. The chapter emphasizes that "you are what you
eat" and that nutritional status directly impacts the integrity of oral
tissues and the body's ability to resist disease. It also introduces
the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) and the importance of a
balanced diet in preventing chronic diseases.
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
1. Which of the following is defined as the science of how the
body uses food to meet its requirements for growth,
maintenance, and repair?
A. Dietetics
B. Nutrition
C. Metabolism
D. Physiology
**Correct Answer: B**
**Rationale:** Nutrition is the study of nutrients and how the body
handles them.
2. Which class of nutrients is the body's primary source of
energy?
A. Proteins
B. Lipids
,C. Carbohydrates
D. Vitamins
**Correct Answer: C**
**Rationale:** Carbohydrates are the most efficient fuel source for
the body's cells, especially the brain.
3. How many calories are provided by one gram of protein?
A. 4 calories
B. 7 calories
C. 9 calories
D. 0 calories
**Correct Answer: A**
**Rationale:** Both carbohydrates and proteins provide 4 kcal/g,
while fats provide 9 kcal/g.
4. Which of the following is considered a "micronutrient"?
A. Water
B. Protein
C. Vitamin C
D. Carbohydrate
**Correct Answer: C**
**Rationale:** Vitamins and minerals are needed in small amounts
and are classified as micronutrients.
5. The process by which living things use food to obtain energy
is called:
,A. Digestion
B. Absorption
C. Metabolism
D. Ingestion
**Correct Answer: C**
**Rationale:** Metabolism encompasses all chemical reactions in the
body, including energy production.
6. Which of the following is NOT one of the six major classes of
nutrients?
A. Fiber
B. Water
C. Minerals
D. Lipids
**Correct Answer: A**
**Rationale:** While fiber is important for health, it is a type of
carbohydrate, not a separate major class.
7. What is the primary role of the dental professional
regarding nutrition?
A. Prescribing medical weight loss diets.
B. Identifying nutritional risks that affect oral health.
C. Performing blood tests for nutrient deficiencies.
D. Selling nutritional supplements in the office.
**Correct Answer: B**
,**Rationale:** Dental professionals screen for nutritional issues that
impact the teeth and periodontium.
8. The amount of heat energy required to raise the
temperature of 1 kilogram of water by 1 degree Celsius is a:
A. Joule
B. Kilocalorie
C. Watt
D. Milligram
**Correct Answer: B**
**Rationale:** In nutrition, "calorie" usually refers to the kilocalorie
(kcal).
9. Which nutrient class is essential for the repair and building
of body tissues?
A. Carbohydrates
B. Proteins
C. Vitamins
D. Water
**Correct Answer: B**
**Rationale:** Proteins provide the amino acids necessary for
structural growth and repair.
10. Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) are designed to:
A. Cure existing nutritional diseases.
B. Provide a set of standards for healthy people's nutrient intake.
,C. Limit the intake of all fats to zero.
D. Replace the need for eating a variety of foods.
**Correct Answer: B**
**Rationale:** DRIs are reference values used to plan and assess
nutrient intakes of healthy people.
11. Which of the following is a symptom of poor nutritional
status that might be seen in the oral cavity?
A. Increased tooth enamel hardness.
B. Delayed wound healing of the gingiva.
C. Decreased saliva production (only if drinking coffee).
D. Whiter teeth.
**Correct Answer: B**
**Rationale:** Nutrient deficiencies often manifest as impaired tissue
repair and oral mucosal changes.
12. "Empty calories" refers to foods that are:
A. High in fiber but low in taste.
B. High in calories but low in nutrients.
C. Low in calories but high in vitamins.
D. Only found in liquid form.
**Correct Answer: B**
**Rationale:** These foods provide energy (usually from sugar or fat)
with little nutritional value.
13. The most abundant nutrient in the human body is:
,A. Calcium
B. Protein
C. Water
D. Fat
**Correct Answer: C**
**Rationale:** Water makes up approximately 60% of an adult's
body weight.
14. Which factor has the greatest influence on a person's food
choices?
A. Genetic makeup
B. Nutritional knowledge
C. Taste and habit
D. Scientific reports
**Correct Answer: C**
**Rationale:** Sensory appeal (taste) and cultural habits are
primary drivers of food selection.
15. Malnutrition can refer to:
A. Only a deficiency of nutrients.
B. Only an excess of nutrients.
C. Both a deficiency and an excess of nutrients.
D. Only a lack of protein.
**Correct Answer: C**
, **Rationale:** Malnutrition includes undernutrition and
overnutrition (obesity/toxicity).
16. A "nutrient-dense" food is one that:
A. Has a lot of calories in a small serving.
B. Provides a high amount of nutrients relative to its calorie
content.
C. Is very heavy in weight.
D. Is always organic.
**Correct Answer: B**
**Rationale:** Examples include vegetables and fruits compared to
sugary snacks.
17. Which of the following is an organic nutrient?
A. Water
B. Iron
C. Protein
D. Calcium
**Correct Answer: C**
**Rationale:** Organic nutrients contain carbon (carbs, proteins,
lipids, vitamins). Minerals and water are inorganic.
