,Chapter 01: Nursing Today
hv hv hv
Potter: Fundamentals of Nursing, 11th Edition
hv hv hv hv hv
MULTIPLE CHOICE hv
1. Which nurse most likely kept records on sanitation techniques and the effects on health?
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
a. Florence Nightingale hv
b. Mary Nutting hv
c. Clara Barton hv
d. Lillian Wald hv
ANS: A hv
Nightingale was the first practicing nurse epidemiologist. Her statistical analyses connected p
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
oor sanitation with cholera and dysentery. Mary Nutting, Clara Barton, and Lillian Wald cam
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
e after Nightingale, each contributing to the nursing profession in her own way. Mary Nutting
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
was instrumental in moving nursing education into universities. Clara Barton founded the Ame
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
rican Red Cross. Lillian Wald helped open the Henry Street Settlement.
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
DIF:Understand (comprehension) hv
OBJ:Discuss the influence of social, historical, political, and economic changes on nursing practices.
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
TOP: Evaluation MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance h v hv hv hv
2. The nurse prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain expected outcome. Which standard of
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
nursing practice is the nurse following? hv hv hv hv hv
a. Assessment
b. Diagnosis
c. Planning
d. Implementation
ANS: C hv
In planning, the registered nurse develops a plan that prescribes strategies and alternatives to
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
attain expected outcomes. During assessment, the registered nurse collects comprehensive dat
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
a pertinent to the patient’s health and/or the situation. In diagnosis, the registered nurse analy
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
zes the assessment data to determine the diagnoses or issues. During implementation, the regist
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
ered nurse implements (carries out) the identified plan.
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
DIF:Understand (comprehension) hv
OBJ:Discuss the development of professional nursing roles. hv hv hv hv hv hv
TOP: Planning hv
hv MSC: Management of Care h v hv hv
3. An experienced medical-
hv hv
surgical nurse chooses to work in obstetrics. Which level of proficiency is the nurse u
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
pon initial transition to the obstetrical floor?
hv hv hv hv hv hv
a. Novice
b. Proficient
c. Competent
d. Advanced beginner hv
ANS: A hv
, A beginning nursing student or any nurse entering a situation in which there is no previous le
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
vel of experience (e.g., an experienced operating room nurse chooses to now practice in home
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
health) is an example of a novice nurse. A proficient nurse perceives a patient’s clinical situati
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
on as a whole, is able to assess an entire situation, and can readily transfer knowledge gained
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
from multiple previous experiences to a situation. A competent nurse understands the organiz
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
ation and specific care required by the type of patients (e.g., surgical, oncology, or orthopedic
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv h
patients). This nurse is a competent practitioner who is able to anticipate nursing care and est
v hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
ablish long- hv
range goals. A nurse who has had some level of experience with the situation is an advanced
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
beginner. This experience may only be observational in nature, but the nurse is able to identif
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
y meaningful aspects or principles of nursing care.
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
DIF:Apply (application) hv
OBJ:Discuss the development of professional nursing roles. hv hv hv hv hv hv
TOP: Evaluation hv
hv MSC: Management of Care h v hv hv
4. A nurse assesses a patient’s fluid status and decides that the patient needs to drink more fluids.
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
The nurse then encourages the patient to drink more fluids. Which concept is the nurse demon
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
strating?
a. Licensure
b. Autonomy
c. Certification
d. Accountability
ANS: B hv
Autonomy is an essential element of professional nursing that involves the initiation of indep
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
endent nursing interventions without medical orders. To obtain licensure in the United States,
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv h
the RN candidate must pass the NCLEX-RN. Beyond the NCLEX-
v hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
RN, the nurse may choose to work toward certification in a specific area of nursing practice.
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
Accountability means that you are responsible, professionally and legally, for the type and qua
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
lity of nursing care provided.
hv hv hv hv
DIF:Apply (application) hv
OBJ:Discuss the roles and career opportunities for nurses. hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
TOP: Implementation hv
hv MSC: Management of Care h v hv hv
5. A nurse prepares the budget and policies for an intensive care unit. Which role is the nurse i
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
mplementing?
a. Educator
b. Manager
c. Advocate
d. Caregiver
ANS: B hv
, A manager coordinates the activities of members of the nursing staff in delivering nursing car
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
e and has personnel, policy, and budgetary responsibility for a specific nursing unit or facility
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
. As an educator, you explain concepts and facts about health, describe the reason for routine
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
care activities, demonstrate procedures such as self-
hv hv hv hv hv hv
care activities, reinforce learning or patient behavior, and evaluate the patient’s progress in lea
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
rning. As a patient advocate, you protect your patient’s human and legal rights and provide assi
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
stance in asserting these rights if the need arises. As a caregiver, you help patients maintain an
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
d regain health, manage disease and symptoms, and attain a maximal level function and indep
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
endence through the healing process. hv hv hv hv
DIF:Apply (application) hv
OBJ:Discuss the roles and career opportunities for nurses. hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
TOP: Implementation hv
hv MSC: Management of Care h v hv hv
6. The nurse has been working in the clinical setting for several years as an advanced practice
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
nurse. However, the nurse has a strong desire to pursue research and theory development. To f
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
ulfill this desire, which program should the nurse attend?
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
a. Doctor of Nursing Science degree (DNSc) hv hv hv hv hv
b. Doctor of Philosophy degree (PhD) hv hv hv hv
c. Doctor of Nursing Practice degree (DNP) hv hv hv hv hv
d. Doctor in the Science of Nursing degree (DSN) hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
ANS: B hv
Some doctoral programs prepare nurses for more rigorous research and theory development a
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
nd award the research-
hv hv hv
oriented Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in nursing. Professional doctoral programs in nursing (D
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
SN or DNSc) prepare graduates to apply research findings to clinical nursing. The DNP is a p
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
ractice doctorate that prepares advanced practice nurses such as nurse practitioners.
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
DIF:Understand (comprehension) hv
OBJ:Compare and contrast the educational programs available for professional registered nurse (RN)
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
education. TOP: Teaching/Learning MSC: Management of Care h v h v hv hv
7. A nurse attends a workshop on current nursing issues provided by the American Nurses
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
Association. Which type of education did the nurse receive? hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
a. Graduate education hv
b. Inservice education hv
c. Continuing education hv
d. Registered nurse education hv hv
ANS: C hv
Continuing education involves formal, organized educational programs offered by universitie
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
s, hospitals, state nurses associations, professional nursing organizations, and educational and
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
health care institutions. After obtaining a baccalaureate degree in nursing, you can pursue grad
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
uate education leading to a master’s or doctoral degree in any number of graduate fields, inclu
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
ding nursing. Inservice education programs are instruction or training provided by a health ca
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
re facility or institution. Registered nurse education is the education preparation for an individ
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
ual intending to be an RN.
hv hv hv hv hv
DIF:Apply (application) hv
OBJ:Compare and contrast the educational programs available for professional registered nurse (RN)
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
hv hv hv
Potter: Fundamentals of Nursing, 11th Edition
hv hv hv hv hv
MULTIPLE CHOICE hv
1. Which nurse most likely kept records on sanitation techniques and the effects on health?
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
a. Florence Nightingale hv
b. Mary Nutting hv
c. Clara Barton hv
d. Lillian Wald hv
ANS: A hv
Nightingale was the first practicing nurse epidemiologist. Her statistical analyses connected p
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
oor sanitation with cholera and dysentery. Mary Nutting, Clara Barton, and Lillian Wald cam
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
e after Nightingale, each contributing to the nursing profession in her own way. Mary Nutting
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
was instrumental in moving nursing education into universities. Clara Barton founded the Ame
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
rican Red Cross. Lillian Wald helped open the Henry Street Settlement.
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
DIF:Understand (comprehension) hv
OBJ:Discuss the influence of social, historical, political, and economic changes on nursing practices.
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
TOP: Evaluation MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance h v hv hv hv
2. The nurse prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain expected outcome. Which standard of
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
nursing practice is the nurse following? hv hv hv hv hv
a. Assessment
b. Diagnosis
c. Planning
d. Implementation
ANS: C hv
In planning, the registered nurse develops a plan that prescribes strategies and alternatives to
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
attain expected outcomes. During assessment, the registered nurse collects comprehensive dat
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
a pertinent to the patient’s health and/or the situation. In diagnosis, the registered nurse analy
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
zes the assessment data to determine the diagnoses or issues. During implementation, the regist
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
ered nurse implements (carries out) the identified plan.
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
DIF:Understand (comprehension) hv
OBJ:Discuss the development of professional nursing roles. hv hv hv hv hv hv
TOP: Planning hv
hv MSC: Management of Care h v hv hv
3. An experienced medical-
hv hv
surgical nurse chooses to work in obstetrics. Which level of proficiency is the nurse u
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
pon initial transition to the obstetrical floor?
hv hv hv hv hv hv
a. Novice
b. Proficient
c. Competent
d. Advanced beginner hv
ANS: A hv
, A beginning nursing student or any nurse entering a situation in which there is no previous le
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
vel of experience (e.g., an experienced operating room nurse chooses to now practice in home
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
health) is an example of a novice nurse. A proficient nurse perceives a patient’s clinical situati
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
on as a whole, is able to assess an entire situation, and can readily transfer knowledge gained
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
from multiple previous experiences to a situation. A competent nurse understands the organiz
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
ation and specific care required by the type of patients (e.g., surgical, oncology, or orthopedic
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv h
patients). This nurse is a competent practitioner who is able to anticipate nursing care and est
v hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
ablish long- hv
range goals. A nurse who has had some level of experience with the situation is an advanced
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
beginner. This experience may only be observational in nature, but the nurse is able to identif
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
y meaningful aspects or principles of nursing care.
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
DIF:Apply (application) hv
OBJ:Discuss the development of professional nursing roles. hv hv hv hv hv hv
TOP: Evaluation hv
hv MSC: Management of Care h v hv hv
4. A nurse assesses a patient’s fluid status and decides that the patient needs to drink more fluids.
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
The nurse then encourages the patient to drink more fluids. Which concept is the nurse demon
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
strating?
a. Licensure
b. Autonomy
c. Certification
d. Accountability
ANS: B hv
Autonomy is an essential element of professional nursing that involves the initiation of indep
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
endent nursing interventions without medical orders. To obtain licensure in the United States,
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv h
the RN candidate must pass the NCLEX-RN. Beyond the NCLEX-
v hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
RN, the nurse may choose to work toward certification in a specific area of nursing practice.
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
Accountability means that you are responsible, professionally and legally, for the type and qua
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
lity of nursing care provided.
hv hv hv hv
DIF:Apply (application) hv
OBJ:Discuss the roles and career opportunities for nurses. hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
TOP: Implementation hv
hv MSC: Management of Care h v hv hv
5. A nurse prepares the budget and policies for an intensive care unit. Which role is the nurse i
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
mplementing?
a. Educator
b. Manager
c. Advocate
d. Caregiver
ANS: B hv
, A manager coordinates the activities of members of the nursing staff in delivering nursing car
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
e and has personnel, policy, and budgetary responsibility for a specific nursing unit or facility
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
. As an educator, you explain concepts and facts about health, describe the reason for routine
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
care activities, demonstrate procedures such as self-
hv hv hv hv hv hv
care activities, reinforce learning or patient behavior, and evaluate the patient’s progress in lea
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
rning. As a patient advocate, you protect your patient’s human and legal rights and provide assi
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
stance in asserting these rights if the need arises. As a caregiver, you help patients maintain an
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
d regain health, manage disease and symptoms, and attain a maximal level function and indep
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
endence through the healing process. hv hv hv hv
DIF:Apply (application) hv
OBJ:Discuss the roles and career opportunities for nurses. hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
TOP: Implementation hv
hv MSC: Management of Care h v hv hv
6. The nurse has been working in the clinical setting for several years as an advanced practice
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
nurse. However, the nurse has a strong desire to pursue research and theory development. To f
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
ulfill this desire, which program should the nurse attend?
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
a. Doctor of Nursing Science degree (DNSc) hv hv hv hv hv
b. Doctor of Philosophy degree (PhD) hv hv hv hv
c. Doctor of Nursing Practice degree (DNP) hv hv hv hv hv
d. Doctor in the Science of Nursing degree (DSN) hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
ANS: B hv
Some doctoral programs prepare nurses for more rigorous research and theory development a
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
nd award the research-
hv hv hv
oriented Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in nursing. Professional doctoral programs in nursing (D
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
SN or DNSc) prepare graduates to apply research findings to clinical nursing. The DNP is a p
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
ractice doctorate that prepares advanced practice nurses such as nurse practitioners.
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
DIF:Understand (comprehension) hv
OBJ:Compare and contrast the educational programs available for professional registered nurse (RN)
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
education. TOP: Teaching/Learning MSC: Management of Care h v h v hv hv
7. A nurse attends a workshop on current nursing issues provided by the American Nurses
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
Association. Which type of education did the nurse receive? hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
a. Graduate education hv
b. Inservice education hv
c. Continuing education hv
d. Registered nurse education hv hv
ANS: C hv
Continuing education involves formal, organized educational programs offered by universitie
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
s, hospitals, state nurses associations, professional nursing organizations, and educational and
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
health care institutions. After obtaining a baccalaureate degree in nursing, you can pursue grad
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
uate education leading to a master’s or doctoral degree in any number of graduate fields, inclu
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
ding nursing. Inservice education programs are instruction or training provided by a health ca
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
re facility or institution. Registered nurse education is the education preparation for an individ
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
ual intending to be an RN.
hv hv hv hv hv
DIF:Apply (application) hv
OBJ:Compare and contrast the educational programs available for professional registered nurse (RN)
hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv hv
