HIV/AIDS (for MEDS 4051) || A+ Certified Solutions.
Having HIV means that you have AIDS correct answers myth
~> HIV is a virus that destroys the body's CD4+ immune cells, which help fight diseases. With
the right medications, people can have HIV for many years without progressing to AIDS. AIDS
is diagnosed by a clinician only when you have HIV, as well as certain opportunistic infections
or your CD4 cell count is <200.
It is difficult to get HIV from casual contact correct answers Fact.
~> You cannot catch or spread HIV from hugging someone, using the same towel, or sharing the
same glass.
You can only live with HIV for a few years correct answers Myth.
~> Everyone with HIV experiences it differently. A small number of people may develop AIDS
within a few months as the virus quickly weakens their immune system. Many others can live for
decades with HIV and have a normal life expectancy. You can help prevent HIV from
progressing to AIDS by seeing your doctor regularly and being treated for HIV.
You will know that you have HIV because of your symptoms correct answers Myth.
~> Some people do not show any signs of HIV for years after being infected. Many can have
some symptoms within 10 days to a few weeks after infection. However, they usually disappear
after a few weeks and you may not have symptoms again for several years. The only way to tell
that you have HIV is to get tested.
HIV can usually be cured correct answers Myth.
~> There is no cure for HIV, but treatment can keep virus levels low and help maintain your
immune system. Some drugs interfere with the proteins that HIV needs to copy (replicate) itself,
while others block the virus from entering or inserting its genetic material into your immune
cells.
HIV can be transmitted by mosquitoes correct answers Myth.
~> There is no evidence that mosquitoes can be infected with HIV or that they transmit HIV to
humans.
Anyone can potentially get HIV correct answers Fact.
~> More than 40,000 people in the U.S. get HIV each year. Anyone can get HIV - men, women,
people who are gay or straight, young or old, and people of any race.
Sex is safe when both partners have HIV correct answers Myth.
~> Using a condom or other latex barrier can help protect you from other sexually transmitted
diseases, as well as other strains of HIV which may be resistant to anti-HIV medication.
Your baby will be HIV-positive if you are HIV-positive correct answers Myth.
~> HIV-positive mothers can pass HIV to their babies during pregnancy or delivery, although
this only occurs ~25% of the time. Pregnant women with HIV can take medications to treat their
infection and to lower the risk of transmitting HIV to their babies.
,If you are HIV-positive, you cannot avoid opportunistic infections correct answers Myth.
~> Due to weakened immune systems, people with HIV are vulnerable to infections like
pneumocystis pneumonia, tuberculosis, candidiasis, cytomegalovirus, and toxoplasmosis. The
best way to reduce this risk is to take HIV medications. Some infections can be prevented with
other drugs.
HIV medications are not available if you do not have insurance correct answers Myth.
~> There are government programs, non-profit groups, and some pharmaceutical companies that
cover the cost of HIV/AIDS drugs. Talk to your local HIV/AIDS service organization to learn
about financial help.
virus correct answers ~> an infectious,obligate intracellular parasite comprising genetic material
(DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein coat (capsid) and/or a membrane
~> can infect the cells of a wide variety of organisms, including eukaryotes (animals, yeasts,
fungi and plants) and prokaryotes (bacteria)
~> Viruses can only replicate themselves by infecting a host cell and therefore cannot reproduce
on their own.
virion correct answers A complete virus particle
~> nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protective protein coat (and an envelope in
many cases)
a virus is around _______ nm correct answers 10²
years of different virus discovery correct answers 1908 Poliovirus
1911 Rous sarcoma virus
1915 Bacteriophage of staphylococci
1917 Bacteriophage of shigellae
1918 Bacteriophage of salmonellae
1927 Yellow fever virus
1930 Western equine encephalitis virus
1933 Eastern equine encephalitis virus
1934 Mumps virus
1935 Japanese encephalitis virus
1943 Dengue virus
1949 Enteroviruses
1952 Varicella zoster virus
1953 Adenovirus
1954 Measles virus
1956 Paramyxoviruses, Rhinovirus
1963 Hepatitis B virus
1964 Epstein-Barr virus
1965 Retroviruses
1966 Lassa fever virus
1967 Marburg virus
,1972 Norovirus
1973 Rotavirus, Hepatitis A virus
1975 Parvovirus B19
1976 Ebola virus
1980 Human T-lymphotropic virus 1
1982 Human T-lymphotropic virus 2
1983 HIV
1986 Human herpesvirus 6
1989 Hepatitis C virus
1990 Hepatitis E virus, Human herpesvirus 7
1994 Henipavirus
what is a virus that was discovered within the past 20 years? correct answers SARS (2002)
HIV correct answers •Human
•Immunodeficiency
•Virus
AIDS correct answers •Acquired
•Immunodeficiency
•Syndrome
What fluids transmit HIV? correct answers •Vaginal fluids (Sexual transmission)
•Blood/contaminated blood products (Transfusion; Needle sharing; Sexual transmission; Mother-
to-infant transmission)
•Breast milk
•Semen
How is HIV transmitted? correct answers •Sexual transmission
•Transfusion
•Needle sharing
•Mother-to-infant
HIV risk by type of exposure correct answers ****Sexual intercourse:
•Female-to-male transmission: 1/700 - 1/3,000
•Male-to-female transmission 1/200 - 1/2,000
•Male-to-male transmission 1/10 - 1/1,600
•Fellatio Largely unknown but not zero
****Blood exposure:
•Needle stick: 1/200 (1/10,000 with treatment)
, •Needle sharing 1 in 150
•Transfusion of infected blood 95 in 100
****Mother-infant transmission:
•Without treatment 1 in 4 (25%)
•With single drug treatment <1 in 10
•With combination drug treatment <1 in 50
~ 1900 correct answers humans contracted the virus by hunting certain species of chimpanzees
that carried the virus, and then eating them or getting their blood in an open wound.
1981 correct answers first cases recognized
~> Centers for Disease Control (CDC) reported on 5 young, previously healthy homosexual men
infected with a rare yeast-like fungus called Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) (most
common opportunistic infection in AIDS)
~> in the same year, CDC reported a cluster of cases of a rare and aggressive type of skin cancer,
Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) among gay men in New York and California.
~> By the end of the year, 270 cases of severe immune deficiency among gay men have been
reported, and 121 of those died.
1982 correct answers ~> CDC called the disease AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome)
& defined it as, "a disease at least moderately predictive of a defect in cell-mediated immunity,
occurring in a person with no known case for diminished resistance to that disease."
~> The first American AIDS clinic is founded in San Francisco, and Gay Men's Health Crisis is
founded in New York City.
1983 correct answers ~> CDC had established the National AIDS Hotline
~> cases of AIDS were reported in female partners of males with AIDS.
~> the CDC identified major routes of transmission of HIV, ruling out casual contact, food,
water, air, or surfaces.
~> New York doctor is threatened with eviction for treating AIDS patients, and the first AIDS
discrimination lawsuit is filed.
~> Dr. Robert Gallo of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) proposes that a retrovirus is the
likely cause of AIDS.
~> Professor Luc Montagnier of the Pasteur Institute reports discovery of a retrovirus called
Lymphadenopathy Associated Virus (LAV) that might be the cause of AIDS.
Having HIV means that you have AIDS correct answers myth
~> HIV is a virus that destroys the body's CD4+ immune cells, which help fight diseases. With
the right medications, people can have HIV for many years without progressing to AIDS. AIDS
is diagnosed by a clinician only when you have HIV, as well as certain opportunistic infections
or your CD4 cell count is <200.
It is difficult to get HIV from casual contact correct answers Fact.
~> You cannot catch or spread HIV from hugging someone, using the same towel, or sharing the
same glass.
You can only live with HIV for a few years correct answers Myth.
~> Everyone with HIV experiences it differently. A small number of people may develop AIDS
within a few months as the virus quickly weakens their immune system. Many others can live for
decades with HIV and have a normal life expectancy. You can help prevent HIV from
progressing to AIDS by seeing your doctor regularly and being treated for HIV.
You will know that you have HIV because of your symptoms correct answers Myth.
~> Some people do not show any signs of HIV for years after being infected. Many can have
some symptoms within 10 days to a few weeks after infection. However, they usually disappear
after a few weeks and you may not have symptoms again for several years. The only way to tell
that you have HIV is to get tested.
HIV can usually be cured correct answers Myth.
~> There is no cure for HIV, but treatment can keep virus levels low and help maintain your
immune system. Some drugs interfere with the proteins that HIV needs to copy (replicate) itself,
while others block the virus from entering or inserting its genetic material into your immune
cells.
HIV can be transmitted by mosquitoes correct answers Myth.
~> There is no evidence that mosquitoes can be infected with HIV or that they transmit HIV to
humans.
Anyone can potentially get HIV correct answers Fact.
~> More than 40,000 people in the U.S. get HIV each year. Anyone can get HIV - men, women,
people who are gay or straight, young or old, and people of any race.
Sex is safe when both partners have HIV correct answers Myth.
~> Using a condom or other latex barrier can help protect you from other sexually transmitted
diseases, as well as other strains of HIV which may be resistant to anti-HIV medication.
Your baby will be HIV-positive if you are HIV-positive correct answers Myth.
~> HIV-positive mothers can pass HIV to their babies during pregnancy or delivery, although
this only occurs ~25% of the time. Pregnant women with HIV can take medications to treat their
infection and to lower the risk of transmitting HIV to their babies.
,If you are HIV-positive, you cannot avoid opportunistic infections correct answers Myth.
~> Due to weakened immune systems, people with HIV are vulnerable to infections like
pneumocystis pneumonia, tuberculosis, candidiasis, cytomegalovirus, and toxoplasmosis. The
best way to reduce this risk is to take HIV medications. Some infections can be prevented with
other drugs.
HIV medications are not available if you do not have insurance correct answers Myth.
~> There are government programs, non-profit groups, and some pharmaceutical companies that
cover the cost of HIV/AIDS drugs. Talk to your local HIV/AIDS service organization to learn
about financial help.
virus correct answers ~> an infectious,obligate intracellular parasite comprising genetic material
(DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein coat (capsid) and/or a membrane
~> can infect the cells of a wide variety of organisms, including eukaryotes (animals, yeasts,
fungi and plants) and prokaryotes (bacteria)
~> Viruses can only replicate themselves by infecting a host cell and therefore cannot reproduce
on their own.
virion correct answers A complete virus particle
~> nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protective protein coat (and an envelope in
many cases)
a virus is around _______ nm correct answers 10²
years of different virus discovery correct answers 1908 Poliovirus
1911 Rous sarcoma virus
1915 Bacteriophage of staphylococci
1917 Bacteriophage of shigellae
1918 Bacteriophage of salmonellae
1927 Yellow fever virus
1930 Western equine encephalitis virus
1933 Eastern equine encephalitis virus
1934 Mumps virus
1935 Japanese encephalitis virus
1943 Dengue virus
1949 Enteroviruses
1952 Varicella zoster virus
1953 Adenovirus
1954 Measles virus
1956 Paramyxoviruses, Rhinovirus
1963 Hepatitis B virus
1964 Epstein-Barr virus
1965 Retroviruses
1966 Lassa fever virus
1967 Marburg virus
,1972 Norovirus
1973 Rotavirus, Hepatitis A virus
1975 Parvovirus B19
1976 Ebola virus
1980 Human T-lymphotropic virus 1
1982 Human T-lymphotropic virus 2
1983 HIV
1986 Human herpesvirus 6
1989 Hepatitis C virus
1990 Hepatitis E virus, Human herpesvirus 7
1994 Henipavirus
what is a virus that was discovered within the past 20 years? correct answers SARS (2002)
HIV correct answers •Human
•Immunodeficiency
•Virus
AIDS correct answers •Acquired
•Immunodeficiency
•Syndrome
What fluids transmit HIV? correct answers •Vaginal fluids (Sexual transmission)
•Blood/contaminated blood products (Transfusion; Needle sharing; Sexual transmission; Mother-
to-infant transmission)
•Breast milk
•Semen
How is HIV transmitted? correct answers •Sexual transmission
•Transfusion
•Needle sharing
•Mother-to-infant
HIV risk by type of exposure correct answers ****Sexual intercourse:
•Female-to-male transmission: 1/700 - 1/3,000
•Male-to-female transmission 1/200 - 1/2,000
•Male-to-male transmission 1/10 - 1/1,600
•Fellatio Largely unknown but not zero
****Blood exposure:
•Needle stick: 1/200 (1/10,000 with treatment)
, •Needle sharing 1 in 150
•Transfusion of infected blood 95 in 100
****Mother-infant transmission:
•Without treatment 1 in 4 (25%)
•With single drug treatment <1 in 10
•With combination drug treatment <1 in 50
~ 1900 correct answers humans contracted the virus by hunting certain species of chimpanzees
that carried the virus, and then eating them or getting their blood in an open wound.
1981 correct answers first cases recognized
~> Centers for Disease Control (CDC) reported on 5 young, previously healthy homosexual men
infected with a rare yeast-like fungus called Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) (most
common opportunistic infection in AIDS)
~> in the same year, CDC reported a cluster of cases of a rare and aggressive type of skin cancer,
Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) among gay men in New York and California.
~> By the end of the year, 270 cases of severe immune deficiency among gay men have been
reported, and 121 of those died.
1982 correct answers ~> CDC called the disease AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome)
& defined it as, "a disease at least moderately predictive of a defect in cell-mediated immunity,
occurring in a person with no known case for diminished resistance to that disease."
~> The first American AIDS clinic is founded in San Francisco, and Gay Men's Health Crisis is
founded in New York City.
1983 correct answers ~> CDC had established the National AIDS Hotline
~> cases of AIDS were reported in female partners of males with AIDS.
~> the CDC identified major routes of transmission of HIV, ruling out casual contact, food,
water, air, or surfaces.
~> New York doctor is threatened with eviction for treating AIDS patients, and the first AIDS
discrimination lawsuit is filed.
~> Dr. Robert Gallo of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) proposes that a retrovirus is the
likely cause of AIDS.
~> Professor Luc Montagnier of the Pasteur Institute reports discovery of a retrovirus called
Lymphadenopathy Associated Virus (LAV) that might be the cause of AIDS.
