QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
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PASS||UPDATED 2026/2027
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FIVE Innate Characteristics of Diversity - ANSWER ✓ Age, gender, ethnicity,
physical attributes and some illnesses (such as hemophilia)
SEVEN Acquired Characteristics of Diversity - ANSWER ✓ Characteristics
development throughout a lifetime through individual life experiences which
include, education, skills, manner of dress and personal style, religion,
improvement of abilities, politics and some illnesses (COPD from smoking)
How an individual's life experiences influence diversity.. - ANSWER ✓ Belief
Systems - influence individual decisions and actions, passed from generations, may
be rooted in regions faith/practices.
Identify characteristics of clients from vulnerable populations that influence
nursing care. - ANSWER ✓ Groups of people in our culture who are at greater
risks for disease due to lack of resources and exposure to more risk factors. This
can include people in poverty but also people due to age, disability, health state,
education status, language spoken and socioeconomic status. Homelessness
especially.
Keep in mind multiple risk factors!
Role of nurse in meeting healthcare needs of diverse populations. - ANSWER ✓
Be aware, use interpreters, serve populations in need, more diverse healthcare
providers in under-served communities
-SEE PP Slide of Disparities and Differences.
-Recognize social injustice in that not all groups are treated equally
-Nursing promotes balance among groups
-Nurses are bound to code of ethics
,-Nurses must understand and recognize stereotyping, prejudice, discrimination in
themselves
-Must develop cultural competence
THREE Components of Spirituality - ANSWER ✓ Meaning - having purpose
Connecting - to others nature, Higher Power, music, art
Transcendence - appreciation of a dimension beyond the self
Spirituality - Children - ANSWER ✓ Development of spirituality parallels
cognitive, nurse must support parent-child bonding
Spirituality - Adolescents - ANSWER ✓ Spirituality will reflect process of
differentiating self from parents, focus of thinking independently, think of present
rather than future
Spirituality - Adults - ANSWER ✓ Meaning and connectedness related to their
nuclear family and career choices, may need to reconstruct meaningfulness in
wake of significant loss/illness
Spirituality - Older Adults - ANSWER ✓ Evidence that spirituality increases ,
many highly value religious coping strategies such as prayer, may be concerned
about living a purposeful life, loving relationships, nursing care may involve
support for meaning-making activities, reframing of losses as liberations
TWO Components of Spiritual Assessment - ANSWER ✓ Screening, Spiritual
history and observation
Screening (Spirituality) - ANSWER ✓ Is spirituality or religion important to you
as you cope with illness?" Yes, then how much strength/comfort do you get now?"
Another approach is to ask a couple of general questions about impact of spiritual
or religious beliefs and practices on health
History and Observation (Spirituality) - ANSWER ✓ Gathered through general
history, nursing history or clinical observations of behavior, verbalizations and
interactions; FICA
FICA - ANSWER ✓ Faith/Beliefs, Implications/influence, Community, Address
, Faith/Belief - What spiritual beliefs are most important to you? What comforts
you?
Implication/Influence- How is your faith affecting you cope now? How is your
faith helpful?
Community- Is there a group of like-minded believers with whom you regularly
meet?
Address- How would you like your healthcare team to support you spiritually?
Pertinent nursing diagnosis pertaining to spirituality - ANSWER ✓ Spiritual
distress, readiness for enhanced spiritual well-being, impaired religiosity,
interrupted family processes, risk for compromised human dignity, risk for
powerlessness
Spiritual practices that affect nursing care - ANSWER ✓ Diet, overexposure of
body/not having typical appropriate dress, different approaches to healing, the
approach to birth and death, and how to cope with death
THREE ways to facilitate spiritual well-being. - ANSWER ✓ -Guidelines for
ethical conduct in spiritual caregiving...first seek basic understanding of patient's
spiritual needs, resources, preferences. Next follow patient's expressed wishes
about spiritual care, follow the patients leads and don't push or pressure.
-Collaborating with chaplains to visit patients as needed and nurses are able to
make referrals to chaplains.
-Engaging community-based spiritual care experts and resources from pastoral
counseling from congregations
Nursing Process - Definition - ANSWER ✓ An adaptation of problem solving
used by nurses; directed toward patient's response to disease process, effects of
disease process, interventions, and therapies (ANA).
Nursing Process - Purpose - ANSWER ✓ -Identify patient's health status, actual or
potential healthcare problems/needs
-Establish plans to meet needs
-Deliver specific nursing interventions
-Evaluate success of interventions
Nursing Process - Advantages - ANSWER ✓ - Dynamic, not static
- Cyclical not Linear
- "Thinking Framework" for clinical decision making