BIOD 103 Module 4 Practice Exam QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS (GRADED A+) | VERIFIED ANSWERS | LATEST
VERSION 2026/2027
1. Which term refers to the "surgical excision of a portion of the iris"?
A) Iridotomy
B) Iridectomy
C) Iridoplasty
D) Iriditis
Rationale: The root irid/o refers to the iris, and the suffix -ectomy means
surgical excision.
2. The "master gland" that controls the secretion of other hormones is the:
A) Pituitary gland
B) Thyroid gland
C) Adrenal gland
D) Pancreas
Rationale: The pituitary gland (specifically the adenohypophysis) regulates
many other endocrine glands.
3. Which medical term refers to "ear pain"?
A) Otopyorrhea
B) Otitis
C) Otalgia
D) Otosclerosis
Rationale: The root ot/o means ear and the suffix -algia means pain.
4. Which division of the nervous system is responsible for the "fight-or-flight"
response?
A) Central nervous system
B) Parasympathetic nervous system
C) Sympathetic nervous system
D) Somatic nervous system
Rationale: The sympathetic branch is activated during emergency situations and
stress.
,5. "Glycosuria" refers to the presence of ________ in the urine.
A) Protein
B) Blood
C) Sugar/Glucose
D) Ketones
Rationale: Glycos/o means sugar or glucose; -uria refers to a condition of the
urine.
6. The term "ophthalmologist" refers to a specialist in:
A) Eyes
B) Ears
C) Nerves
D) Glands
Rationale: Ophthalm/o is the combining form for the eye.
7. Which hormone regulates the body's sleep-wake cycle?
A) Insulin
B) Melatonin
C) Oxytocin
D) Growth Hormone
Rationale: Melatonin, secreted by the pineal gland, helps regulate circadian
rhythms.
8. "Encephalitis" is the inflammation of the:
A) Spinal cord
B) Brain
C) Nerve
D) Meninges
Rationale: Encephal/o is the medical root for the brain.
9. Which term describes an "abnormal sensitivity to light"?
A) Hyperopia
B) Myopia
C) Photophobia
D) Presbyopia
Rationale: Phot/o means light; -phobia in a medical context often refers to
abnormal sensitivity or intolerance.
,10. The "islets of Langerhans" are located in which organ?
A) Liver
B) Spleen
C) Pancreas
D) Adrenal gland
Rationale: The pancreas contains these clusters of endocrine cells that produce
insulin and glucagon.
11. Which suffix refers to a "record or image"?
A) -gram
B) -graphy
C) -scopy
D) -meter
Rationale: A -gram is the actual record produced, while -graphy is the process
of recording.
12. The "parasympathetic" nervous system is primarily responsible for:
A) Rest and digest / Homeostasis
B) Emergency responses
C) Voluntary muscle movement
D) Thinking and memory
Rationale: The parasympathetic branch maintains daily body functions and
internal balance.
13. "Hyperthyroidism" is a condition of:
A) Underactive thyroid
B) Overactive thyroid
C) Inflammation of the thyroid
D) Removal of the thyroid
Rationale: Hyper- means excessive or above normal; it refers to an
overproduction of thyroid hormones.
14. The "cochlea" is a structure located in the:
A) Outer ear
B) Middle ear
C) Inner ear
D) Semicircular canals
Rationale: The cochlea is the snail-shaped organ of hearing in the inner ear.
, 15. Which combining form means "gland"?
A) Aden/o
B) Adren/o
C) Arthr/o
D) Angi/o
Rationale: Aden/o is the standard root for any gland (e.g., adenoma).
16. "Myringitis" is inflammation of the:
A) Iris
B) Retina
C) Tympanic membrane (eardrum)
D) Conjunctiva
Rationale: Myring/o refers to the eardrum.
17. Which term means "paralysis of four limbs"?
A) Hemiplegia
B) Paraplegia
C) Quadriplegia
D) Monoplegia
Rationale: Quadri- means four; -plegia means paralysis.
18. "Presbyopia" refers to vision loss associated with:
A) Old age
B) Trauma
C) Infection
D) Congenital defects
Rationale: Presby- is a prefix meaning old age.
19. Which gland is located on top of each kidney?
A) Pituitary
B) Thymus
C) Adrenal
D) Thyroid
Rationale: Ad- (near) + ren/o (kidney); the adrenal glands sit atop the kidneys.
20. "Neuropathy" is defined as:
A) Inflammation of a nerve
B) Surgical repair of a nerve
ANSWERS (GRADED A+) | VERIFIED ANSWERS | LATEST
VERSION 2026/2027
1. Which term refers to the "surgical excision of a portion of the iris"?
A) Iridotomy
B) Iridectomy
C) Iridoplasty
D) Iriditis
Rationale: The root irid/o refers to the iris, and the suffix -ectomy means
surgical excision.
2. The "master gland" that controls the secretion of other hormones is the:
A) Pituitary gland
B) Thyroid gland
C) Adrenal gland
D) Pancreas
Rationale: The pituitary gland (specifically the adenohypophysis) regulates
many other endocrine glands.
3. Which medical term refers to "ear pain"?
A) Otopyorrhea
B) Otitis
C) Otalgia
D) Otosclerosis
Rationale: The root ot/o means ear and the suffix -algia means pain.
4. Which division of the nervous system is responsible for the "fight-or-flight"
response?
A) Central nervous system
B) Parasympathetic nervous system
C) Sympathetic nervous system
D) Somatic nervous system
Rationale: The sympathetic branch is activated during emergency situations and
stress.
,5. "Glycosuria" refers to the presence of ________ in the urine.
A) Protein
B) Blood
C) Sugar/Glucose
D) Ketones
Rationale: Glycos/o means sugar or glucose; -uria refers to a condition of the
urine.
6. The term "ophthalmologist" refers to a specialist in:
A) Eyes
B) Ears
C) Nerves
D) Glands
Rationale: Ophthalm/o is the combining form for the eye.
7. Which hormone regulates the body's sleep-wake cycle?
A) Insulin
B) Melatonin
C) Oxytocin
D) Growth Hormone
Rationale: Melatonin, secreted by the pineal gland, helps regulate circadian
rhythms.
8. "Encephalitis" is the inflammation of the:
A) Spinal cord
B) Brain
C) Nerve
D) Meninges
Rationale: Encephal/o is the medical root for the brain.
9. Which term describes an "abnormal sensitivity to light"?
A) Hyperopia
B) Myopia
C) Photophobia
D) Presbyopia
Rationale: Phot/o means light; -phobia in a medical context often refers to
abnormal sensitivity or intolerance.
,10. The "islets of Langerhans" are located in which organ?
A) Liver
B) Spleen
C) Pancreas
D) Adrenal gland
Rationale: The pancreas contains these clusters of endocrine cells that produce
insulin and glucagon.
11. Which suffix refers to a "record or image"?
A) -gram
B) -graphy
C) -scopy
D) -meter
Rationale: A -gram is the actual record produced, while -graphy is the process
of recording.
12. The "parasympathetic" nervous system is primarily responsible for:
A) Rest and digest / Homeostasis
B) Emergency responses
C) Voluntary muscle movement
D) Thinking and memory
Rationale: The parasympathetic branch maintains daily body functions and
internal balance.
13. "Hyperthyroidism" is a condition of:
A) Underactive thyroid
B) Overactive thyroid
C) Inflammation of the thyroid
D) Removal of the thyroid
Rationale: Hyper- means excessive or above normal; it refers to an
overproduction of thyroid hormones.
14. The "cochlea" is a structure located in the:
A) Outer ear
B) Middle ear
C) Inner ear
D) Semicircular canals
Rationale: The cochlea is the snail-shaped organ of hearing in the inner ear.
, 15. Which combining form means "gland"?
A) Aden/o
B) Adren/o
C) Arthr/o
D) Angi/o
Rationale: Aden/o is the standard root for any gland (e.g., adenoma).
16. "Myringitis" is inflammation of the:
A) Iris
B) Retina
C) Tympanic membrane (eardrum)
D) Conjunctiva
Rationale: Myring/o refers to the eardrum.
17. Which term means "paralysis of four limbs"?
A) Hemiplegia
B) Paraplegia
C) Quadriplegia
D) Monoplegia
Rationale: Quadri- means four; -plegia means paralysis.
18. "Presbyopia" refers to vision loss associated with:
A) Old age
B) Trauma
C) Infection
D) Congenital defects
Rationale: Presby- is a prefix meaning old age.
19. Which gland is located on top of each kidney?
A) Pituitary
B) Thymus
C) Adrenal
D) Thyroid
Rationale: Ad- (near) + ren/o (kidney); the adrenal glands sit atop the kidneys.
20. "Neuropathy" is defined as:
A) Inflammation of a nerve
B) Surgical repair of a nerve
