BIOD 103 Final Exam Practice Exam QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS (GRADED A+) | VERIFIED ANSWERS | LATEST
VERSION 2026/2027
1. Which term describes a person standing upright, arms at the sides, and
palms facing forward?
A) Supine position
B) Prone position
C) Anatomical position
D) Lateral position
Rationale: Anatomical position is the universal standard for all directional
terminology.
2. The "distal" end of the humerus is closest to the:
A) Shoulder
B) Elbow
C) Neck
D) Wrist
Rationale: Distal means farther from the point of attachment (the shoulder).
3. "Chondromalacia" is the softening of:
A) Bone
B) Muscle
C) Cartilage
D) Nerve
Rationale: Chondr/o means cartilage; -malacia means softening.
4. Which plane divides the body into right and left UNEQUAL portions?
A) Midsagittal
B) Parasagittal
C) Transverse
D) Frontal
Rationale: Para- means "near" or "beside" the midline, creating unequal halves.
5. "Hypodermic" means:
A) Within the skin
, B) Under the skin
C) Above the skin
D) Through the skin
Rationale: Hypo- (under) + derm/o (skin).
6. The suffix "-rrhea" refers to:
A) Bursting forth of blood
B) Flow or discharge
C) Suture or repair
D) Rupture
Rationale: Think of "rhinorrhea" (runny nose) or "diarrhea."
7. "Osteoclasts" are cells that:
A) Build bone
B) Break down bone
C) Store fat
D) Produce blood
Rationale: -clast means to break; -blast means to build.
8. Which term refers to the "surgical removal of a fallopian tube"?
A) Oophorectomy
B) Hysterectomy
C) Salpingectomy
D) Orchidectomy
Rationale: Salping/o refers to the fallopian (or Eustachian) tube.
9. "Dysphagia" is difficulty with:
A) Speaking
B) Swallowing
C) Breathing
D) Walking
Rationale: -phagia (swallowing) vs. -phasia (speech).
10. The "visceral pericardium" is found:
A) Lining the chest wall
B) On the surface of the heart
C) Around the lungs
, D) Lining the skull
Rationale: Visceral = organ; pericardium = around the heart.
11. "Bilirubin" is a pigment resulting from the breakdown of:
A) Fat
B) Hemoglobin (RBCs)
C) Protein
D) Bone
Rationale: Excess bilirubin causes jaundice (yellowing).
12. Which term means "narrowing of a vein"?
A) Arteriostenosis
B) Phlebosclerosis
C) Phlebostenosis
D) Vasodilation
Rationale: Phleb/o (vein) + -stenosis (narrowing).
13. "Atrophy" is the ________ of a muscle or organ.
A) Wasting away
B) Excessive growth
C) Inflammation
D) Softening
Rationale: A- (without) + -trophy (nourishment/growth).
14. The "pyloric sphincter" is the exit of which organ?
A) Esophagus
B) Stomach
C) Bladder
D) Gallbladder
Rationale: It controls the passage of food from the stomach to the duodenum.
15. "Hematemesis" is:
A) Coughing up blood
B) Vomiting blood
C) Blood in the urine
D) Blood in the stool
Rationale: -emesis (vomit) vs. -ptysis (spit).
, 16. "Nephrolithiasis" refers to:
A) Kidney infection
B) Kidney stones
C) Gallstones
D) Bladder tumor
Rationale: Nephr/o (kidney) + lith (stone).
17. Which gland is known as the "master gland"?
A) Pituitary
B) Thyroid
C) Adrenal
D) Pancreas
Rationale: It regulates most other endocrine functions.
18. "Myelitis" is inflammation of the:
A) Muscle
B) Spinal cord (or bone marrow)
C) Brain
D) Joint
Rationale: Myel/o (cord/marrow) vs. My/o (muscle).
19. "Amenorrhea" means:
A) Painful menses
B) Absence of menses
C) Frequent menses
D) First menses
Rationale: A- (without) + men/o (menses).
20. Which term means "double vision"?
A) Diplopia
B) Myopia
C) Nyctalopia
D) Amblyopia
Rationale: Dipl- (double) + -opia (vision).
21. "Arthrocentesis" is a surgical puncture to:
A) Remove a joint
B) Repair a joint
ANSWERS (GRADED A+) | VERIFIED ANSWERS | LATEST
VERSION 2026/2027
1. Which term describes a person standing upright, arms at the sides, and
palms facing forward?
A) Supine position
B) Prone position
C) Anatomical position
D) Lateral position
Rationale: Anatomical position is the universal standard for all directional
terminology.
2. The "distal" end of the humerus is closest to the:
A) Shoulder
B) Elbow
C) Neck
D) Wrist
Rationale: Distal means farther from the point of attachment (the shoulder).
3. "Chondromalacia" is the softening of:
A) Bone
B) Muscle
C) Cartilage
D) Nerve
Rationale: Chondr/o means cartilage; -malacia means softening.
4. Which plane divides the body into right and left UNEQUAL portions?
A) Midsagittal
B) Parasagittal
C) Transverse
D) Frontal
Rationale: Para- means "near" or "beside" the midline, creating unequal halves.
5. "Hypodermic" means:
A) Within the skin
, B) Under the skin
C) Above the skin
D) Through the skin
Rationale: Hypo- (under) + derm/o (skin).
6. The suffix "-rrhea" refers to:
A) Bursting forth of blood
B) Flow or discharge
C) Suture or repair
D) Rupture
Rationale: Think of "rhinorrhea" (runny nose) or "diarrhea."
7. "Osteoclasts" are cells that:
A) Build bone
B) Break down bone
C) Store fat
D) Produce blood
Rationale: -clast means to break; -blast means to build.
8. Which term refers to the "surgical removal of a fallopian tube"?
A) Oophorectomy
B) Hysterectomy
C) Salpingectomy
D) Orchidectomy
Rationale: Salping/o refers to the fallopian (or Eustachian) tube.
9. "Dysphagia" is difficulty with:
A) Speaking
B) Swallowing
C) Breathing
D) Walking
Rationale: -phagia (swallowing) vs. -phasia (speech).
10. The "visceral pericardium" is found:
A) Lining the chest wall
B) On the surface of the heart
C) Around the lungs
, D) Lining the skull
Rationale: Visceral = organ; pericardium = around the heart.
11. "Bilirubin" is a pigment resulting from the breakdown of:
A) Fat
B) Hemoglobin (RBCs)
C) Protein
D) Bone
Rationale: Excess bilirubin causes jaundice (yellowing).
12. Which term means "narrowing of a vein"?
A) Arteriostenosis
B) Phlebosclerosis
C) Phlebostenosis
D) Vasodilation
Rationale: Phleb/o (vein) + -stenosis (narrowing).
13. "Atrophy" is the ________ of a muscle or organ.
A) Wasting away
B) Excessive growth
C) Inflammation
D) Softening
Rationale: A- (without) + -trophy (nourishment/growth).
14. The "pyloric sphincter" is the exit of which organ?
A) Esophagus
B) Stomach
C) Bladder
D) Gallbladder
Rationale: It controls the passage of food from the stomach to the duodenum.
15. "Hematemesis" is:
A) Coughing up blood
B) Vomiting blood
C) Blood in the urine
D) Blood in the stool
Rationale: -emesis (vomit) vs. -ptysis (spit).
, 16. "Nephrolithiasis" refers to:
A) Kidney infection
B) Kidney stones
C) Gallstones
D) Bladder tumor
Rationale: Nephr/o (kidney) + lith (stone).
17. Which gland is known as the "master gland"?
A) Pituitary
B) Thyroid
C) Adrenal
D) Pancreas
Rationale: It regulates most other endocrine functions.
18. "Myelitis" is inflammation of the:
A) Muscle
B) Spinal cord (or bone marrow)
C) Brain
D) Joint
Rationale: Myel/o (cord/marrow) vs. My/o (muscle).
19. "Amenorrhea" means:
A) Painful menses
B) Absence of menses
C) Frequent menses
D) First menses
Rationale: A- (without) + men/o (menses).
20. Which term means "double vision"?
A) Diplopia
B) Myopia
C) Nyctalopia
D) Amblyopia
Rationale: Dipl- (double) + -opia (vision).
21. "Arthrocentesis" is a surgical puncture to:
A) Remove a joint
B) Repair a joint
