NR 507 Midterm and Final Exam Newest Exam
Preparation Newest With Complete Questions And
Correct Detailed Answers| Brand New Version
Duodenal Ulcer - - answer --Characteristic manifestation = chronic intermittent
pain in epigastric area
Pain begins 30 minutes to 2 hours after eating when stomach is empty
Not unusual for pain to occur in middle of the night and disappear by morning
Peptic Ulcer Disease - - answer --Peptic ulcer is a break or ulceration in the
protective mucosal lining of the lower esophagus, stomach or duodenum
Least likely to occur in the large intestine
Major Depressive Disorder - - answer --SSRIs are the standard first-line treatment
for major depression
Initial selection of an antidepressant includes:
-Assessment of symptoms
-Age
,-Side effects
-Safety
-Cost
Social Anxiety Disorder - - answer --Fear and avoidance of social situations
Example: anxious person may feel very uncomfortable having a conversation or
interacting with others and very conscious of being scrutinized and humiliated or
rejected by others
Schizophrenia Diagnosis: - - answer --Advanced neuroimaging techniques have
revealed structural brain abnormalities
A consistent finding is the enlargement of the lateral and third ventricles and the
widening of frontocortical fissures and sulci .
Schizophrenia Positive symptoms - - answer --("More" symptoms):
Hallucinations
Delusions
Formal thought disorder
Bizarre behavior
Schizophrenia Negative symptoms - - answer --Flattened affect
Alogia
Anhedonia
Attention deficits
,Apathy
Schizophrenia Cognitive symptoms: - - answer --Inability to perform daily tasks
requiring attention and planning
Hypothyroidism - - answer --Most common thyroid function disorder
Affects between 0.1% and 2% of the U.S. population
More common in women and elderly
Hormone replacement therapy with the hormone levothyroxine is the treatment
of choice
Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH) - - answer --TSH released by anterior pituitary
Review hypothalamic-pituitary axis (Picture)
Thyroid-releasing hormone (hypothalamus)
Hyperthyroidism/ Grave's Disease - - answer --Two most distinguishing factors of
Grave's disease = pretibial myxedema and exophthalmos
Treatment directed at controlling excessive TH production, secretion or action
and includes antithyroid drug therapy (methimazole or propylthiouracil),
, radioactive iodine therapy (absorbed only by thyroid tissue, causing death of
cells), and surgery
Goal of radioactive iodine ablation for the treatment of Grave's disease is to
destroy overactive thyroid tissue
Two categories of ophthalmopathy associated with Grave's Disease: - - answer --
Functional Abnormalities: resulting from hyperactivity of the sympathetic division
of the autonomic nervous system (lag of the globe on upward gaze or a lag of the
upper lid on downward gaze)
Infiltrative Changes: involving the orbital contents with enlargement of the ocular
muscles. These changes affect more than half of individuals with Grave's Disease.
Increased secretion of hyaluronic acid, adipogenesis, inflammation and edema of
the orbital contents results in exophthalmos (protrusion of the eyeball),
periorbital edema and extraocular muscle weakness leading to strabismus and
diplopia (double vision)
Dermatomes - - answer --area of the skin that is mainly supplied by branches of a
single spinal sensory nerve root. These spinal sensory nerves enter the nerve root
at the spinal cord, and their branches reach to the periphery of the body.
Substance release at the synapse - - answer --Acetylcholine- Excitatory or
inhibitory- alzheimers
Norepi- Excitatory or inhibitory- sleep/wake cycle, SYNS transmission
Dopa- Excitatory (h1 and h2 receptors) and inhibitory (H3 receptors). parkinson
disease
Preparation Newest With Complete Questions And
Correct Detailed Answers| Brand New Version
Duodenal Ulcer - - answer --Characteristic manifestation = chronic intermittent
pain in epigastric area
Pain begins 30 minutes to 2 hours after eating when stomach is empty
Not unusual for pain to occur in middle of the night and disappear by morning
Peptic Ulcer Disease - - answer --Peptic ulcer is a break or ulceration in the
protective mucosal lining of the lower esophagus, stomach or duodenum
Least likely to occur in the large intestine
Major Depressive Disorder - - answer --SSRIs are the standard first-line treatment
for major depression
Initial selection of an antidepressant includes:
-Assessment of symptoms
-Age
,-Side effects
-Safety
-Cost
Social Anxiety Disorder - - answer --Fear and avoidance of social situations
Example: anxious person may feel very uncomfortable having a conversation or
interacting with others and very conscious of being scrutinized and humiliated or
rejected by others
Schizophrenia Diagnosis: - - answer --Advanced neuroimaging techniques have
revealed structural brain abnormalities
A consistent finding is the enlargement of the lateral and third ventricles and the
widening of frontocortical fissures and sulci .
Schizophrenia Positive symptoms - - answer --("More" symptoms):
Hallucinations
Delusions
Formal thought disorder
Bizarre behavior
Schizophrenia Negative symptoms - - answer --Flattened affect
Alogia
Anhedonia
Attention deficits
,Apathy
Schizophrenia Cognitive symptoms: - - answer --Inability to perform daily tasks
requiring attention and planning
Hypothyroidism - - answer --Most common thyroid function disorder
Affects between 0.1% and 2% of the U.S. population
More common in women and elderly
Hormone replacement therapy with the hormone levothyroxine is the treatment
of choice
Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH) - - answer --TSH released by anterior pituitary
Review hypothalamic-pituitary axis (Picture)
Thyroid-releasing hormone (hypothalamus)
Hyperthyroidism/ Grave's Disease - - answer --Two most distinguishing factors of
Grave's disease = pretibial myxedema and exophthalmos
Treatment directed at controlling excessive TH production, secretion or action
and includes antithyroid drug therapy (methimazole or propylthiouracil),
, radioactive iodine therapy (absorbed only by thyroid tissue, causing death of
cells), and surgery
Goal of radioactive iodine ablation for the treatment of Grave's disease is to
destroy overactive thyroid tissue
Two categories of ophthalmopathy associated with Grave's Disease: - - answer --
Functional Abnormalities: resulting from hyperactivity of the sympathetic division
of the autonomic nervous system (lag of the globe on upward gaze or a lag of the
upper lid on downward gaze)
Infiltrative Changes: involving the orbital contents with enlargement of the ocular
muscles. These changes affect more than half of individuals with Grave's Disease.
Increased secretion of hyaluronic acid, adipogenesis, inflammation and edema of
the orbital contents results in exophthalmos (protrusion of the eyeball),
periorbital edema and extraocular muscle weakness leading to strabismus and
diplopia (double vision)
Dermatomes - - answer --area of the skin that is mainly supplied by branches of a
single spinal sensory nerve root. These spinal sensory nerves enter the nerve root
at the spinal cord, and their branches reach to the periphery of the body.
Substance release at the synapse - - answer --Acetylcholine- Excitatory or
inhibitory- alzheimers
Norepi- Excitatory or inhibitory- sleep/wake cycle, SYNS transmission
Dopa- Excitatory (h1 and h2 receptors) and inhibitory (H3 receptors). parkinson
disease
