NM GF CORE PRACTICE EXAM 2026 FULL
PRACTICE TEST WITH DETAILED SOLUTIONS
◉ MCC locations for volvulus. Answer: sigmoid and cecum
◉ rx sigmoid vs cecal volvulus. Answer: sigmoid - decompression
with sigmoidoscopy
cecal - always surgically
◉ locations of hemorrhoids. Answer: left lateral
right anterior
right posterior
◉ which type of abscesses are the most common. Answer: perianal--
> intersphincteric fistula
ischiorectal--> transphincteric fistulae
◉ gallbladder sludge associated with. Answer: TPN
starvation
rapid weight loss
,◉ why does bile obstruction cause decrease urobilinogen?. Answer:
urobilinogen is produced by intestine as a result of bacterial
metabolism of bilirubin
then reabsorbed from intestine, secreted into urine
◉ HIDA scan - normally, the gallbladder fills within ____. Answer: 30
min
visualization of the CBD and duodenum w/o filling of the gallbladder
after 4 hours supports acute cholecystitis
◉ ddx biliary colic. Answer: angina
PUD
GERD
ureteral obstruciton
IBS
◉ when can hida scan be false positive. Answer: TPN
people fasting for a long time
◉ treatment of cholecystitis. Answer: npo
ivf
,abx
surgery w/i 3 days
unless acute emphysematous cholecystitis, in which case should
undergo emergent cholecystectomy
◉ pancreatitis - lab derangements - alcoholic vs gallstone. Answer:
gallstone - amylase and lipase may be very high compared to
patients with alcoholic pancreatitis, who may have less functioning
pancreatic tissue bc of chronic alcohol consumption
◉ the risk of bile duct cancer is higher in patients with. Answer: UC,
PSC, choledochal cyst, parasitic disease
usually mucin-producing adenocarcinomas
◉ contribution of splenic artery to pancreas drainage. Answer: gives
off dorsal pancreatic artery - divides into right branch (upper
margin of uncinate process) and left arch which becomes inferior
pancreatic artery, supplies body and tail
pancreatic magna too
, ◉ innervation of pancreas. Answer: sympathetic - greater splanchnic
nerve
parasympathetic - vagus nerve
all fibers pass through the celiac or superior mesenteric plexus
◉ exocrine pancreas secretes _____ of fluid. Answer: 1-2,000 ml
isotonic, alkaline fluid
na/k similar to plasma, bicarb is higher
◉ which two hormones play a role in regulating pancreatic
secretion. Answer: 1. secretin - stim by duo acidification
2. cck - by peptides, aa, free fatty acids
◉ operative drainage should be undertaken in patients with sx or a
pseudocyst that is larger than. Answer: 5 cm
◉ principal risk factors for pancreatic cancer. Answer: age and
cigarette smoking
◉ pancreatic cystadenoma. Answer: may be serous or mucinous
serous - short, cuboidal cell lining, more common in women
PRACTICE TEST WITH DETAILED SOLUTIONS
◉ MCC locations for volvulus. Answer: sigmoid and cecum
◉ rx sigmoid vs cecal volvulus. Answer: sigmoid - decompression
with sigmoidoscopy
cecal - always surgically
◉ locations of hemorrhoids. Answer: left lateral
right anterior
right posterior
◉ which type of abscesses are the most common. Answer: perianal--
> intersphincteric fistula
ischiorectal--> transphincteric fistulae
◉ gallbladder sludge associated with. Answer: TPN
starvation
rapid weight loss
,◉ why does bile obstruction cause decrease urobilinogen?. Answer:
urobilinogen is produced by intestine as a result of bacterial
metabolism of bilirubin
then reabsorbed from intestine, secreted into urine
◉ HIDA scan - normally, the gallbladder fills within ____. Answer: 30
min
visualization of the CBD and duodenum w/o filling of the gallbladder
after 4 hours supports acute cholecystitis
◉ ddx biliary colic. Answer: angina
PUD
GERD
ureteral obstruciton
IBS
◉ when can hida scan be false positive. Answer: TPN
people fasting for a long time
◉ treatment of cholecystitis. Answer: npo
ivf
,abx
surgery w/i 3 days
unless acute emphysematous cholecystitis, in which case should
undergo emergent cholecystectomy
◉ pancreatitis - lab derangements - alcoholic vs gallstone. Answer:
gallstone - amylase and lipase may be very high compared to
patients with alcoholic pancreatitis, who may have less functioning
pancreatic tissue bc of chronic alcohol consumption
◉ the risk of bile duct cancer is higher in patients with. Answer: UC,
PSC, choledochal cyst, parasitic disease
usually mucin-producing adenocarcinomas
◉ contribution of splenic artery to pancreas drainage. Answer: gives
off dorsal pancreatic artery - divides into right branch (upper
margin of uncinate process) and left arch which becomes inferior
pancreatic artery, supplies body and tail
pancreatic magna too
, ◉ innervation of pancreas. Answer: sympathetic - greater splanchnic
nerve
parasympathetic - vagus nerve
all fibers pass through the celiac or superior mesenteric plexus
◉ exocrine pancreas secretes _____ of fluid. Answer: 1-2,000 ml
isotonic, alkaline fluid
na/k similar to plasma, bicarb is higher
◉ which two hormones play a role in regulating pancreatic
secretion. Answer: 1. secretin - stim by duo acidification
2. cck - by peptides, aa, free fatty acids
◉ operative drainage should be undertaken in patients with sx or a
pseudocyst that is larger than. Answer: 5 cm
◉ principal risk factors for pancreatic cancer. Answer: age and
cigarette smoking
◉ pancreatic cystadenoma. Answer: may be serous or mucinous
serous - short, cuboidal cell lining, more common in women
